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1.
Cancer Lett ; 588: 216740, 2024 Apr 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38423247

RESUMO

Lymph node dissection has been a long-standing diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for metastatic cancers. However, questions over myriad related complications and survival outcomes are continuously debated. Immunotherapy, particularly neoadjuvant immunotherapy, has revolutionized the conventional paradigm of cancer treatment, yet has benefited only a fraction of patients. Emerging evidence has unveiled the role of lymph nodes as pivotal responders to immunotherapy, whose absence may contribute to drastic impairment in treatment efficacy, again posing challenges over excessive lymph node dissection. Hence, centering around this theme, we concentrate on the mechanisms of immune activation in lymph nodes and provide an overview of minimally invasive lymph node metastasis diagnosis, current best practices for activating lymph nodes, and the prognostic outcomes of omitting lymph node dissection. In particular, we discuss the potential for future comprehensive cancer treatment with effective activation of immunotherapy driven by lymph node preservation and highlight the challenges ahead to achieve this goal.


Assuntos
Excisão de Linfonodo , Linfonodos , Humanos , Linfonodos/patologia , Prognóstico , Metástase Linfática/patologia , Imunoterapia
2.
Front Plant Sci ; 15: 1332460, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38379941

RESUMO

Corydalis saxicola, an endangered medicinal plant endemic to karst habitats, is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine to treat hepatitis, abdominal pain, bleeding hemorrhoids and other conditions. However, to date, the mitochondrial (mt) genome of C. saxicola has not been reported, which limits our understanding of the genetic and biological mechanisms of C. saxicola. Here, the mt genome of C. saxicola was assembled by combining the Nanopore and Illumina reads. The mt genome of C. saxicola is represented by a circular chromosome which is 587,939 bp in length, with an overall GC content of 46.50%. 40 unique protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes and three rRNA genes were identified. Codon usage of the PCGs was investigated and 167 simple sequence repeats were identified. Twelve homologous fragments were identified between the mt and ct genomes of C. saxicola, accounting for 1.04% of the entire mt genome. Phylogenetic examination of the mt genomes of C. saxicola and 30 other taxa provided an understanding of their evolutionary relationships. We also predicted 779 RNA editing sites in 40 C. saxicola mt PCGs and successfully validated 506 (65%) of these using PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing. In addition, we transcriptionally profiled 24 core mt PCGs in C. saxicola roots treated with different concentrations of CaCl2, as well as in other organs. These investigations will be useful for effective utilization and molecular breeding, and will also provide a reference for further studies of the genus Corydalis.

3.
Iran J Basic Med Sci ; 27(3): 297-303, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38333759

RESUMO

Objectives: Salidroside (SAL), an active ingredient purified from the medicinal plant Rhodiola rosea, has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anticancer, and neuroprotective properties. The study aims to examine SAL's protective role in liver damage brought on by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Materials and Methods: Six to eight-week-old male C57BL/6 wild-type mice were intraperitoneally treated with 10 mg/kg LPS for 24 hr and 50 mg/kg SAL two hours before LPS administration. Mice were categorized into control, LPS, and LPS + SAL groups. To evaluate liver injury, biochemical and TUNNEL staining test studies were performed. The Elisa assay analyzed interleukin- 1ß (IL-1ß), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) pro-inflammatory cytokine expression levels. RT-qPCR and western blotting measured mRNA and protein expression of SIRT1, NF-кB, NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, and GSDMD, respectively. Results: Analysis of the serum alanine/aspartate aminotransferases (ALT/AST), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) revealed that SAL protected against hepatotoxicity induced by LPS. The pathological evaluation of the liver supported the protection provided by SAL. SAL treatment reversed IL-1ß, TNF-α, and IL-6 pro-inflammatory cytokines after being induced by LPS (all, P<0.001). The western blotting examination results demonstrated that SAL increased the levels of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression but markedly reduced the phosphorylation of Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-B) and the expressions of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, and gasdermin D (GSDMD) induced by LPS (all, P<0.001). Conclusion: Our results speculated that by inhibiting the SIRT1- NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome, SAL defends against LPS-induced liver injury and inflammation.

