Characterization of the Endophytic Bacillus subtilis KRS015 Strain for Its Biocontrol Efficacy Against Verticillium dahliae.

Endophytes play important roles in promoting plant growth and controlling plant diseases. Verticillium wilt is a vascular wilt disease caused by Verticillium dahliae, a widely distributed soilborne pathogen that causes significant economic losses on cotton each year. In this study, an endophyte KRS015, isolated from the seed of the Verticillium wilt-resistant Gossypium hirsutum 'Zhongzhimian No. 2', was identified as Bacillus subtilis by morphological, phylogenetic, physiological, and biochemical analyses. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by KRS015 or its cell-free fermentation extract had significant antagonistic effects on various pathogenic fungi, including V. dahliae. KRS015 reduced Verticillium wilt index and colonization of V. dahliae in treated cotton seedlings significantly; the disease reduction rate was ∼62%. KRS015 also promoted plant growth, potentially mediated by the growth-related cotton genes GhACL5 and GhCPD-3. The cell-free fermentation extract of KRS015 triggered a hypersensitivity response, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of resistance-related plant genes. VOCs from KRS015 also inhibited germination of conidia and the mycelial growth of V. dahliae, and were mediated by growth and development-related genes such as VdHapX, VdMcm1, Vdpf, and Vel1. These results suggest that KRS015 is a potential agent for controlling Verticillium wilt and promoting growth of cotton.

Two zinc finger proteins, VdZFP1 and VdZFP2, interact with VdCmr1 to promote melanized microsclerotia development and stress tolerance in Verticillium dahliae.

BACKGROUND: Melanin plays important roles in morphological development, survival, host-pathogen interactions and in the virulence of phytopathogenic fungi. In Verticillum dahliae, increases in melanin are recognized as markers of maturation of microsclerotia which ensures the long-term survival and stress tolerance, while decreases in melanin are correlated with increased hyphal growth in the host. The conserved upstream components of the VdCmr1-regulated pathway controlling melanin production in V. dahliae have been extensively identified, but the direct activators of this pathway are still unclear. RESULTS: We identified two genes encoding conserved C2H2-type zinc finger proteins VdZFP1 and VdZFP2 adjacent to VdPKS9, a gene encoding a negative regulator of both melanin biosynthesis and microsclerotia formation in V. dahliae. Both VdZFP1 and VdZFP2 were induced during microsclerotia development and were involved in melanin deposition. Their localization changed from cytoplasmic to nuclear in response to osmotic pressure. VdZFP1 and VdZFP2 act as modulators of microsclerotia melanization in V. dahliae, as confirmed by melanin biosynthesis inhibition and supplementation with the melanin pathway intermediate scytalone in albino strains. The results indicate that VdZFP1 and VdZFP2 participate in melanin biosynthesis by positively regulating VdCmr1. Based on the results obtained with yeast one- and two-hybrid (Y1H and Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) systems, we determined the melanin biosynthesis relies on the direct interactions among VdZFP1, VdZFP2 and VdCmr1, and these interactions occur on the cell walls of microsclerotia. Additionally, VdZFP1 and/or VdZFP2 mutants displayed increased sensitivity to stress factors rather than alterations in pathogenicity, reflecting the importance of melanin in stress tolerance of V. dahliae. CONCLUSIONS: Our results revealed that VdZFP1 and VdZFP2 positively regulate VdCmr1 to promote melanin deposition during microsclerotia development, providing novel insight into the regulation of melanin biosynthesis in V. dahliae.

Rhizosphere Microbiomes of Potato Cultivated under Bacillus subtilis Treatment Influence the Quality of Potato Tubers.

Plants serve as a niche for the growth and proliferation of a diversity of microorganisms. Soil microorganisms, which closely interact with plants, are increasingly being recognized as factors important to plant health. In this study, we explored the use of high-throughput DNA sequencing of the fungal ITS and bacterial 16S for characterization of the fungal and bacterial microbiomes following biocontrol treatment (DT) with Bacillus subtilis strain Bv17 relative to treatments without biocontrol (DC) during the potato growth cycle at three time points. A total of 5631 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified from the 16S data, and 2236 OTUs were identified from the ITS data. The number of bacterial and fungal OTU in DT was higher than in DC and gradually increased during potato growth. In addition, indices such as Ace, Chao, Shannon, and Simpson were higher in DT than in DC, indicating greater richness and community diversity in soil following the biocontrol treatment. Additionally, the potato tuber yields improved without a measurable change in the bacterial communities following the B. subtilis strain Bv17 treatment. These results suggest that soil microbial communities in the rhizosphere are differentially affected by the biocontrol treatment while improving potato yield, providing a strong basis for biocontrol utilization in crop production.

