Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 71
Filtrar
Mais filtros

Medicinas Complementares
Base de dados
País/Região como assunto
Tipo de documento
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Eur J Clin Nutr ; 68(10): 1148-53, 2014 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24961547

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D, L-cysteine (LC) and glutathione (GSH) levels are lower in the blood of diabetic patients. This study examined the hypothesis that the levels of vitamin D and LC correlate with those of GSH in the blood of type 2 diabetic patients (T2D), and that vitamin D and LC upregulate glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCLC), which catalyzes GSH biosynthesis, in cultured monocytes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Fasting blood was obtained after written informed consent from T2D (n=79) and healthy controls (n=22). U937 monocytes were pretreated with 1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D (0-25 nM) or LC (0-500 µM) for 24 h and then exposed to control or high glucose (25 mM) for 4 h. RESULTS: Plasma levels of vitamin D, LC, GSH and GCLC protein were significantly lower in T2D versus those in age-matched healthy controls. Multiple linear regression analyses and adjustment for body weight showed a significant positive correlation between plasma levels of vitamin D (r=0.26, P=0.05) and LC (r=0.81, P=0.001) and that of GSH, and between LC and vitamin D (r=0.27, P=0.045) levels. Plasma levels of GSH (r=-0.34, P=0.01) and LC (r=-0.33, r=0.01) showed a negative correlation with triglyceride levels. Vitamin D correlated inversely with HbA1C (-0.30, P=0.01) and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (r=-0.31, P=0.03), which showed a significant positive correlation with triglycerides (r=0.44, P=0.001) in T2D. Cell culture studies demonstrate that supplementation with vitamin D and LC significantly increased GCLC expression and GSH formation in control and high-glucose-treated monocytes. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests a positive relationship between the concentrations of the micronutrients vitamin D and LC and that of GSH. Some of the beneficial effects of vitamin D and LC supplementation may be mediated by an increase in the levels of GSH and a decrease in triglyceride levels in T2D patients.


Assuntos
Cisteína/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Glutationa/sangue , Resistência à Insulina , Vitamina D/sangue , Linhagem Celular , Cisteína/farmacologia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Feminino , Glutamato-Cisteína Ligase/farmacologia , Glutationa/biossíntese , Humanos , Insulina/sangue , Insulina/metabolismo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Monócitos/enzimologia , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Vitamina D/farmacologia
2.
Neuroscience ; 223: 457-64, 2012 Oct 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22835621

RESUMO

Psychosocial neglect during childhood severely impairs both behavioral and physical health. The isolation rearing model in rodents has been employed by our group and others to study this clinical problem at a basic level. We previously showed that immediate early gene (IEG) expression in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is decreased in isolation-reared (IR) compared to group-reared (GR) rats. In the current study, we sought to evaluate: (1) whether these changes in IEG expression would be detected by the measurement of brain glucose metabolism using positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and (2) whether PET FDG could illuminate other brain regions with different glucose metabolism in IR compared to GR rats. We found that there were significant differences in FDG uptake in the hippocampus that were consistent with our findings for IEG expression (decreased mean FDG uptake in IR rats). In contrast, in the mPFC, the FDG uptake between IR and GR rats did not differ. Finally, we found decreased mean FDG uptake in the thalamus of the IR rats, a region we had not previously examined. The results suggest that PET FDG has the potential to be utilized as a biomarker of molecular changes in the hippocampus. Further, the differences found in thalamic brain FDG uptake suggest that further investigation of this region at the molecular and cellular levels may provide an important insight into the neurobiological basis of the adverse clinical outcomes found in children exposed to psychosocial deprivation.