4.
Acta Pharmacol Sin ; 44(12): 2347-2357, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37532784

RESUMO

SARS-CoV-2 infection causes injuries of not only the lungs but also the heart and endothelial cells in vasculature of multiple organs, and induces systemic inflammation and immune over-reactions, which makes COVID-19 a disease phenome that simultaneously affects multiple systems. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are intrinsic risk and causative factors for severe COVID-19 comorbidities and death. The wide-spread infection and reinfection of SARS-CoV-2 variants and the long-COVID may become a new common threat to human health and propose unprecedented impact on the risk factors, pathophysiology, and pharmacology of many diseases including CVD for a long time. COVID-19 has highlighted the urgent demand for precision medicine which needs new knowledge network to innovate disease taxonomy for more precise diagnosis, therapy, and prevention of disease. A deeper understanding of CVD in the setting of COVID-19 phenome requires a paradigm shift from the current phenotypic study that focuses on the virus or individual symptoms to phenomics of COVID-19 that addresses the inter-connectedness of clinical phenotypes, i.e., clinical phenome. Here, we summarize the CVD manifestations in the full clinical spectrum of COVID-19, and the phenome-wide association study of CVD interrelated to COVID-19. We discuss the underlying biology for CVD in the COVID-19 phenome and the concept of precision medicine with new phenomic taxonomy that addresses the overall pathophysiological responses of the body to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also briefly discuss the unique taxonomy of disease as Zheng-hou patterns in traditional Chinese medicine, and their potential implications in precision medicine of CVD in the post-COVID-19 era.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Humanos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/genética , Fenômica , Medicina de Precisão , SARS-CoV-2/genética , Síndrome de COVID-19 Pós-Aguda , Células Endoteliais
5.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol ; 396(12): 3483-3501, 2023 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37526688

RESUMO

Sarcopenia is a major global public health problem that harms individual physical function. In 2018, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in the Elderly 2 classified sarcopenia into primary and secondary sarcopenia. However, information on the pathogenesis and effective treatment of primary and secondary sarcopenia is limited. Traditional herbal active ingredients have biological activities that promote skeletal muscle health, showing potential preventive and therapeutic effects on sarcopenia. Therefore, this narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of global traditional herbal active ingredients' beneficial therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms on sarcopenia-related animal models. For this purpose, we conducted a literature search in three databases, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, consistent with the review objectives. After the screening, 12 animal studies met the review themes. The review results showed that the pathological mechanisms in sarcopenia-related animal models include imbalanced protein metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, insulin resistance, endoplasmic reticulum stress, impaired mitochondrial biogenesis, and autophagy-lysosome system aggravation. Eleven traditional herbal active ingredients exerted positive anti-sarcopenic effects by ameliorating these pathological mechanisms. This narrative review will provide meaningful insight into future studies regarding traditional herbal active ingredients for treating sarcopenia.


Assuntos
Sarcopenia , Animais , Humanos , Idoso , Sarcopenia/tratamento farmacológico , Sarcopenia/diagnóstico , Sarcopenia/patologia , Músculo Esquelético , Estresse Oxidativo , Inflamação/patologia , Resultado do Tratamento
6.
Chin J Integr Med ; 29(6): 517-525, 2023 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37222920

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effects of total glucosides of paeony (TGP) on psoriasis based on the immunomodulatory effect of dermal mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs). METHODS: A total of 30 male BALB/c mice were divided into 6 groups (n=5 in each) by a random number table method, including control, psoriasis model (model, 5% imiquimod cream 42 mg/d), low-, medium- and high-dose TGP (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, L, M-, and H-TGP, respectively), and positive control group (2.5 mg/kg acitretin). After 14 days of continuous administration, the skin's histopathological changes, apoptosis, secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and proportion of regulatory T cells (Treg) and T helper cell 17 (Th17) were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and flow cytometry, respectively. DMSCs were further isolated from the skin tissues of normal and psoriatic mice, and the cell morphology, phenotype, and cycle were observed. Furthermore, TGP was used to treat psoriatic DMSCs to analyze the effects on the DMSCs immune regulation. RESULTS: TGP alleviated skin pathological injury, reduced epidermis layer thickness, inhibited apoptosis, and regulated the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and the proportion of Treg and Th17 in the skin tissues of psoriatic mice (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was no significant difference in cell morphology and phenotype between control and psoriatic DMSCs (P>0.05), however, more psoriatic DMSCs remained in G0/G1 phase compared with the normal DMSCs (P<0.01). TGP treatment of psoriatic DMSCs significantly increased cell viability, decreased apoptosis, relieved inflammatory response, and inhibited the expression of toll-like receptor 4 and P65 (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION: TGP may exert a good therapeutic effect on psoriasis by regulating the immune imbalance of DMSCs.


