Intervención breve basada en ACT y mindfulness: estudio piloto con profesionales de enfermería en UCI y Urgencias / Brief intervention based on ACT and mindfulness: pilot study with nursing staff in intensive care unit and emergency services

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Nurses develop their work in a highly stressful context, where their emotional, attentional and well-being resources are frequently impaired. Because the health care work context is a dynamic and changing context, it is necessary to continue implementing and evaluating the efficacy of brief interventions that consider the organizational needs. The aim of the current paper is showing the result of a pilot study, which implemented and assessed the efficacy of a brief intervention based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Mindfulness to improve nurses levels of psychological flexibility, mindfulness and well-being. Intervention was conducted in a public and tertiary-level hospital in Madrid, specifically in their Intensive Care Units and Emergency Room. For this pilot study, 50 nurses were randomly selected of a total professional population of 164. They were assigned to two groups: the experimental and the waiting-list group. Between-group comparison showed that the intervention had significant benefits in terms of vitality and purpose of life among participants when compared with controls. Intra-group comparisons also showed significant benefits on nurses’ psychological flexibility and negative affect when both groups received the intervention. The intervention also significantly changed nurses’ vitality at follow-up. These results were discussed in terms of strengths and limitations that a brief intervention of these characteristics could have in the work context (AU)

Determination of selected parabens, benzophenones, triclosan and triclocarban in agricultural soils after and before treatment with compost from sewage sludge: A lixiviation study.

An accurate and sensitive method for the determination of selected EDCs in soil and compost from wastewater treatment plants is developed and validated. Five parabens, six benzophenone-UV filters and the antibacterials triclosan and triclocarban were selected as target analytes. The parameters for ultrasound-assisted extraction were thoroughly optimized. After extraction, the analytes were detected and quantified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Ethylparaben (ring-(13)C6 labelled) and deuterated benzophenone (BP-d10) were used as internal standards. The method was validated using matrix-matched calibration and recovery assays with spiked samples. The limits of detection ranged from 0.03 to 0.40 ng g(-1) and the limits of quantification from 0.1 to 1.0 ng g(-1), while precision in terms of relative standard deviation was between 9% and 21%. Recovery rates ranged from 83% to 107%. The validated method was applied for the study of the behavior of the selected compounds in agricultural soils treated and un-treated with compost from WWTP. A lixiviation study was developed in both agricultural soil and treated soil and first order kinetic models of their disappearance at different depths are proposed. The application of organic composts in the soil leads to an increase of the disappearance rate of the studied compounds. The lixiviation study also shows the risk of pollution of groundwater aquifers after disposal or waste of these EDCs in agricultural soils is not high.

Vitiligo induced by specific immunotherapy with grass pollen: the Koebner phenomenon

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Improved sample treatment for the determination of 17 strong sorbed quinolone antibiotics from compost by ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

The use of compost from sewage sludge for agricultural application is nowadays increasing, since composting is recognized as one of the most important recycling options for this material, being a source of nutrients for plants but also of contamination by persistent pollutants. In the present work, a multi-residue analytical method for the determination of 17 quinolone antibiotic residues in compost using multivariate optimization strategies and ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed. It is based on the use of microwave-assisted extraction at drastic conditions with ACN:m-phosphoric acid (1% w/v) for 5 min at 120°C, in order to achieve a quantitative extraction of the compounds (>76% of extraction recovery). Extracts were cleaned-up by salt-assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) with NaCl at pH 1.5 (with HClO4) and then using a dispersive sorbent (PSA). After LC separation, the MS conditions, in positive electrospray ionization mode (ESI), were individually optimized for each analyte to obtain maximum sensitivity in the selected reaction monitoring mode (SRM). The analytes were separated in less than 7 min. Cincophen was used as surrogate standard. The limits of detection ranged from 0.2 to 0.5 ng g(-1), and the limits of the quantification from 0.5 to 1.5 ng g(-1), while intra- and inter-day variability (% RSD) was under 7% in all cases. A recovery assay was performed with spiked samples. Recoveries ranging from 95.3% to 106.2% were obtained. Cleanup procedure reduced significantly matrix effects, which constitutes an important achievement, considering the important drawbacks of matrix components in quality and validation parameters. This method was applied to several commercial compost samples. Only 6 of the studied antibiotics were not detected in any of the samples. The antibiotics with the highest concentrations were ciprofloxacin (836 ng g(-1)), ofloxacin (719 ng g(-1)), and enrofloxacin (674 ng g(-1)), which were also the only ones found in all the analyzed samples. The results showed that this method could also be potentially adapted for the analysis of other strong sorbed basic pharmaceuticals in solid environmental matrices.