Assuntos
Mapeamento Encefálico , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Isolamento Social , Tálamo/metabolismo , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Hipocampo/diagnóstico por imagem , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Tálamo/diagnóstico por imagem
4.
J Hum Hypertens ; 23(5): 325-31, 2009 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19005477

RESUMO

The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of device-guided breathing to lower blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive type II diabetic patients. A randomized controlled trial was carried out in four urban family practice clinics in Israel. Non-insulin-dependent diabetic, hypertensive patients with uncontrolled BP, receiving antihypertensive therapy or those non-medicated were enrolled. Baseline characteristics of the 66 patients who completed the study (33 intervention and 33 control) were: 62% men, age 62+/-8 years (mean+/-s.d.); body mass index 29+/-5 kg/m2; systolic BP 148+/-11 mm Hg and diastolic BP 81+/-9 mm Hg. The intervention group used a device (RESPeRATE), which interactively guides the user towards slow and regular breathing by synchronizing respiration voluntarily to musical tones for 15 min daily for an 8-week period. The control group continued with their regular treatment. BP was measured in the clinic at baseline, after 4 weeks and at 8 weeks. Medication was unchanged for 4 weeks prior to and during the study period. The main outcome measure was the office BP change from baseline to the end of the 8-week period. BP was reduced in the treatment group (mean+/-s.e.) systolic -10.0+/-1.8 mm Hg and diastolic -3.6+/-1.3 mm Hg (P<0.0001 and P<0.01), but not in the controls +1.6+/-2.1 and -1.0+/-1.4 mm Hg P>0.4 and P>0.4, respectively. Test for between group difference P<0.0001 and P=0.08. The subjects were highly compliant with the treatment, performing 75% of the requested exercise sessions. Greater BP reduction was observed with increased compliance with device usage (P=0.01 and P=0.001). It is concluded that self-treatment with device-guided breathing at home for 8 weeks by non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients was associated with a substantial reduction in office systolic BP.


Assuntos
Exercícios Respiratórios , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/terapia , Hipertensão/complicações , Hipertensão/terapia , Idoso , Desenho de Equipamento , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terapias Mente-Corpo/instrumentação , Terapias Mente-Corpo/métodos , Cooperação do Paciente , Resultado do Tratamento
5.
Endocrinology ; 146(3): 1458-64, 2005 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15591147

RESUMO

During postnatal development, mice undergo a period of reduced responsiveness of the pituitary-adrenal axis, the stress hyporesponsive period (SHRP), which is largely under control of maternal signals. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that this quiescence in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activity is mediated by glucocorticoid feedback. For this purpose, the role of mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR) in control of HPA activity was examined during the SHRP and in response to 24 h of maternal deprivation. Nondeprived or deprived (24 h) CD1 mice on postnatal d 8 were injected sc at 16 and 8 h before testing with the MR antagonist RU28318 or the GR antagonist RU38486. The results showed that, in nondeprived mice, blockade of GR rather than MR triggered a profound increase in anterior pituitary proopiomelanocortin mRNA, circulating ACTH, and corticosterone concentrations. In contrast, CRH mRNA in hypothalamus and GR mRNA in hippocampus and hypothalamus were decreased. Blockade of the GR during the deprivation period amplified the rise in corticosterone induced by maternal deprivation, whereas it reversed the deprivation effect on the other HPA markers, leading to profound increases in plasma ACTH, proopiomelanocortin mRNA expression in the anterior pituitary, CRH mRNA expression in the paraventricular nucleus, and MR mRNA expression in the hippocampus, but not in GR mRNA expression in the hippocampus and paraventricular nucleus. In conclusion, the data suggest that control of postnatal pituitary-adrenal activity during the SHRP involves GR-mediated feedback in the anterior pituitary, which is further potentiated in the absence of the mother.


Assuntos
Glândulas Suprarrenais/metabolismo , Adeno-Hipófise/metabolismo , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/fisiologia , Espironolactona/análogos & derivados , Hormônio Adrenocorticotrópico/sangue , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Corticosterona/metabolismo , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Hipotálamo/metabolismo , Hibridização In Situ , Camundongos , Antagonistas de Receptores de Mineralocorticoides/farmacologia , Pró-Opiomelanocortina/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Espironolactona/farmacologia , Temperatura , Fatores de Tempo
6.
Food Chem Toxicol ; 40(10): 1449-51, 2002 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12387307

RESUMO

Pyridoxine is not completely innocuous. Large doses can cause a peripheral neuropathy despite renal excretion of this water-soluble vitamin. Renal failure patients are treated with pyridoxine to prevent a deficiency. The safety of pyridoxine treatment in the presence of renal dysfunction has not been studied. Our experiments on anephric rats show that the uremic state, in a mere 3 or 4 days, causes a 5- to 10-fold increase in susceptibility to pyridoxine-induced neuronopathy. These results suggest a need for caution in prescribing pyridoxine to uremic patients who will probably take the vitamin daily for many years.