Assuntos
Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Paeonia , Psoríase , Masculino , Animais , Camundongos , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Citocinas , Glucosídeos/farmacologia , Glucosídeos/uso terapêutico , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C
7.
Development ; 150(20)2023 10 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36975381

RESUMO

Methionine is important for intestinal development and homeostasis in various organisms. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the methionine adenosyltransferase gene Mat2a is essential for intestinal development and that the metabolite S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) plays an important role in intestinal homeostasis. Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-specific knockout of Mat2a exhibits impaired intestinal development and neonatal lethality. Mat2a deletion in the adult intestine reduces cell proliferation and triggers IEC apoptosis, leading to severe intestinal epithelial atrophy and intestinal inflammation. Mechanistically, we reveal that SAM maintains the integrity of differentiated epithelium and protects IECs from apoptosis by suppressing the expression of caspases 3 and 8 and their activation. SAM supplementation improves the defective intestinal epithelium and reduces inflammatory infiltration sequentially. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that methionine metabolism and its intermediate metabolite SAM play essential roles in intestinal development and homeostasis in mice.


Assuntos
Metionina Adenosiltransferase , S-Adenosilmetionina , Camundongos , Animais , S-Adenosilmetionina/metabolismo , Metionina Adenosiltransferase/genética , Metionina Adenosiltransferase/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Metionina , Suplementos Nutricionais
8.
Front Microbiol ; 14: 1334338, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38260912

RESUMO

Excessive Cd accumulation in soil reduces the production of numerous plants, such as Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep., which is an important and widely cultivated medicinal plant whose roots and rhizomes are used in traditional Chinese medicine. Applying a mixture of biochar and organic fertilizers improved the overall health of the Cd-contaminated soil and increased the yield and quality of Sophora. However, the underlying mechanism between this mixed fertilization and the improvement of the yield and quality of Sophora remains uncovered. This study investigated the effect of biochar and organic fertilizer application (BO, biochar to organic fertilizer ratio of 1:2) on the growth of Sophora cultivated in Cd-contaminated soil. BO significantly reduced the total Cd content (TCd) in the Sophora rhizosphere soil and increased the soil water content, overall soil nutrient levels, and enzyme activities in the soil. Additionally, the α diversity of the soil bacterial community had been significantly improved after BO treatment. Soil pH, total Cd content, total carbon content, and dissolved organic carbon were the main reasons for the fluctuation of the bacterial dominant species. Further investigation demonstrated that the abundance of variable microorganisms, including Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, Patescibacteria, Armatimonadetes, Subgroups_ 6, Bacillus and Bacillus_ Acidiceler, was also significantly changed in Cd-contaminated soil. All these alterations could contribute to the reduction of the Cd content and, thus, the increase of the biomass and the content of the main secondary metabolites (matrine and oxymatrine) in Sophora. Our research demonstrated that the co-application of biochar and organic fertilizer has the potential to enhance soil health and increase the productivity and quality of plants by regulating the microorganisms in Cd-contaminated soil.

9.
Front Plant Sci ; 14: 1295186, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38283979

RESUMO

Centella asiatica (L.) Urban is a well-known medicinal plant which has multiple pharmacological properties. Notably, the leaves of C. asiatica contain large amounts of triterpenoid saponins. However, there have only been a few studies systematically elucidating the metabolic dynamics and transcriptional differences regarding triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis during the leaf development stages of C. asiatica. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome to reveal the dynamic patterns of triterpenoid saponin accumulation and identified the key candidate genes associated with their biosynthesis in C. asiatica leaves. In this study, we found that the key precursors in the synthesis of terpenoids, including DMAPP, IPP and ß-amyrin, as well as 22 triterpenes and eight triterpenoid saponins were considered as differentially accumulated metabolites. The concentrations of DMAPP, IPP and ß-amyrin showed significant increases during the entire stage of leaf development. The levels of 12 triterpenes decreased only during the later stages of leaf development, but five triterpenoid saponins rapidly accumulated at the early stages, and later decreased to a constant level. Furthermore, 48 genes involved in the MVA, MEP and 2, 3-oxidosqualene biosynthetic pathways were selected following gene annotation. Then, 17 CYP450s and 26 UGTs, which are respectively responsible for backbone modifications, were used for phylogenetic-tree construction and time-specific expression analysis. From these data, by integrating metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses, we identified CaHDR1 and CaIDI2 as the candidate genes associated with DMAPP and IPP synthesis, respectively, and CaßAS1 as the one regulating ß-amyrin synthesis. Two genes from the CYP716 family were confirmed as CaCYP716A83 and CaCYP716C11. We also selected two UGT73 families as candidate genes, associated with glycosylation of the terpenoid backbone at C-3 in C. asiatica. These findings will pave the way for further research on the molecular mechanisms associated with triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis in C. asiatica.

