Assuntos
Ácidos Carbocíclicos/uso terapêutico , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Farmacorresistência Viral , Guanidinas/uso terapêutico , Vírus da Influenza B/genética , Influenza Humana/diagnóstico , Adulto , Dibenzotiepinas/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Indonésia , Vírus da Influenza B/isolamento & purificação , Influenza Humana/tratamento farmacológico , Influenza Humana/virologia , Japão , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Morfolinas/uso terapêutico , Mutação , Neuraminidase/metabolismo , Piranos/uso terapêutico , Piridonas/uso terapêutico , Ácidos Siálicos/uso terapêutico , Triazinas/uso terapêutico , Zanamivir/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
The novel cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir marboxil was approved for the treatment of influenza virus infection in Japan in February 2018. Two influenza A(H3N2) viruses carrying an I38T substitution in the polymerase acidic subunit (PA) were detected in baloxavir-treated children in December 2018. This mutation is known to confer reduced susceptibility to baloxavir, and the two mutant viruses exhibited 76- and 120-fold reduced susceptibility to baloxavir.
Assuntos
Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Endonucleases/antagonistas & inibidores , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/efeitos dos fármacos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/genética , Influenza Humana/tratamento farmacológico , Oxazinas/uso terapêutico , Piridinas/uso terapêutico , Tiepinas/uso terapêutico , Triazinas/uso terapêutico , Substituição de Aminoácidos/genética , Antivirais/administração & dosagem , Dibenzotiepinas , Farmacorresistência Viral/efeitos dos fármacos , Farmacorresistência Viral/genética , Endonucleases/genética , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/isolamento & purificação , Influenza Humana/diagnóstico , Japão , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Morfolinas , Piridonas , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
A reassortant influenza virus, A/duck/Hokkaido/Vac-1/2004 (H5N1) (Dk/Vac-1/04), was generated between non-pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated from migratory ducks in Asia. Dk/Vac-1/04 (H5N1) virus particles propagated in embryonated chicken eggs were inactivated with formalin and adjuvanted with mineral oil to form a water-in-oil emulsion. The resulting vaccine was injected intramuscularly into chickens. The chickens were challenged with either of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus strains A/chicken/Yamaguchi/7/2004 (H5N1) or A/swan/Mongolia/3/2005 (H5N1) at 21 days post-vaccination (p. v.), when the geometric mean serum HI titers of the birds was 64 with the challenge virus strains. The vaccinated chickens were protected from manifestation of disease signs upon challenge with either of the highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. However, challenge virus was recovered at low titers from the birds at 2 and 4 days post-challenge (p.c.). All 3 chickens challenged at 6 days p.v. died, whereas 3 chickens challenged at 8 days p.v. survived. These results indicate that the present vaccine confers clinical protection and reduction of virus shedding against highly pathogenic avian influenza virus challenge and should be useful as an optional tool in emergency cases.