Assuntos
Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/induzido quimicamente , Piridoxina/toxicidade , Uremia/terapia , Animais , Nitrogênio da Ureia Sanguínea , Creatinina/sangue , Masculino , Piridoxina/administração & dosagem , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos Lew , Gânglio Trigeminal/patologia , Uremia/sangue , Uremia/complicações
7.
Pediatrics ; 108(2): 421-5, 2001 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11483809

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Creatine is a nutritional supplement that is purported to be a safe ergogenic aid in adults. Although as many as 28% of collegiate athletes admit taking creatine, there is little information about creatine use or potential health risk in children and adolescents. Although the use of creatine is not recommended in people less than 18 years of age, numerous anecdotal reports indicate widespread use in young athletes. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency, risk factors, and demographics of creatine use among middle and high school student athletes. METHODS: Before their annual sports preparticipation physical examinations, middle and high school athletes aged 10 to 18 in Westchester County, a suburb north of New York City, were surveyed in a confidential manner. Information was collected regarding school grade, gender, specific sport participation, and creatine use. RESULTS: Overall, 62 of 1103 participants (5.6%) admitted taking creatine. Creatine use was reported in every grade, from 6 to 12. Forty-four percent of grade 12 athletes surveyed reported using creatine. Creatine use was significantly more common (P <.001) among boys (53/604, 8.8%) than girls (9/492, 1.8%). Although creatine was taken by participants in every sport, use was significantly more common among football players, wrestlers, hockey players, gymnasts, and lacrosse players (P <.001 for all). The most common reasons cited for taking creatine were enhanced performance (74.2% of users) and improved appearance (61.3%), and the most common reason cited for not taking creatine was safety (45.7% of nonusers). CONCLUSIONS: Despite current recommendations against use in adolescents less than 18 years old, creatine is being used by middle and high school athletes at all grade levels. The prevalence in grades 11 and 12 approaches levels reported among collegiate athletes. Until the safety of creatine can be established in adolescents, the use of this product should be discouraged.


Assuntos
Creatina/administração & dosagem , Dopagem Esportivo/estatística & dados numéricos , Medicina Esportiva , Adolescente , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Fatores Etários , Criança , Creatina/efeitos adversos , Suplementos Nutricionais/efeitos adversos , Dopagem Esportivo/legislação & jurisprudência , Dopagem Esportivo/psicologia , Feminino , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Cidade de Nova Iorque/epidemiologia , Esportes/psicologia , Esportes/estatística & dados numéricos , Estados Unidos , United States Food and Drug Administration/legislação & jurisprudência , United States Food and Drug Administration/normas
8.
Assist Technol ; 12(1): 50-66, 2000.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11067577

RESUMO

This paper reviews applications of therapeutic electrical stimulation (ES) specific to wound healing and pressure sore prevention. The application of ES for wound healing has been found to increase the rate of healing by more than 50%. Furthermore, the total number of wounds healed is also increased. However, optimal delivery techniques for ES therapy have not been established to date. A study of stimulation current effects on wound healing in a pig model has shown that direct current (DC) stimulation is most effective in wound area reduction and alternating current (AC) stimulation for wound volume reduction at current densities of 127 microA/cm2 and 1,125 microA/cm2, respectively. Preliminary studies have been carried out at two research centers to assess the role of ES in pressure sore prevention. Surface stimulation studies have shown that ES can produce positive short-term changes in tissue health variables such as regional blood flow and pressure distribution. The use of an implanted stimulation system consisting of intramuscular electrodes with percutaneous leads has been found to produce additional long-term changes. Specifically, gluteal muscle thickness increased by 50% with regular long-term ES application concurrent with a 20% decrease in regional interface pressures and increased tissue oxygen levels. These findings indicate that an implantable ES system may have great potential for pressure sore prevention, particularly for individuals who lack sensation or who are physically unable to perform regular independent pressure relief.