The Anti-Obesity Effects of Lemon Fermented Products in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and in a Rat Model with High-Calorie Diet-Induced Obesity.

Lemon (Citrus limon) has antioxidant, immunoregulatory, and blood lipid-lowering properties. This study aimed to determine the effect of the lemon fermented product (LFP) which is lemon fermented with Lactobacillus OPC1 to prevent obesity. The inhibition of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes is examined using a Wistar rat model fed a high-fat diet to verify the anti-obesity efficacy and mechanism of LFP. Here, it was observed that LFP reduced cell proliferation and inhibited the lipid accumulation (8.3%) of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Additionally, LFP reduced body weight (9.7%) and fat tissue weight (25.7%) of rats; reduced serum TG (17.0%), FFA (17.9%), glucose (29.3%) and ketone body (6.8%); and increased serum HDL-C (17.6%) and lipase activity (17.8%). LFP regulated the mRNA expression of genes related to lipid metabolism (PPARγ, C/EBPα, SREBP-1c, HSL, ATGL, FAS, and AMPK). Therefore, LFP reduces body weight and lipid accumulation by regulating the mRNA expression of genes related to lipid metabolism. Overall, our results implicate LFP as a potential dietary supplement for the prevention of obesity.

Collaterals Doctrine Guided Investigation into Traditional Chinese Medicine Pathogenesis and Clinical Treatment of Myocardial Fibrosis Following Acute Myocardial Infarction / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Interventional or thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction （AMI） has the effect of opening occluded coronary arteries. However， due to no myocardial regurgitation， ischemia/reperfusion injury and microvascular structure and function destruction， leading to myocardial fibrosis following AMI， ventricular remodeling， and even cardiac failure may occur. Collaterals doctrine is used to guide the investigation into traditional Chinese medicine pathogenesis and clinical treatment of myocardial fibrosis following AMI. Consequently， it proposes the pathogenesis characteristic of "Qi deficiency and blood stasis， collaterals obstruction" and medication principle of "dispersing and dredging"， to develop the formula of Tongxinluo. Fundamental and clinical researches have demonstrated it can effectively protect the structure and function of myocardial microvascular endothelial cells， improve no reflow and reperfusion injury， and inhibit myocardial fibrosis after AMI， which further supports scientific value of the collaterals doctrine.

Rules of Syndrome and Treatment of Unstable Angina Pectoris Guided by Vessel-collateral Theory and Mechanism Analysis Based on Network Pharmacology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:Guided by nutrient-defense stages in the vessel-collateral theory， the modern medical cases of unstable angina pectoris（UAP） were systematically collated and analyzed to explore the rules of syndrome and treatment of UAP and the molecular mechanism of core Chinese herbal combination in the treatment of UAP based on network pharmacology. Method:All medical cases with UAP treated by Chinese medicinal compounds were retrieved from PubMed，China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI），Wanfang Data， VIP， and SinoMed published between database inception and November 2020. The syndromes of medical cases were determined based on the nutrient-defense stages of the vessel-collateral theory. Rules of syndrome and treatment of UAP were investigated by data mining methods， such as frequency statistics， cluster analysis， and enhanced FP-Growth algorithm. The molecular mechanism of core Chinese herbal combination in the treatment of UAP was analyzed by network pharmacology. Result:The first four syndromes of UAP with high frequencies were deficiency and stagnation of collateral Qi， blood stasis obstructing collaterals， depression and stagnation of collateral Qi， and turbid phlegm obstructing collaterals. The Chinese herbal medicines with high frequencies included Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Chuanxiong Rhizoma， and Astragali Radix， which were effective in resolving stasis， dredging collaterals， replenishing Qi， consolidating defensive Qi， regulating Qi， relieving depression， and dispelling phlegm. The association analysis indicated that the core Chinese herbal combination in the treatment of UAP was Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Astragali Radix. Four Chinese herbal combinations were obtained by cluster analysis. As revealed by network pharmacology， the key components of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Astragali Radix in the treatment of UAP included quercetin， luteolin， and tanshinone Ⅱ_A， and the key targets included serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 （Akt1）， mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 （MAPK1）， Jun， interleukin （IL）-6， and MAPK8. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway analysis showed that phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathway might serve as the main pathway for its therapeutic efficacy. Conclusion:The basic pathogenesis of UAP is deficiency/depression and stagnation of collateral qi and turbid phlegm obstructing collaterals. The treatment should follow the principles of replenishing Qi， resolving stasis， and dredging collaterals， assisted with regulating Qi and resolving phlegm. The therapeutic efficacy of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Astragali Radix was achieved via multi-component， multi-target， and multi-pathway. This study is expected to inspire future UAP-related studies at the molecular level based on vessel-collateral theory.