10.
Chin Herb Med ; 14(4): 576-582, 2022 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36405055

RESUMO

Objective: Sweet Tea (ST), derived from the leaves of Lithocarpus polystachyus, is a Chinese folk medicine with wide pharmacological activities. However, the promotive effects of ST water extract on hepatocytes proliferation and its underlying mechanism remains still unknown. In the present study, the beneficial effects of ST water extract on human hepatocytes and its possible mechanism were investigated. Methods: MTT assay was used to detect the safety range of ST; HL7702 cells were divided into four groups: control group, ST low- (50 µg/mL), medium- (200 µg/mL) and high-concentration (800 µg/mL) groups; BrdU ELISA and EDU staining were used to observe DNA content and cell proliferation; Moreover, flow cytometry was applied to analyze the distribution of cell cycle. Furthermore, the expression of cyclin D1, CDK4, HGF/c-Met, Akt, Erk1/2 were detected by Western blot. Results: It was found that ST water extract concentration-dependent promoted human hepatocytes HL7702 cell proliferation within 72 h through accumulating the cells in S phase and G2/M phase. Furthermore, ST water extract up-regulated expression of Cyclin D1 and CDK4 proteins. Moreover, ST water extract not only increased HGF expression and phosphorylation of c-Met level, but also activated the phosphorylation levels of AKT, ERK1/2. Interestingly, both of AKT inhibitor A6730 and ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 reversed the promotive effects of ST water extract, which further confirmed that activation of AKT and ERK1/2 were involved. Conclusion: The findings reveal that ST water extract promoted HL7702 cells proliferation through the stimulation of cell cycle mediated by activating the AKT- and ERK1/2-related pathway.

11.
Biomolecules ; 12(11)2022 11 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36358997

RESUMO

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell tumor originating from a post-mitotic lymphoid B-cell lineage. Bortezomib(BTZ), a first-generation protease inhibitor, has increased overall survival, progression-free survival, and remission rates in patients with MM since its clinical approval in 2003. However, the use of BTZ is challenged by the malignant features of MM and drug resistance. Polyphenols, classified into flavonoid and non-flavonoid polyphenols, have potential health-promoting activities, including anti-cancer. Previous preclinical studies have demonstrated the anti-MM potential of some dietary polyphenols. Therefore, these dietary polyphenols have the potential to be alternative therapies in anti-MM treatment regimens. This systematic review examines the synergistic effects of flavonoids and non-flavonoid polyphenols on the anti-MM impacts of BTZ. Preclinical studies on flavonoids and non-flavonoid polyphenols-BTZ synergism in MM were collected from PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase published between 2008 and 2020. 19 valid preclinical studies (Published from 2008 to 2020) were included in this systematic review. These studies demonstrated that eight flavonoids (icariin, icariside II, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, scutellarein, wogonin, morin, formononetin, daidzin), one plant extract rich in flavonoids (Punica granatum juice) and four non-flavonoid polyphenols (silibinin, resveratrol, curcumin, caffeic acid) synergistically enhanced the anti-MM effect of BTZ. These synergistic effects are mediated through the regulation of cellular signaling pathways associated with proliferation, apoptosis, and drug resistance. Given the above, flavonoids and non-flavonoid polyphenols can benefit MM patients by overcoming the challenges faced in BTZ treatment. Despite the positive nature of this preclinical evidence, some additional investigations are still needed before proceeding with clinical studies. For this purpose, we conclude by providing some suggestions for future research directions.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Mieloma Múltiplo , Humanos , Bortezomib/farmacologia , Mieloma Múltiplo/tratamento farmacológico , Mieloma Múltiplo/patologia , Polifenóis/farmacologia , Polifenóis/uso terapêutico , Apoptose , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos
12.
Signal Transduct Target Ther ; 7(1): 192, 2022 06 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35729157