Assuntos
Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica/métodos , Úlcera por Pressão/prevenção & controle , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/reabilitação , Cicatrização , Idoso , Animais , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica/instrumentação , Humanos , Masculino , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Úlcera por Pressão/etiologia , Úlcera por Pressão/fisiopatologia , Próteses e Implantes , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/complicações , Suínos , Resultado do Tratamento , Cicatrização/fisiologia
9.
Chest ; 116(5): 1434-41, 1999 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10559109

RESUMO

Skeletal muscle plays an important role in respiratory and cardiovascular physiology. The ability to measure metabolic changes in skeletal muscle has been enhanced with the advent of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). MRS measurements have been used to understand the metabolic control of respiration and to evaluate metabolic changes in the muscle in patients with respiratory and cardiac diseases. The key to the respiratory control measurements is the ability to measure intracellular pH with MRS. Muscle oxidative metabolism has been measured in two ways: during steady-state exercise and using recovery kinetics. The similarities in the metabolic findings for pulmonary and coronary disease suggest the potential for some interesting common pathways.


Assuntos
Metabolismo Energético , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Fenômenos Fisiológicos Respiratórios , Difosfato de Adenosina/metabolismo , Trifosfato de Adenosina/metabolismo , Doenças Cardiovasculares/metabolismo , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Fosfocreatina/análogos & derivados , Fosfocreatina/metabolismo , Fósforo/metabolismo , Doenças Respiratórias/metabolismo
10.
J Neuroendocrinol ; 11(8): 581-8, 1999 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10447795

RESUMO

Maternal deprivation of neonatal rats for 24 h has immediate and persistent effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) regulation. Immediately after deprivation corticosterone (CORT) is elevated. The primary purpose of our experiments was to determine if, by preventing this CORT elevation, the persistent effects could be reversed. In experiment 1, pups were injected with dexamethasone at the onset of the 24-h deprivation period on postnatal day 11 to suppress the rise in CORT. In experiment 2 some aspects of maternal behaviour known to suppress CORT levels were mimicked during deprivation from postnatal days 11-12. The pups were either: (1) left undisturbed; (2) stroked periodically; or (3) stroked and episodically fed. At postnatal day 20 basal and stress-induced adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and CORT levels were measured as well as brain mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR). Neonatal rats receiving dexamethasone prior to the onset of the deprivation on day 11 did not differ on day 20 from deprived pups that were exposed to elevated CORT levels. There were no detectable changes in the non-deprived pups that were treated with dexamethasone. In contrast, feeding and stroking during the period of deprivation obliterated the persistent effects both with regard to the reduced ACTH response and the decreased GR mRNA in hippocampus and hypothalamus. Stroking alone appears to have no influence. In conclusion, the persistent reduction of the ACTH response to mild stress and the decrease of GR mRNA is not mediated by deprivation-induced elevations in CORT, but appears to be reversible by reinstating specific aspects of the dam's nurturing behaviour.


Assuntos
Glândulas Suprarrenais/fisiologia , Alimentos , Hipotálamo/fisiologia , Privação Materna , Hipófise/fisiologia , Tato , Hormônio Adrenocorticotrópico/sangue , Animais , Corticosterona/sangue , Dexametasona/farmacologia , Feminino , Glucocorticoides/farmacologia , Masculino , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Long-Evans , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/genética , Estresse Fisiológico
11.
Psychoneuroendocrinology ; 24(2): 131-42, 1999 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10101722

RESUMO

When separated from groups, squirrel monkeys respond with significant increases in plasma cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). While cortisol remains elevated above pre-separation levels, significant reductions occur in ACTH. Monkeys that respond with greater increases in cortisol subsequently exhibit greater reductions in ACTH, which suggests that reductions in ACTH are mediated by corticosteroid feedback. Monkeys that respond with greater increases in cortisol also tend to exhibit greater cerebrospinal fluid levels of the dopamine metabolite HVA, but not the norepinephrine metabolite MHPG, or corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). Attenuation of corticosteroid feedback with metyrapone results in significant increases in circulating ACTH, and in older monkeys increases plasma HVA. Similar findings in humans have been reported in clinical studies of hypercortisolism and major depression.