Analysis of Pathogenesis and Treatment of Chronic Coronary Syndrome Based on Vessel-collateral Theory / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Based on the syndrome and treatment system of collateral disease， and inheriting the development of the bloodline theory of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， academician WU Yi-ling systematically constructed the vessel-collateral theory of TCM and proposed that its core theory was the theory of Yingwei， that is， "Ying in the vein， and Wei outside the vein" （Huangdi Neijing·Lingshu·Yingwei Shenghui）， "obstructing of Yingwei， congelation of blood" （Treatise on Febrile Diseases· Pulse Differentiation Method）， "pathogen transferring through blood vessels， obstructed by blocking" （Jinkui Yaolue·Zangfu Jingluo Xianhou Bingmaizheng First）， and "damage of the heart， adjust its Yingwei". Based on the consistency of vessel-collateral as the channel of blood circulation in TCM with the blood vessels in western medicine， and guided by the Yingwei theory of vessel-collateral theory， the diagnostic criteria of syndrome differentiation of disease of vessel-collateral and vascular system represented by coronary heart disease， arrhythmia， heart failure and others was established to guide the prevention and treatment of vascular diseases. Based on the above analysis， guided by the Yingwei theory of vessel-collateral theory， and on the basis of related researches of vessel-collateral and vascular system， this paper discussed the etiology and pathogenesis of chronic coronary syndrome （CCS） in TCM. Taking useful collateral with unblocking as the treatment principle， the representative Tongluo prescription （Tongxinluo） was constructed， the research progress of Tongxinluo from various aspects such as animal experiment research， pharmacological research and clinical evidence-based research was summarized， a comprehensive system from etiology， pathogenesis， syndrome differentiation to treatment was formed， in order to provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of CCS.

Screening of pesticide residues in Traditional Chinese Medicines using modified QuEChERS sample preparation procedure and LC-MS/MS analysis.

A robust and high-throughput method was developed for the determination of 108 pesticide residues in Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) simultaneously using a combination of UHPLC-MS/MS analysis and the modified QuEChERS method. Extraction was carried out in acetonitrile containing 0.75% (v/v) acetic acid with ultrasonication for 15 min; MgSO4 and C18 were used as the dispersive-solid phase extraction sorbents. The method exhibited good linearity (r2 > 0.9901), in addition to good selectivity, precision and repeatability. More than 92% of pesticides exhibited high rates or recovery in the 70-120% range. This method showed high sensitivity, with Limits of Quantitation in the 0.01-20 ng/mL range in Cortex Moutan, and 0.01-50 ng/mL in the other TCMs. The method was employed for the analysis of 39 real samples from different habitats, and pesticides were detected in 92.3% of the samples, with 26 pesticides being detected in these three TCMs. More than four pesticides were detected in a third of the samples. Among them, tebuconazole was detected in all the three TCMs with 0.22-22.02 µg/kg concentration, which was lower than the provisions in GB 2763-2019 (50 µg/kg). In addition, the paclobutrazol detection rate in Ophiopogon japonicus was 100%, and the detected concentrations of 9 samples exceeded the Maximum Residue Levels defined for vegetables (50 µg/kg). Considering there are no regulations that govern the limits of pesticide residues in the three TCMs in China, we recommend the acceleration of efforts to introduce appropriate regulations.

