Effect of Spatone Supplement on Endurance Capacity and Inflammatory Cytokines in a Rapid Weight Control Program in University Wrestlers: A Pilot Study.

In this pilot study, we investigated the effect of spatone, a naturally occurring mineral water supplement, on endurance capacity and inflammatory cytokines in wrestlers undergoing a rapid weight control program. Nine amateur university wrestlers participated and were randomly divided into placebo- and spatone-treated groups. The study used a crossover design, including a 4-week washout period. The rapid weight control program was focused on body weight loss, while maintaining their athletic performance (muscular strength and cardiovascular endurance). The initial body weight was 87.19 ± 2.45 kg in the spatone-treated group and 86.60 ± 3.01 kg in the placebo group. After the rapid weight control program, the body weight decreased to 83.56 ± 2.71 kg (4.21% decrease) in the spatone-treated group and 82.95 ± 2.97 kg (4.16% decrease) in the placebo group. However, there were no significant differences in body weight or body composition between placebo- and spatone-treated groups. Endurance capacity improved significantly in terms of VO2max and lactate accumulation after spatone supplement. The interleukin (IL)-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and IL-6 concentrations were not altered with spatone treatment or placebo in the rapid weight-loss condition; however, a positive relationship (R = 0.643, P = .023) was observed between the change in IL-6 and VO2max. Thus, our results are consistent with prior studies in that spatone supplementation could protect against iron loss induced by intense training, considering that spatone affects the modulation of inflammatory cytokines and exercise capacity. These preliminary results serve to facilitate the planning for the nutritional application of spatone with their exercise program for wrestlers.

Effects of an integrated health education and elastic band resistance training program on physical function and muscle strength in community-dwelling elderly women: Healthy Aging and Happy Aging II study.

AIM: In the present study, we determined the effect of an integrated health education and elastic band resistance training program on body composition, physical function, muscle strength and quality in community-dwelling elderly women. METHODS: We recruited participants with eligibility inclusion criteria, and randomly assigned them to either the control group (n = 19) or the intervention group (n = 19). The integrated intervention program comprised of health education and individual counseling, and elastic band training for 18 weeks (8 weeks of supervised training and 10 weeks of self-directed training). We assessed body composition, muscle strength and quality, and physical function at pre-, after 8 weeks (mid-) and 18 weeks (post-training). RESULTS: After the intervention, there were no significant changes in skeletal muscle index, fat free mass, total lean mass and total fat mass for both the control group and intervention group. However, the interaction effect was significantly different in SPPB score (P < 0.05), isokinetic strength (60 deg/s, P < 0.001; 120 deg/s; P < 0.05) and muscle quality (P < 0.05) after 18 weeks of intervention relative to the baseline of the control and intervention groups. The supervised elastic band training of 8 weeks did not improve short physical performance battery score and isokinetic strength, whereas there was a significant increase of those outcomes (10.6% improvement, 9.8~23.5% improvement) after 10 weeks of following self-directed exercise compared with the baseline. CONCLUSIONS: These results show the effectiveness of following self-directed resistance training with health education after supervised training cessation in improvement of short physical performance battery and leg muscle strength. This intervention program might be an effective method to promote muscle strength and quality, and to prevent frailty in elderly women. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 825-833.

The synergic effect of regular exercise and resveratrol on kainate-induced oxidative stress and seizure activity in mice.

The synergic effect of regular exercise and resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound with potent antioxidant activity, was investigated against kainate-induced seizures and oxidative stress in mice. After 6 weeks of swimming training, the total body weight decreased and the blood concentration of lactate stabilized statistically in comparison with the sedentary mice, indicate that the training program increased the aerobic resistance of mice. Kainate (30 mg/kg) evoked seizure activity 5 min after injection, and seizure activity was measured seizure rating scores every 5 min up to 2 h. As previously well known experiments, regular exercise and resveratrol (40 mg/kg, daily supplementation for 6 weeks) have an inhibitory effect on kainate-induced seizure activity and oxidative stress. In particularly, a synergistic cooperation of regular exercise and resveratrol was observed in seizure activity, mortality and oxidative stress especially in SOD activity. These results suggest that regular exercise along with an anti-convulsant agent such as resveratrol could be a more efficient method for the prevention of seizure development than exercise alone.

Inhibition of Kv4.3 by genistein via a tyrosine phosphorylation-independent mechanism.

The effects of genistein, a protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor, on voltage-dependent K(+) (Kv) 4.3 channel were examined using the whole cell patch-clamp techniques. Genistein inhibited Kv4.3 in a reversible, concentration-dependent manner with an IC(50) of 124.78 µM. Other PTK inhibitors (tyrphostin 23, tyrphostin 25, lavendustin A) had no effect on genistein-induced inhibition of Kv4.3. Orthovanadate, an inhibitor of protein phosphatases, did not reverse the inhibition of Kv4.3 by genistein. We also tested the effects of two inactive structural analogs: genistin and daidzein. Whereas Kv4.3 was unaffected by genistin, daidzein inhibited Kv4.3, albeit with a lower potency. Genistein did not affect the activation and inactivation kinetics of Kv4.3. Genistein-induced inhibition of Kv4.3 was voltage dependent with a steep increase over the channel opening voltage range. In the full-activation voltage range positive to +20 mV, no voltage-dependent inhibition was found. Genistein had no significant effect on steady-state activation, but shifted the voltage dependence of the steady-state inactivation of Kv4.3 in the hyperpolarizing direction in a concentration-dependent manner. The K(i) for the interaction between genistein and the inactivated state of Kv4.3, which was estimated from the concentration-dependent shift in the steady-state inactivation curve, was 1.17 µM. Under control conditions, closed-state inactivation was fitted to a single exponential function, and genistein accelerated closed-state inactivation. Genistein induced a weak use-dependent inhibition. These results suggest that genistein directly inhibits Kv4.3 by interacting with the closed-inactivated state of Kv4.3 channels. This effect is not mediated via inhibition of the PTK activity, because other types of PTK inhibitors could not prevent the inhibitory action of genistein.