RESUMO

Folic acid, served as dietary supplement, is closely linked to one-carbon metabolism and methionine metabolism. Previous clinical evidence indicated that folic acid supplementation displays dual effect on cancer development, promoting or suppressing tumor formation and progression. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be uncovered. Here, we report that high-folate diet significantly promotes cancer development in mice with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) induced by DEN/high-fat diet (HFD), simultaneously with increased expression of methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (gene name, MAT2A; protein name, MATIIα), the key enzyme in methionine metabolism, and acceleration of methionine cycle in cancer tissues. In contrast, folate-free diet reduces MATIIα expression and impedes HFD-induced HCC development. Notably, methionine metabolism is dynamically reprogrammed with valosin-containing protein p97/p47 complex-interacting protein (VCIP135) which functions as a deubiquitylating enzyme to bind and stabilize MATIIα in response to folic acid signal. Consistently, upregulation of MATIIα expression is positively correlated with increased VCIP135 protein level in human HCC tissues compared to adjacent tissues. Furthermore, liver-specific knockout of Mat2a remarkably abolishes the advocating effect of folic acid on HFD-induced HCC, demonstrating that the effect of high or free folate-diet on HFD-induced HCC relies on Mat2a. Moreover, folate and multiple intermediate metabolites in one-carbon metabolism are significantly decreased in vivo and in vitro upon Mat2a deletion. Together, folate promotes the integration of methionine and one-carbon metabolism, contributing to HCC development via hijacking MATIIα metabolic pathway. This study provides insight into folate-promoted cancer development, strongly recommending the tailor-made folate supplement guideline for both sub-healthy populations and patients with cancer expressing high level of MATIIα expression.


Assuntos
Ácido Fólico , Metionina Adenosiltransferase , Animais , Dieta , Ácido Fólico/farmacologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais/patologia , Metionina/metabolismo , Metionina Adenosiltransferase/genética , Metionina Adenosiltransferase/metabolismo , Camundongos
13.
Sci Data ; 9(1): 135, 2022 03 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35361792

RESUMO

Optical mapping of animal models is a widely used technique in pre-clinical cardiac research. It has several advantages over other methods, including higher spatial resolution, contactless recording and direct visualisation of action potentials and calcium transients. Optical mapping enables simultaneous study of action potential and calcium transient morphology, conduction dynamics, regional heterogeneity, restitution and arrhythmogenesis. In this dataset, we have optically mapped Langendorff perfused isolated whole hearts (mouse and guinea pig) and superfused isolated atria (mouse). Raw datasets (consisting of over 400 files) can be combined with open-source software for processing and analysis. We have generated a comprehensive post-processed dataset characterising the baseline cardiac electrophysiology in these widely used pre-clinical models. This dataset also provides reference information detailing the effect of heart rate, clinically used anti-arrhythmic drugs, ischaemia-reperfusion and sympathetic nervous stimulation on cardiac electrophysiology. The effects of these interventions can be studied in a global or regional manner, enabling new insights into the prevention and initiation of arrhythmia.


Assuntos
Potenciais de Ação , Cálcio , Técnicas Eletrofisiológicas Cardíacas , Potenciais de Ação/fisiologia , Animais , Arritmias Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagem , Arritmias Cardíacas/fisiopatologia , Cálcio/fisiologia , Frequência Cardíaca , Modelos Animais
14.
Eur J Neurosci ; 54(7): 6646-6662, 2021 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34494695

RESUMO

Detection of transient changes in interaural correlation is based on the temporal precision of the central representations of acoustic signals. Whether schizophrenia impairs the temporal precision in the interaural correlation process is not clear. In both participants with schizophrenia and matched healthy-control participants, this study examined the detection of a break in interaural correlation (BIC, a change in interaural correlation from 1 to 0 and back to 1), including the longest interaural delay at which a BIC was just audible, representing the temporal extent of the primitive auditory memory (PAM). Moreover, BIC-induced electroencephalograms (EEGs) and the relationships between the early binaural psychoacoustic processing and higher cognitive functions, which were assessed by the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), were examined. The results showed that compared to healthy controls, participants with schizophrenia exhibited poorer BIC detection, PAM and RBANS score. Both the BIC-detection accuracy and the PAM extent were correlated with the RBANS score. Moreover, participants with schizophrenia showed weaker BIC-induced N1-P2 amplitude which was correlated with both theta-band power and inter-trial phase coherence. These results suggested that schizophrenia impairs the temporal precision of the central representations of acoustic signals, affecting both interaural correlation processing and higher-order cognitions.