Effects of electroacupuncture on insulin resistance in patients with knee arthroplasty / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of electroacupuncture on the improvement of insulin resistance after knee joint replacement based on the combined spinal and epidural anesthesia and postoperative epidural analgesia.@*METHODS@#Eighty patients with insulin resistance but normal blood glucose were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, 40 cases in each group.Both groups of patients underwent combined spinal and epidural anesthesia and postoperative epidural analgesia for knee arthroplasty. On the basis of the treatment,electroacupuncture (EA) was applied during the operation and within 1 month after the operation in the observation group, and EA was used at Hegu (LI 4), Qihai (CV 6), Zhongwan (CV 12), Pishu (BL 20), Shenshu (BL 23), etc. once every other day. The control group was not treated with electroacupuncture. Fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin were recorded 30 min before surgery (T), immediately (T), 1 d (T), 3 d (T), 7 d (T) and 1 month (T) after surgery, and the insulin resistance (IR) index was calculated.@*RESULTS@#Compared with those at T time point, the IR index of the control group at T, T, T and T time points and the observation group at T, T, T time points were lower (all <0.05). Compared with the control group at the same time point, the IR index of the T and T time points in the observation group was significantly lower (both <0.05), and it was lower than the insulin resistance standard.@*CONCLUSION@#Combined spinal and epidural anesthesia and postoperative epidural analgesia can improve short-term insulin resistance. Combined with EA, the improvement of insulin resistance is more obviously and longer.

Efficacy and mechanism of Lianhua Qingwen Capsules(LHQW) on chemotaxis of macrophages in acute lung injury (ALI) animal model / 中国中药杂志

This paper was mainly to discuss the potential role and mechanism of Lianhua Qingwen Capsules(LHQW) in inhibiting pathological inflammation in the model of acute lung injury caused by bacterial infection. For in vitro study, the mRNA expression of MCP-1 in RAW264.7 cells and THP-1 cells, the content of MCP-1 in cell supernatant, as well as the effect of LHQW on chemotaxis of macrophages were detected. For in vivo study, mice were randomly divided into 7 groups, including normal group, model group(LPS 5 mg·kg~(-1)), LHQW 300, 600 and 1 200 mg·kg~(-1)(low, middle and high dose) groups, dexamethasone 5 mg·kg~(-1) group and penicillin-streptomycin group. Then, the anal temperature was detected two hours later. Dry weight and wet weight of lung tissues in mice were determined; TNF-α and MCP-1 levels in alveolar lavage fluid and MCP-1 in serum were detected. In addition, the infiltration of alveolar macrophages was also observed and the infiltration count of alveolar macrophages was measured by CCK-8 method. HE staining was also used to observe the inflammatory infiltration of lung tissues in mice. Both of the in vitro and in vivo data consistently have confirmed that: by down-regulating the expression of MCP-1, LHWQ could efficiently decrease the chemotaxis of monocytes toward the pulmonary infection foci, thus blocking the disease development in ALI animal model.

Experience of Professor LIU Zhe for Treating Essential Tremor with Acupuncture / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To study the clinical experience of Professor LIU Zhe treatment of essential tremor with acupuncture.[Methods]The paper states Professor LIU's understanding of treating essential tremor from the pathogenesis, acupuncture points and acupuncture manipulations, then summarizes the principle, regularity, and the features of acupuncture manipulations for Professor LIU treating essential tremor of different types of syndrome, so as to elaborate the clinical experience of Professor LIU. [Result] Professor LIU Zhe considers the age-dependent deficiency of qi and blood and insufficient liver and kidney syndrome to be a common one of essential tremor, as an experienced doctor, he distinguishes different types of syndrome from sign, tongue, pulse and so on. He places great emphasis on nourishing the bone marrow and tonifying liver and kidney. According to the symptoms select acupuncture points with the effects of nourishing the bone marrow and calming the liver to stop the wind, tonifying liver and kidney and supplementing qi and nourishing blood. Professor Liu sets a high value on selecting points of head and makes use of the point of Fengchi with unique acupuncture manipulations to relax cerebrovascular. In clinically, the curative effects are remarkable. [Conclusion]The unique method for treating essential tremor of Professor LIU gives some inspirations for clinic. It is worth of a deep study and spreading.

Effect of mushroom diet on pharmacokinetics of gabapentin in healthy Chinese subjects.