Assuntos
Glândulas Suprarrenais/fisiopatologia , Hiperfunção Adrenocortical/fisiopatologia , Ansiedade de Separação/fisiopatologia , Hidrocortisona/sangue , Hipotálamo/fisiopatologia , Hipófise/fisiopatologia , Hormônio Adrenocorticotrópico/sangue , Animais , Hormônio Liberador da Corticotropina/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Retroalimentação , Feminino , Ácido Homovanílico/sangue , Humanos , Masculino , Metirapona/farmacologia , Saimiri/fisiologia
13.
Am J Perinatol ; 16(10): 515-20, 1999.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10874987

RESUMO

Normal fetal and neonatal calcium homeostasis is dependent upon an adequate supply of calcium from maternal sources. Both maternal hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia can cause metabolic bone disease or disorders of calcium homeostasis in neonates. Maternal hypercalcemia can suppress fetal parathyroid function and cause neonatal hypocalcemia. Conversely, maternal hypocalcemia can stimulate fetal parathyroid tissue causing bone demineralization. We report two asymptomatic women, one with previously unrecognized hypoparathyroidism and the other with unrecognized familial benign hypercalcemia, who were diagnosed when their newborn infants presented with abnormalities of calcium metabolism. J.B. was born at 34 weeks' gestation with transient hyperbilirubinemia and thrombocytopenia. At 1 month of age he had severe bone demineralization, cortical irregularities, widening and cupping of the metaphyses, and lucent bands in the scapulae. The total serum calcium and phosphorus were normal with an ionized calcium of 5.4 mg/dL (4.6-5.4). His alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels were all increased. P.B., mother of J.B., had no symptoms of hypocalcemia either prior to, or during this pregnancy. She had severe hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia, laboratory values typical of hypoparathyroidism. J.N. presented at 6 weeks of age with new onset of seizures and tetany secondary to severe hypocalcemia. The serum phosphorus, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, and parathyroid hormone levels were normal. At 15 weeks of age his calcium was slightly elevated with a low fractional excretion of calcium. P.N., mother of J.N., had no symptoms of hypercalcemia either prior to, or during this pregnancy. Her serum calcium was 12.7 mg/dL and urine calcium was 66.5 mg/24 hr, with a low fractional excretion of calcium ranging from 0.0064 to 0.0073. P.N. has a brother who previously had parathyroid surgery. Both J.N. and P.N. meet the diagnostic criteria for familial benign hypercalcemia. These cases illustrate the important relationships between maternal serum calcium levels and neonatal calcium homeostasis. They emphasize the need to assess maternal calcium levels when infants are born with abnormal serum calcium levels or metabolic bone disease.


Assuntos
Distúrbios do Metabolismo do Cálcio/congênito , Cálcio/metabolismo , Hipercalcemia/diagnóstico , Hipoparatireoidismo/diagnóstico , Complicações na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal , Adolescente , Adulto , Distúrbios do Metabolismo do Cálcio/diagnóstico por imagem , Cesárea , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Gravidez , Resultado da Gravidez , Prognóstico , Radiografia , Medição de Risco
14.
J Mol Graph Model ; 17(5-6): 255-60, 325-8, 1999.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10840685

RESUMO

Crystallographic symmetry plays an important role in structure determination from diffraction or scattering data, in spectroscopy and in simulations. It is convenient and insightful to integrate the display and use of such symmetry data with data analysis and modeling methods. We outline the integration of a suite of crystallographic algorithms, closely coupled with interactive graphical displays. These include techniques for identifying the unit cell of a solid, for automatically determining space and point group symmetries, for generalized displays of symmetry elements overlaid on structural models, and for construction, editing, and transformation of models subject to symmetry constraints. In addition, electron densities derived from periodic density functional calculations can be symmetrized and displayed with the corresponding symmetry elements. Applications of these various capabilities in crystallographic research are illustrated by topical examples.