Medicinas complementarias, alternativas e integradora: encuenta sobre conocimiento, uso y opinión en el personal de enfermería de un hospital pediátrico de alta complejidad / Complementary, alternative and integrative medicines: survey on knowledge, use and opinion of the nursing staff of a high complexity pediatric hospital

La medicina alternativa y complementaria (MAC) es un conjunto de sistemas, prácticas, productos médicos y de atención de la salud que no se considera actualmente parte de la medicina convencional. La medicina integradora combina ambas, con datos científicos de alta calidad sobre seguridad y eficacia. El objetivo de este estudio es explorar el nivel de conocimiento, uso y opiniones sobre las MAC entre el personal estable de enfermería de un hospital pediátrico de alta complejidad. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal obtenido mediante encuesta semiestructurada, auto administrada, voluntaria y anónima de 4 módulos: datos personales de conocimiento, usos y opiniones. Población muestra: 200 enfermeros del Hospital Garrahan sobre un total de 870 (muestreo probabilístico sistemático IC 95 por ciento, prevalencia: 50 por ciento, índice de amplitud: 0.10 a 0.05), del 11/2007 al 07/2008. Resultados: Edad (media más menos DS): 42 más menos 10 años (rango: 25 - 65). Para el 90 por ciento de los encuestados la MAC resultaría útil como complemento de la medicina convencional. Si solo se considera a quienes nunca realizaron prácticas relacionadas a la MAC (55% de los encuestados), esta evaluación arroja un 82 por ciento. El 80 por ciento requieren mayor información. Conclusiónes: El grupo manifiesta actitudes favorables hacia la MAC, pero el conocimiento es muy limitado. Hay un alto grado de interes en lograr mayor formación.

Medicinas complementarias, alternativas e integradora: encuenta sobre conocimiento, uso y opinión en el personal de enfermería de un hospital pediátrico de alta complejidad / Complementary and alternative medicine and integrated care: survey on knowledge about, use of and opinion on CAM among staff nurses in a tertiary care pediatric hospital

La medicina alternativa y complementaria (MAC) es un conjunto de sistemas, prácticas, productos médicos y de atención de la salud que no se considera actualmente parte de la medicina convencional. La medicina integradora combina ambas, con datos científicos de alta calidad sobre seguridad y eficacia. El objetivo de este estudio es explorar el nivel de conocimiento, uso y opiniones sobre las MAC entre el personal estable de enfermería de un hospital pediátrico de alta complejidad. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal obtenido mediante encuesta semiestructurada, auto administrada, voluntaria y anónima de 4 módulos: datos personales de conocimiento, usos y opiniones. Población muestra: 200 enfermeros del Hospital Garrahan sobre un total de 870 (muestreo probabilístico sistemático IC 95 por ciento, prevalencia: 50 por ciento, índice de amplitud: 0.10 a 0.05), del 11/2007 al 07/2008. Resultados: Edad (media más menos DS): 42 más menos 10 años (rango: 25 - 65). Para el 90 por ciento de los encuestados la MAC resultaría útil como complemento de la medicina convencional. Si solo se considera a quienes nunca realizaron prácticas relacionadas a la MAC (55% de los encuestados), esta evaluación arroja un 82 por ciento. El 80 por ciento requieren mayor información. Conclusiónes: El grupo manifiesta actitudes favorables hacia la MAC, pero el conocimiento es muy limitado. Hay un alto grado de interes en lograr mayor formación.(AU)

Occurrence, co-occurrence and topographic distribution of choline acetyl transferase, Met-enkephalin and neurotensin in the stellate ganglion of the cat.