Assuntos
Esquizofrenia , Estimulação Acústica , Percepção Auditiva , Eletroencefalografia , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos do Tronco Encefálico , Humanos , Psicoacústica
15.
Analyst ; 146(20): 6281-6287, 2021 Oct 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34549731

RESUMO

Simultaneous anodic and cathodic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emissions of black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) and graphitic carbon nitrides (g-C3N4) were reported based on the co-existence of different co-reactants. Anodic ECL was obtained at the BPNSs modified electrode with tripropylamine (TPrA) as a co-reactant, while g-C3N4 was selected as another emitter to obtain cathodic ECL emission with K2S2O8 as co-reactant. Employing the superiority of two separate ECL systems, a facile ECL method was developed for cholesterol detection based on cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) immobilized g-C3N4/BPNSs modified glassy carbon electrode (g-C3N4/BPNSs/GCE). False positive signals can be significantly reduced based on the separation of anode and cathode ECL signals from BPNSs and g-C3N4, respectively. The proposed biosensor provided a quantitative readout proportional to cholesterol concentrations in the range from 0.5 µM to 0.5 mM with a detection limit of 0.14 µM (cathodic system, 3σ, n = 6) and 0.32 µM (anodic system, 3σ, n = 6). The proposed biosensor demonstrated excellent analytical performance with remarkable sensitivity, manifesting its potential application in enzymatic biosensing field.


Assuntos
Técnicas Biossensoriais , Grafite , Técnicas Eletroquímicas , Limite de Detecção , Medições Luminescentes , Compostos de Nitrogênio , Fósforo
16.
Chin Med ; 16(1): 62, 2021 Jul 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34315516

RESUMO

The worldwide prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing, and this metabolic disorder has been recognized as a severe threat to human health. A variety of chemical drugs have been approved for treating NAFLD, however, they always has serious side effects. Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) have been widely used for preventing and treating a range of metabolic diseases with satisfactory safety and effective performance in clinical treatment of NAFLD. Recent studies indicated that imbanlance of the intestinal microbiota was closely associated with the occurrence and development of NAFLD, thus, the intestinal microbiota has been recognized as a promising target for treatment of NAFLD. In recent decades, a variety of CHMs have been reported to effectively prevent or treat NAFLD by modulating intestinal microbiota to further interfer the gut-liver axis. In this review, recent advances in CHMs for the treatment of NAFLD via rebuilding the intestinal microecology were systematically reviewed. The key roles of CHMs in the regulation of gut microbiota and the gut-liver axis along with their mechanisms (such as modulating intestinal permeability, reducing the inflammatory response, protecting liver cells, improving lipid metabolism, and modulating nuclear receptors), were well summarized. All the knowledge and information presented here will be very helpful for researchers to better understand the applications and mechanisms of CHMs for treatment of NAFLD.

17.
World J Clin Cases ; 9(12): 2845-2853, 2021 Apr 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33969068

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma is the most common type of brain tumor and is invariably fatal, with a mean survival time of 8-15 mo for recently diagnosed tumors, and a 5-year survival rate of only 7.2%. The standard treatment for newly diagnosed glioblastoma includes surgery followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy and further adjuvant temozolomide. However, the prognosis remains poor and long-term survival is rare. This report aimed to demonstrate a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of glioblastoma. CASE SUMMARY: A patient was referred to the Department of Neurosurgery with an intracranial space-occupying lesion with a maximum diameter of approximately 5 cm. The tumor was compressing functional areas, and the patient accordingly underwent partial resection and concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The imaging and pathological findings were consistent with a diagnosis of glioblastoma with oligodendroglioma differentiation (World Health Organization IV). The patient was finally diagnosed with glioblastoma. However, the patient discontinued treatment due to intolerable side effects, and was prescribed Kangliu pill (KLP) 7.5 g three times/d, which he has continued to date. Significant shrinkage of the tumor (maximum diameter reduced from about 3.5 to about 2 cm) was found after 3 mo of KLP therapy, and the tumor was further reduced to about 1 cm after 3 years. The patient's symptoms of headache, limb weakness, and left hemiplegia were relieved, with no side effects. CONCLUSION: KLP has been a successful intervention for glioblastoma, and the current case indicates that traditional Chinese medicine may offer effective alternative therapies for glioblastoma.