AIMS: This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of gabapentin in Chinese subjects who received a diet rich in shiitake mushrooms. Shiitake mushrooms have been shown to contain high amount of ergothioneine. In vitro studies have shown that OCTN1-mediated secretion of gabapentin is trans-stimulated by ergothioneine. This study also investigated the concentrations of ergothioneine in plasma at baseline and following mushroom consumption. METHODS: Ten healthy male subjects were recruited and received a diet containing no mushrooms (treatment A) or a high mushroom diet (treatment B; after at least a 7 day washout period) 1 day prior to administration of a single oral dose of gabapentin 600 mg. RESULTS: Ingestion of shiitake mushrooms produced significant increases in plasma ergothioneine concentrations that were sustained for more than 48 h. A statistically significant but modest increase in the renal clearance (CLR ) of gabapentin occurred after intake of the mushroom diet (91.1 ± 25.1 vs. 76.9 ± 20.6 ml min(-1) , P = 0.031). No significant changes in AUC(0,tlast ) of gabapentin were observed (P = 0.726). Creatinine clearance did not correlate with CLR of gabapentin at baseline (treatment A). After ingestion of the mushroom diet, creatinine clearance accounted for 65.3% of the variance in CLR of gabapentin. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that diet-drug pharmacokinetic interactions may occur during co-exposure to gabapentin and mushroom constituents. However, as it does not affect the AUC(0,tlast ) of gabapentin, it may not have clinically important consequences. Shiitake mushrooms can also be used as a source of ergothioneine for future clinical studies.

Effect of pretreatments on the metal-ceramic bonding strength of a Pd-Ag alloy.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of surface treatments on the bonding properties between a metal and ceramic. METHODS: Sixty metal specimens were divided equally into four groups of 15 samples each. These groups received different treatments (Gr1: 250µm Al2O3+preoxidation; Gr2: 250µm Al2O3+degassing; Gr3: 120µm Al2O3+preoxidation; Gr4: 120µm Al2O3+degassing). Bond strengths were evaluated using a three-point bending test. The results were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to observe the microscopic features, elemental compositions and distributions, and diffusion in the specimens. Mechanical profiler was used to measure the roughness of metal surface. RESULTS: The bond strengths of the four groups ranged from 45.00±3.63MPa to 51.61±5.91MPa, with significant differences (P<.05). The specimen that received the pretreatment of 250µm Al2O3 air-particle abrasion+degassing had the highest bond strength. Heating under different oxygen partial pressures caused the final Pd-Ag alloys to have varying degrees of internal oxidation and different quantities of metallic nodules. None of the elements in either the ceramic or the Pd-Ag alloy layer diffused into the other layer. CONCLUSIONS: The metal-ceramic specimen subjected to air-particle abrasion with 250µm Al2O3 and degassed before porcelain firing had significantly higher bond strength than specimens treated differently.

Protection effect of Yindan Xinnaotong capsule and main compositions compatibility on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the protected effect of Yindan Xinnaotong capsule (YDXNTC) and main components compatibility on myocardium ischemia/reperfusion injury.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Global ischemia/reperfusion was adopted to induce myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) in isolated rat heart. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into control, model, YDXNTC, Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) group, ethanol extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM-E) group, aqueous extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM-H) group, mixed compatibility of other components in YDXNTC (MC), GBE and SM-E compatibility (GSEC), GBE and SM-H compatibility (GSHC), and SM-E and SM-H compatibility (SEHC). During the experiment, electrocardiogram was recorded to observe cardiac arrest time, heart resuscitation time, regaining normal rhythm time, the incidence and duration of arrhythmias (VT/VF). At the end of reperfusion, hearts were arrested and homogenated to assay the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>(1) YDXNTC, SM-E, SM-H and MC elevated cardiac arrest time, also reduced rebeating time, restoring normal rhythm time as well as the duration of arrhythmia, but no remarkable impact on VT/VF occurrence. GBE was effective for incidence of VT/VF, also achieved good effect on shortening rebeating time, restoring normal rhythm time and arrhythmia duration. Likewise, obviously reduced rebeating time, restoring normal rhythm time and arrhythmia duration, and evaluated cardiac arrest time were also exhibited in compatibility groups except that no lengthened cardiac arrest time was detected in GSHC. And the incidence of VT/VF was decreased by GSEC. (2) YDXNT, ginkgo biloba extract (GBE), ethanol extract of salvia miltiorrhiza (SM-E), GBE and SM-E compatibility (GSEC), and SM-E and aqueous extract of salvia miltiorrhiza (SM-H) compatibility (SEHC) could improved SOD and decreased MDA level SM-H, mixed compatibility of other elements in YDXNTC (MC) and GBE and SM-H compatibility (GSHC) showed a role on MDA reduction. (3) LDH was declined by YDXNT and SM-H. CK-MB was reduced by GBE, SM-E, SM-H, and GSEC. (4) The release of cTnI was only inhibited by GSEC.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>YDXNTC, primary materials and main components compatibility has a certain protection effect on MIRI, its mechanism may be related to antioxidant and calcium overload reduction.</p>