Assuntos
Gráficos por Computador/estatística & dados numéricos , Simulação por Computador , Modelos Moleculares , Óxido de Alumínio/química , Benzeno/química , Cristalografia , Elétrons , Elementos Químicos , Humanos , Rhinovirus/química , Silício/química , Zeolitas/química
15.
CNS Spectr ; 4(12): 34-47, 1999 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18311106

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to compare efficacy of two meditation protocols for treating patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Patients were randomized to two groups-matched for sex, age, and medication status-and blinded to the comparison protocol. They were told the trial would last for 12 months, unless one protocol proved to be more efficacious. If so, groups would merge, and the group that received the less efficacious treatment would also be afforded 12 months of the more effective one. The study was conducted at Children's Hospital, San Diego, Calif. Patients were selected according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition-Revised (DSM-III-R) criteria and recruited by advertisements and referral. At baseline, Group 1 included 11 adults and 1 adolescent, and Group 2 included 10 adults. Group 1 employed a kundalini yoga meditation protocol and Group 2 employed the Relaxation Response plus Mindfulness Meditation technique. Baseline and 3-month interval testing was conducted using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Symptoms Checklist-90-Revised Obsessive Compulsive (SCL-90-R OC) and Global Severity Index (SCL-90-R GSI) scales, Profile of Moods scale (POMS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Purpose in Life (PIL) test. Seven adults in each group completed 3 months of therapy. At 3 months, Group 1 demonstrated greater improvements (Student's independent groups t-test) on the Y-BOCS, SCL-90-R OC and GSI scales, and POMS, and greater but nonsignificant improvements on the PSS and PIL test. An intent-to-treat analysis (Y-BOCS) for the baseline and 3-month tests showed that only Group 1 improved. Within-group statistics (Student's paired t-tests) showed that Group 1 significantly improved on all six scales, but Group 2 had no improvements. Groups were merged for an additional year using Group 1 techniques. At 15 months, the final group (N=11) improved 71%, 62%, 66%, 74%, 39%, and 23%, respectively, on the Y-BOCS, SCL-90-R OC, SCL-90-R GSI, POMS, PSS, and PIL; P<0.003 (analysis of variance). This study demonstrates that kundalini yoga techniques are effective in the treatment of OCD.

16.
Life Sci ; 63(25): 2271-84, 1998.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9870713

RESUMO

Iron has been proposed to promote oxidative tissue damage in multiple sclerosis (MS). In order to gain insights about how iron gets processed during MS, the deposition of iron was investigated in the CNS of mice with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), which is a commonly used animal model of MS. Control mice (adjuvant only) and EAE mice (myelin basic protein plus adjuvant), were sacrificed at 4-8 days (preclinical phase), 10-13 days (clinical phase), or 18 days (recovery phase) post injection. Sections from the cerebrum, hindbrain, and cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal cord were stained as previously described (J. Neurosci. Res. 29:413, 1991), and scored blindly for histopathological staining. There was minimal histopathological staining at any age in control animals or during the preclinical stage in EAE animals. At the clinical stage of EAE, stained pathological features (macrophages, extravasated RBC and granular staining) were significantly increased compared to the preclinical stage. In the recovery phase, macrophage and granular staining persisted but there was loss of extravasated RBC. Dual labeling studies revealed that granular deposits were present in astrocytes and in locations that appeared to be extracellular. In order to gain insights about the origin of iron deposits in EAE mice, additional studies were performed on brains of mice with extravasated blood lesions. These brains had granular, macrophage and RBC staining. Thus, each of the stained features in EAE animals could be due to the extravasation of blood which occurs in the SJL model of EAE, although some of the iron could have originated from myelin and oligodendrocytes damaged during EAE.


Assuntos
Sistema Nervoso Central/metabolismo , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/metabolismo , Ferro/metabolismo , Animais , Astrócitos/metabolismo , Encéfalo/irrigação sanguínea , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/sangue , Encefalomielite Autoimune Experimental/fisiopatologia , Eritrócitos/metabolismo , Extravasamento de Materiais Terapêuticos e Diagnósticos , Feminino , Proteína Glial Fibrilar Ácida/metabolismo , Imuno-Histoquímica , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Camundongos , Oligodendroglia/metabolismo
17.
Am J Med ; 105(3A): 115S-124S, 1998 Sep 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9790493