18.
JASA Express Lett ; 1(6): 064401, 2021 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36154372

RESUMO

This study used prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex as a physiological measure to determine the sensitivity to a break in interaural correlation (BIC) in binaural gap detection and compared this physiological measure with the traditional behavioral measure. Results show that BIC could be used as a prepulse to induce PPI at different interaural delays. Furthermore, the PPIs induced by BIC at an interaural delay of 4 ms, but not 0, 2, or 8 ms, were correlated with the BIC delay threshold. These findings suggest that the BIC-induced PPI paradigm may serve as an objective measure of binaural gap detection.


Assuntos
Inibição Pré-Pulso , Reflexo de Sobressalto , Estimulação Acústica , Humanos , Reflexo de Sobressalto/fisiologia
19.
J Food Sci ; 85(8): 2596-2607, 2020 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32696986

RESUMO

In this study, a colitis mouse model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was used to investigate the mechanisms of action of an extract of crude polysaccharides (POL) from Physalis pubescens L. as a dietary intervention for colitis. Our results showed that the administration of POL prior to DSS-induced colitis protected the colon mucosal layer; maintained intestinal barrier integrity; alleviated oxidative damage; and lowered neutrophil infiltration by downregulating intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression. More importantly, POL pretreatment reduced the expression of the proinflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), thereby modulating the nuclear factor-κB/iNOS-COX-2 signal transduction pathway. In addition, POL reversed DSS-induced gut dysbiosis, accompanied by reducing the relative abundance of Helicobacter, Mucispirillum, and Erysipelatoclostridium. In conclusion, POL ameliorated DSS-induced intestinal injury in mice, indicating that POL could be a useful dietary nutrient to protect against colitis. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Physalis pubescens L. is an edible fruit. The results of this study show that the intervention with Physalis pubescens L. crude polysaccharides may help prevent ulcerative colitis.


Assuntos
Colite/tratamento farmacológico , Disbiose/tratamento farmacológico , Physalis/química , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Polissacarídeos/administração & dosagem , Animais , Colite/induzido quimicamente , Colite/imunologia , Colite/microbiologia , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/imunologia , Sulfato de Dextrana/efeitos adversos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Disbiose/genética , Disbiose/imunologia , Disbiose/microbiologia , Humanos , Imunidade/efeitos dos fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/imunologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , NF-kappa B/imunologia , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/imunologia , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/imunologia
20.
Clin Rheumatol ; 39(9): 2803-2810, 2020 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32725351

RESUMO

COVID-19 has become a global concern. A large number of reports have explained the clinical characteristics and treatment strategies of COVID-19, but the characteristics and treatment of COVID-19 patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are still unclear. Here, we report the clinical features and treatment of the first SLE patient with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia. This was a 39-year-old woman, diagnosed with SLE 15 years ago, whose overall clinical characteristics (symptoms, laboratory tests, and chest CTs) were similar to those of the general COVID-19 patients. She continued to take the previous SLE drugs (doses of glucocorticoids, hydroxychloroquine, and immunosuppressive agents were not reduced) and was treated with strict antiviral and infection prevention treatment. After the first discharge, she got a recurrence of COVID-19 during her home isolation, and then returned to hospital and continued the previous therapy. Finally, this long-term immune suppressive patient's COVID-19 was successfully cured. The successful recovery of this case has significant reference value for the future treatment of COVID-19 patients with SLE. Key Points • COVID-19 patients with SLE is advocated to continue the medical treatment for SLE. • Hydroxychloroquine may have potential benefits for COVID-19 patients with SLE. • COVID-19 patients with SLE is prone to relapse, and multiple follow-ups are necessary.


Assuntos
Antirreumáticos/uso terapêutico , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Coronavirus/tratamento farmacológico , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Hidroxicloroquina/uso terapêutico , Imunossupressores/uso terapêutico , Lopinavir/uso terapêutico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumonia Viral/tratamento farmacológico , RNA Viral , Ritonavir/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Teste para COVID-19 , Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Combinação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/complicações , Moxifloxacina/uso terapêutico , Ácido Micofenólico/uso terapêutico , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico , Prednisona/uso terapêutico , Recidiva , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , SARS-CoV-2 , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
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