RESUMO
Fermented microalgae Pavlova lutheri (P. lutheri), the product of Hansenula polymorpha fermentation, exhibited an increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in MG63 osteoblastic cells when compared to that of nonfermented P. lutheri. Fractionation of the fermented P. lutheri resulted in identification of the active peptide [peptide of P. lutheri fermentation (PPLF)] with the sequence of EPQWFL. PPLF significantly increased ALP release from MG63 cells and mineralization in a dosedependent manner. In addition, the intracellular levels of ALP and osteocalcin (OCN) proteins were augmented by PPLF treatment. To identify the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of PPLF on osteoblastic differentiation, the phosphorylation levels of the mitogenactivated protein kinases, p38, extracellular signalregulated kinases 1/2 and Jun, and nuclear factor (NF)κB were determined following PPLF treatment and the differences in expression were analyzed using p38 and NFκB selective inhibitors. These results concluded that PPLF from fermented P. lutheri induced osteoblastic differentiation by increasing ALP and OCN release in MG63 cells via the p38/p65 signaling pathway, indicating that PPLF supplement may be effective for therapeutic application in the field of bone health.
Assuntos
Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Haptófitas/química , Microalgas/química , Osteoblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Fosfatase Alcalina/metabolismo , Calcificação Fisiológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular , Fermentação , Humanos , Osteoblastos/citologia , Osteocalcina/metabolismo , Peptídeos/químicaRESUMO
Marine polysaccharides have been found as the principle component in cell wall structures of seaweeds or exoskeletons of crustaceans. Due to numerous pharmaceutical properties of marine polysaccharides such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antitumor, antiobesity, antidiabetes, anticoagulant, antiviral, immunomodulatory, cardioprotective, and antihepatopathy activities, they have been applied in many fields of biomaterials, food, cosmetic, and pharmacology. Recently, several marine polysaccharides such alginate, porphyran, fucoidan, and chitin and its derivatives have been evidenced as downregulators of allergic responses due to enhancement of innate immune system, alteration of Th1/Th2 balance forward to Th1 cells, inhibition of IgE production, and suppression of mast cell degranulation. This contribution, therefore, focuses on antiallergic properties of marine polysaccharides and emphasizes their potential application as bioactive food ingredients as well as nutraceuticals for prevention of allergic disorders.
Assuntos
Alginatos/farmacologia , Quitina/farmacologia , Hipersensibilidade/tratamento farmacológico , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Alga Marinha/química , Sefarose/análogos & derivados , Alginatos/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antivirais/química , Antivirais/farmacologia , Quitina/análogos & derivados , Quitina/química , Quitosana/química , Quitosana/farmacologia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Ácido Glucurônico/química , Ácido Glucurônico/farmacologia , Ácidos Hexurônicos/química , Ácidos Hexurônicos/farmacologia , Hipersensibilidade/imunologia , Imunoglobulina E/imunologia , Mastócitos/imunologia , Oligossacarídeos , Polissacarídeos/química , Sefarose/química , Sefarose/farmacologia , Equilíbrio Th1-Th2RESUMO
Marine microalgae have been reported as valuable new sources of pharmacologically active compounds and there are now numerous commercial applications of microalgae. Hence, in this study we evaluated the protective effects of peptides purified from marine microalgae, Navicula incerta, against alcohol-induced damage in HepG2/CYP2E1 cells. To obtain bioactive peptides from microalgae, N. incerta was hydrolysed using various enzymes (alcalase, α-chymotrypsin, neutrase, papain, pepsin, pronase-E and trypsin), and the hydrolysates were evaluated for cytoprotective activity. Among them, papain-derived hydrolysate exhibited higher antioxidant activities than those of other enzymes. Therefore, papain hydrolysate was purified in order to obtain potent antihepatotoxic and antioxidative peptides. The amino acid sequences of the purified peptides were analysed as; NIPP-1 (Pro-Gly-Trp-Asn-Gln-Trp-Phe-Leu) with molecular mass 1 171 Da, and NIPP-2 (Val-Glu-Val-Leu-Pro-Pro-Ala-Glu-Leu) with molecular mass 1108 Da. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that NIPP-1 and NIPP-2 peptides inhibited ethanol-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2/CYP2E1 cells.