The presence of the classical ganglionic transmitter acetylcholine (ACh), its occurrence and possible co-occurrence with the neuromodulator peptides methionine enkephalin (Met-ENK) and neurotensin (NT), as well as the possible coexistence of these peptides in the preganglionic axon terminals of the cat stellate ganglia were investigated with light and confocal microscopy using immunofluorescence. Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), Met-ENK, and NT immunoreactivity was detected with light microscopy in axon terminals near tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactive (IR) cells. Cell bodies immunopositive for ChAT or Met-ENK were also detected and were TH-negative or TH-positive. Denervation by sectioning preganglionic axons produced two effects: the almost complete elimination of IR fibers and an increase in the number of ChATIR and Met-ENKIR cell bodies, together with the appearance of NTIR cell bodies. Preganglionic ChATIR fibers and boutons form a dense network throughout the entire ganglion, with a homogeneous regional distribution. ChAT, Met-ENK, and NT are essentially stored in different nerve endings, although a low level of co-occurrence was detected. NTIR and Met-ENKIR networks of boutons were observed to have independent and somewhat complementary regional distributions. Further analysis with simultaneous triple labeling for NT, Met-ENK, and TH, and confocal microscopy showed fibers and boutons containing Met-ENK or NT reached distinct neurons separately, or both converge onto the same cells. This finding suggests that modulation (the facilitation-inhibition balance) of ganglionic transmission is achieved mainly by the selective and complementary innervation of boutons containing NT (facilitation) and Met-ENK (inhibition) and only rarely by terminals which coexpress both peptides.

Effect of olive ripeness on the oxidative stability of virgin olive oil extracted from the varieties picual and hojiblanca and on the different components involved.

The initial stability of virgin olive oil depends on various factors, among which are the variety and the degree of fruit ripeness. The former, which genetically determines the composition of the olive and its oil, also marks, to some extent, its stability. However, oil stability changes as the olive ripens, so it is obvious that the degree of ripeness is an important factor. The oils were obtained by the Abencor system. Acidity, peroxide index, UV absorption at 232 and 270 nm, sensory analysis, fatty acid composition, tocopherols, phenolic compounds, orthodiphenolic compounds, sterols, pigments, and oxidative stability were determined, and the results were analyzed statistically. During ripening there was a decrease in all of the parameters studied except linoleic acid, Delta-5-avenasterol, and oil content, which increased. Virgin oils showed very good correlation between stability and the concentrations of total phenols, o-diphenols, tocopherols, chlorophyll pigments and carotenoids, linoleic and linolenic acids, total sterols, beta-sitosterol, and Delta-5-avenasterol.

Tratamiento trombolítico en infarto agudo al miocardio posteroinferior / Thromolythic treatment in posteroinferior acute micardium infarction

Antecedentes. Con el advenimiento de la trombólisis (TBL), numerosas publicaciones han observado su utilidad en el infarto al miocardio (IAM). Objetivo. Conocer los beneficios de la trombólisis en el IAM posteroinferior y describir el efecto de este tratamiento sobre la estancia y la mortalidad hospitalaria. Material y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo, transversal, observacional, para comparar la trombólisis y el tratamiento conservador en 39 y 25 pacientes, respectivamente, del Hospital Angeles del Pedregal de 1989 a 1995, en relación con los días de estancia intrahospitalaria, complicaciones y mortalidad. Resultados. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticas significativas, pero sí en el porcentual. Conclusión. La significancia clínica de la trombólisis en infarto agudo al miocardio posteroinferior en nuestra población, necesita probarse en un estudio de mayor número de pacientes

Evaluación y tratamiento de la ictericia neonatal: algoritmo para el manejo del niño hijo de madre Rh negativo sensibilizada / Evaluation and processing of the neonative ictericia; algorithm for the handling of the young son of negative Rh mother

Analiza que la ictericia es uno de los problemas más comunes en el neonato. Los métodos de diagnóstico se han perfeccionado y es posible conocer su etiología en un alto porcentaje de casos. Se ha debatido mucho acerca de las secuelas a largo plazo del exceso de bilirrubina en el suero y en los tejidos del niño y esto motivó, en el pasado, esquemas de tratamiento que con seguridad ofrecieron terapéutica a niños que no la necesitaron. Los conceptos se han revisado y se han cuestionado las indicaciones de fototerapia, medicamentos y exanguíneo transfusión en el recién ncadio a término saludable. Es importante en esta materia considerar por separado al niño de pretérmino, al que muestra signos de enfermedad subyacente y al que tiene hemólisis. La Academia Americana de Pediatría, a través de uno de sus comités especializados ha propuesto un algoritmo que sistematiza y simplifica el manejo de este problema en el neonato sano. La enfermedad hemolítica en el hijo de madre Rh negativo sensibilizada es una patología que aun se observa en nuestro medio y esto, más lo expresado en el párrafo anterior, motivaron la construcción de un algoritmo que permita unificar el manejo y evitar el despilfarro de recursos que representa la realización de pruebas de laboratorio caras y numerosas.