Study on preventive and therapeutic effects of combined application of yindanxinnaotong soft capsule and exercise on atherosclerotic rats / 中国中药杂志

To explore the prevention effect of the joint combination of Yindanxinnaotong soft capsule (YDXNT) and exercise (swimming) on atherosclerotic rats. The method of 3 x 3 factorial design, including two factors (YDXNT and swimming) and three levels (0, 1, 2 g x kg(-1) YDXNT; 0, 0.5, 1 h swimming), was mainly adopted. The atherosclerotic rat model was established by ligating their left common carotid arteries and feeding high-fat diet. After 8 weeks, blood samples were collected from their thoracic aorta to determine blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, fibrinogen (FIB), nitric oxide (NO), 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) endothelin (ET) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2). The tissues of left common carotid arteries of the rats were collected to detect the positive expression of SM22alpha and determine the semi-quantitation through the immunohistochemical staining. The result showed that the combination of YDXNT and swimming can significantly decrease the plasma viscosity (F = 3.241, P = 0.017), the high and low shear blood viscosity (F = 6.444, P = 0.001; F = 3.002, P = 0.024) and FIB (F = 4.046, P = 0.005). The increased NO and 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) and the decreased ET and TXB2 indicated a significant interaction (P < 0.05). The swimming showed an obvious main effect in the expression of up-regulated protein SM22alpha (F = 8.088, P = 0.001). The study suggested that the combined administration of YDXNT and swimming could improve the hemorheological parameters of atherosclerotic rats, protect the vascular endothelium, inhibit the vascular remodeling in atherosclerosis and positively prevent the atherosclerosis.

Influence of early acupuncture intervention combined with functional training on quality of life for patients with stroke / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the effect of early acupuncture intervention combined with functional training on quality of life for patients with stroke.Methods 110 stroke patients were randomly divided into the observation group and control group,55 cases in each group.The control group received conventional hospital treatment and related functions training,while the observation group was given early acupuncture interventions and related treatment on the basis of the control group.All the patients were treated for 1 month.At the end of treatment and 3 months after discharge,their quality of life score (SS-QOL) were compared.Results The SS-QOL scores showed significant improvement in all aspects than before treatment,the differences were statistically significant(control group t =6.009,7.126,observation group t =6.140,7.092,all P ＜0.05).The improvement of SS-QOL scores of the observation group was significantly better than the control group (t =5.448,7.036,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Early acupuncture intervention combined with functional training can significantly improve the day-to-day quality of life,and it is worth further promoted in clinical.

Diagnosis and treatment of tumor-associated gastrocolic fistula: a report of 4 cases / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of tumor associated gastrocolic fistula (GCF).Methods The records of the 4 patients with GCF between August 2008 to February 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Three female and one male patients,those whose average age were 61 years,have been pathologically diagnosed postoperatively as gastrocolic fistula caused by malignant diseases.The main clinical symptoms were diarrhea (3 cases),fecal vomitus (3 cases),weight loss (4 cases),and abdominal pain (4 cases).Positive diagnostic tests for GCF included gastroscope (3 cases),colonoscope (1 case),barium enema (1 case),upper gastrointestinal contrast (2 cases).Results En-bloc resection of the involved gastrocolic region have been performed for all,2 patients underwent radical gastrectomy and colon resection and 2 patients were taken on palliative procedure.Pathology indicated adenocarcinoma all,Immunohistochemical detection for CK20,CDX-2 were applied for identifying the originations of tumors.Delayed gastric emptying and DIC occurred in one patient who died in 3 months after the operation,anastomotic leakages were found in 2 cases.The survival patients were all discharged and taken capecitabine combined with Oxaliplatin for chemotherapy.Conclusions Endaoscopy and gastrointestinal imaging are main evidences for diagnosis of GCF.En-bloc resection of the involved gastrocolic region were recommended,enterostomy was safer than entero-anastomosis in one stage procedure.The originations of tumors may be identifying according to the pathological characteristic and CDX-2,CK20 staining.Adjuvant chemotherapy should be applied.

[Cloning, expression and functional identification of a type III polyketide synthase gene from Huperzia serrata].

A cDNA encoding novel type III polyketide synthase (PKS) was cloned and sequenced from young leaves of Chinese club moss Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trev. by RT-PCR using degenerated primers based on the conserved sequences of known CHSs, and named as H. serrata PKS2. The terminal sequences of cDNA were obtained by the 3'- and 5'-RACE method. The full-length cDNA of H. serrata PKS2 contained a 1212 bp open reading frame encoding a 46.4 kDa protein with 404 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of H. serrata PKS2 showed 50%-66% identities to those of other chalcone synthase super family enzymes of plant origin. The recombinant H. serrata PKS2 was functionally expressed in Escherichia coli with an additional hexahistidine tag at the N-terminus and showed unusually versatile catalytic potency to produce various aromatic tetraketides, including chalcones, benzophenones, phloroglucinols, and acridones. In particular, the enzyme accepted bulky starter substrates N-methylanthraniloyl-CoA, and carried out three condensations with malonyl-CoA to produce 1, 3-dihydroxy-N-methylacridone. Interestingly, H. serrata PKS2 lacks most of the consensus active site sequences with acridone synthase from Ruta graveolens (Rutaceae).

Cloning, expression and functional identification of a type III polyketide synthase gene from Huperzia serrata / 药学学报

A cDNA encoding novel type III polyketide synthase (PKS) was cloned and sequenced from young leaves of Chinese club moss Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trev. by RT-PCR using degenerated primers based on the conserved sequences of known CHSs, and named as H. serrata PKS2. The terminal sequences of cDNA were obtained by the 3'- and 5'-RACE method. The full-length cDNA of H. serrata PKS2 contained a 1212 bp open reading frame encoding a 46.4 kDa protein with 404 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of H. serrata PKS2 showed 50%-66% identities to those of other chalcone synthase super family enzymes of plant origin. The recombinant H. serrata PKS2 was functionally expressed in Escherichia coli with an additional hexahistidine tag at the N-terminus and showed unusually versatile catalytic potency to produce various aromatic tetraketides, including chalcones, benzophenones, phloroglucinols, and acridones. In particular, the enzyme accepted bulky starter substrates N-methylanthraniloyl-CoA, and carried out three condensations with malonyl-CoA to produce 1, 3-dihydroxy-N-methylacridone. Interestingly, H. serrata PKS2 lacks most of the consensus active site sequences with acridone synthase from Ruta graveolens (Rutaceae).

Recent pharmacological study on sanshengwan decoction / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the pharmacological function of Sanshengwan decoction with modern medical and rheological techniques, and also to discuss the differences between injury blood stasis syndrome and yang deficiency blood stasis syndrome.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Animal model for injury blood stasis syndrome was found by bruise; Animal model for yang deficiency blood stasis syndrome was done by exhausting the animals in a - 15 degrees C freezer for 4 hours.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Blood fibrinogen content, platelet aggregation and blood coagulation time were significantly increased, plasma viscosity and blood coagulation slope was significantly decreased in injury blood stasis syndrome group. Blood fibrinogen content, platelet aggregation and blood coagulation time were dropped markedly. Blood coagulation slope was raised noticeably in yang deficiency blood stasis syndrome group. Sanshengwan decoction behaved very good effects on removing blood stasis on both of the two kinds of animal models.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Though hemorheological index and experimental data in the two kinds of animal models were behaved statistically significance, but the experimental representative indexes were obviously difference. Sanshengwan the tipical herbal medicine for eliminating blood stasis syndrome showed significantly effects on both of the two kinds of animal models, but the effects on injury blood stasis syndrome group was better than the other animal model's.</p>