RESUMO

This study aimed to determine symptom patterns in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), in summer and winter. Comparison data for patients with seasonal affective disorder (SAD) were used to evaluate seasonal variation in mood and behavior, atypical neurovegetative symptoms characteristic of SAD, and somatic symptoms characteristic of CFS. Rating scale questionnaires were mailed to patients previously diagnosed with CFS. Instruments included the Personal Inventory for Depression and SAD (PIDS) and the Systematic Assessment for Treatment Emergent Effects (SAFTEE), which catalogs the current severity of a wide range of somatic, behavioral, and affective symptoms. Data sets from 110 CFS patients matched across seasons were entered into the analysis. Symptoms that conform with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) case definition of CFS were rated as moderate to very severe during the winter months by varying proportions of patients (from 43% for lymph node pain or enlargement, to 79% for muscle, joint, or bone pain). Fatigue was reported by 92%. Prominent affective symptoms included irritability (55%), depressed mood (52%), and anxiety (51%). Retrospective monthly ratings of mood, social activity, energy, sleep duration, amount eaten, and weight change showed a coherent pattern of winter worsening. Of patients with consistent summer and winter ratings (n = 73), 37% showed high global seasonality scores (GSS) > or = 10. About half this group reported symptoms indicative of major depressive disorder, which was strongly associated with high seasonality. Hierarchical cluster analysis of wintertime symptoms revealed 2 distinct clinical profiles among CFS patients: (a) those with high seasonality, for whom depressed mood clustered with atypical neurovegetative symptoms of hypersomnia and hyperphagia, as is seen in SAD; and (b) those with low seasonality, who showed a primary clustering of classic CFS symptoms (fatigue, aches, cognitive disturbance), with depressed mood most closely associated with irritability, insomnia, and anxiety. It appears that a subgroup of patients with CFS shows seasonal variation in symptoms resembling those of SAD, with winter exacerbation. Light therapy may provide patients with CFS an effective treatment alternative or adjunct to antidepressant drugs.


Assuntos
Síndrome de Fadiga Crônica , Transtorno Afetivo Sazonal , Adulto , Sistema Nervoso Autônomo/fisiopatologia , Síndrome de Fadiga Crônica/complicações , Síndrome de Fadiga Crônica/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Fadiga Crônica/fisiopatologia , Síndrome de Fadiga Crônica/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Transtorno Afetivo Sazonal/complicações , Transtorno Afetivo Sazonal/diagnóstico , Transtorno Afetivo Sazonal/fisiopatologia , Transtorno Afetivo Sazonal/terapia , Estações do Ano
18.
Acta Physiol Scand ; 162(2): 141-8, 1998 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9550226

RESUMO

Diaphragmatic fatigue has been associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species. Among the defenses against reactive oxygen species is the glutathione redox system. The selenium-dependent enzyme glutathione peroxidase is an important component of this system. Thus, we hypothesized that selenium deficiency would lower glutathione peroxidase activity and render the diaphragm more susceptible to a mild exertional protocol. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a selenium-deficient or control diet for 12 weeks then divided into four experimental groups: (1) unloaded, basic diet with selenium supplementation (control); (2) unloaded, selenium-deficient diet; (3) loaded, basic diet with selenium supplementation; and (4) loaded, selenium-deficient diet. Diaphragmatic in vitro contractile properties, glutathione peroxidase activity and glutathione content were measured. During inspiratory resistive loading, the animals breathed against an inspiratory resistor at 70% of maximal airway pressure until the target pressure was not achieved for five consecutive breaths. Selenium deficiency resulted in a significant decrease in diaphragmatic glutathione peroxidase activity, without changes in total glutathione content. Neither selenium deficiency nor inspiratory resistive loading alone impaired diaphragmatic contractility. Selenium deficiency in conjunction with inspiratory resistive loading resulted in a significant decrease in diaphragmatic twitch and tetanic force, with a downward shift in the force/frequency curve. These data suggest that selenium deficiency lowers diaphragmatic glutathione peroxidase activity, and when these animals are subjected to the oxidative stress of resistive loading, there is an impairment in muscle function. We conclude that a functional glutathione peroxidase is necessary to protect the diaphragm against the effects of resistive loading.


Assuntos
Diafragma/fisiologia , Fadiga Muscular/fisiologia , Selênio/deficiência , Animais , Glutationa/metabolismo , Glutationa Peroxidase/metabolismo , Inalação/fisiologia , Contração Isométrica/fisiologia , Masculino , Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas/enzimologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo
20.
N Y State Dent J ; 63(5): 12, 13-4, 1997 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9188258
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA