Distribution and major driving elements of antibiotic resistance genes in the soil-vegetable system under microplastic stress.

Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are both enriched in soil-vegetable systems as a consequence of the prolonged use of agricultural mulches. MPs can form unique bacterial communities and provide potential hosts for ARGs. Therefore, MPs stress may promote the spread of ARGs from soil to crops. Increasing ARGs pollution in soil-vegetable system. In our research, we investigated the distribution and major driving elements of antibiotic resistance genes in the soil-vegetable system under microplastic stress. The results showed that MPs treatment decreased the relative abundance of ARGs in non-rhizosphere soil. High concentrations of MPs promoted the enrichment of tetracycline antibiotic resistance genes in rhizosphere soil. MPs treatment promoted the enrichment of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in lettuce tissues, and the overall abundance of ARGs in root after 0.5 %, 1 %, and 2 % (w/w, dry weight) polyethylene (PE) administration was considerably higher compared to that in the untreated group (p < 0.05). At the same time, high PE concentrations promoted the spread of sulfa ARGs from root to leaf. MPs also impacted the bacterial communities in the soil-plant system, and the changes in ARGs as well as MGEs in each part of the soil-vegetable system were significantly correlated with the bacterial diversity index (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis and network analysis showed that bacterial communities and MGEs were the main drivers of ARGs variation in soil-lettuce systems.

Advances in the Study of Selenium-Enriched Probiotics: From the Inorganic Se into Se Nanoparticles.

Selenium (Se) is a momentous metallic element that plays an irreplaceable role in biochemical activities. Se deficiency remains a nutritional challenge across the world. Organic Se supplementation is the most effective treatment means for Se deficiency. Organic Se transformed from Se-enriched probiotics show outstanding excellent properties in antibacteria, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and immunoregulation. Studying the influencing factors for Se enrichment capacity and enrichment mechanisms of Se-enriched probiotics is conducive to the exploit of more potent Se-enriched probiotics. Se-enriched probiotics transform inorganic Se into Se nanoparticles (SeNPs), which have been widely used in animal husbandry and biomedical field. In this paper, the novel development of Se-enriched probiotics is reviewed, and the bioactivities of SeNPs are assessed, so as to display their potential application prospects. The excellent role of SeNPs in anti-oxidation is summarized, and the mechanism by which SeNPs improve Se deficiency and boost animal health is explained.

The mediating effect of somatic symptom disorder between psychological factors and quality of life among Chinese breast cancer patients.

Objective: We conducted this cross-sectional study to explore the mediating and predicting role of somatic symptom disorder (SSD) between psychological measures and quality of life (QOL) among Chinese breast cancer patients. Methods: Breast cancer patients were recruited from three clinics in Beijing. Screening tools included the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (GAD-7), the Health Anxiety Scale (Whiteley Index-8, WI-8), the Somatic Symptom Disorder B-Criteria Scale (SSD-12), the Fear of Cancer Recurrence scale (FCR-4), the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ-8), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B). Chi-square tests, nonparametric tests, mediating effect analysis, and linear regression analysis were used for the data analysis. Results: Among the 264 participants, 25.0% were screened positive for SSD. The patients with screened positive SSD had a lower performance status, and a greater number of patients with screened positive SSD received traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) (p < 0.05). Strong mediating effects of SSD were found between psychological measures and QOL among patients with breast cancer after adjusting for sociodemographic variables as covariates (p < 0.001). The range of the percentage mediating effects was 25.67% (independent variable = PHQ-9) to 34.68% (independent variable = WI-8). Screened positive SSD predicted low QOL in physical (B = -0.476, p < 0.001), social (B = -0.163, p < 0.001), emotional (B = -0.304, p < 0.001), and functional (B = -0.283, p < 0.001) well-being, as well as substantial concerns caused by breast cancer (B = -0.354, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Screened positive SSD had strong mediating effects between psychological factors and quality of life among breast cancer patients. Additionally, screened positive SSD was a significant predictor of lower QOL among breast cancer patients. Effective psychosocial interventions for improving QOL should consider the prevention and treatment of SSD or integrated SSD caring dimensions for breast cancer patients.

Efficacy and safety of fire needle combined with cupping for acute herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia: A protocol for systemic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia showed an increasing incidence during past two decades. Most of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia patients suffered from pain, anxiety, and depression. Fire needle combined with cupping is becoming a popular way to relieve the pain caused by herpes zoster and decrease the incidence of post-herpetic neuralgia. In this study, we aim to investigating the efficacy and safety of fire needle combined with cupping for the treatment of acute herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). METHODS: The literature search will be carried out in following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Wanfang Data. Published and unpublished controlled trials compared fire needle combined with cupping to other treatments for acute herpes zoster or PHN will be included. Data from eligible studies will be extracted by 2 independent reviewers. Different scales will be used to assess the risk of bias based on the study design. Pain intensity and PHN are primary outcomes. The final effect size will be reported using 95% confidence interval at 0.05 significance level. DISCUSSION: This review will provide certain evidence to compare the efficacy and safety of combined acupuncture and cupping with guideline recommended drug or nerve block therapy for the treatment of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. It will potentially provide more clinical suggestions and guidelines for health care professionals, policymakers, and researchers.

Chinese herbal medicine xuebijing injection for acute pancreatitis: An overview of systematic reviews.

Background: At present, a number of systematic reviews (SRs) on Xuebijing injection (a patent in China) in the treatment of acute pancreatitis (AP) or severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) have been published. However, the quality of evidence is uneven and has not been comprehensively evaluated. Aim: We evaluated the efficacy of Xuebijing injection for AP/SAP through an overview of SR, and to provide a scientific basis for its effectiveness and safety. Methods: We searched Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP comprehensively. The retrieval period from inception to 30 November 2021, and the two reviewers independently complete the literature retrieval, data extraction and evaluation. The Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) and the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) were used to evaluate the methodological quality and reporting quality of the SRs, respectively. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to evaluate the quality grading of outcomes and the risk of bias in SRs was evaluated by ROBIS Tool. Finally, the RCTs involved in SRs were synthesized. Stata15.1 was used for quantitative analysis of total effectiveness rate, time until relief of abdominal pain, time until relief of abdominal distension, and serum amylase level. Results: Nine eligible SRs were included, including 92 RCTs and 6,837 participants. The quality of SRs was relatively good, and the manuscript structures were relatively complete. However, the methodological quality of SRs was low or critically low. RoB rated 5 SRs as low risk of bias and 4 SRs as high risk of bias. In GRADE, a total of 47 results were included in the 9 SRs, of which 5 results (10.64%) were moderate quality, 22 results (46.81%) were low quality, and 20 results (42.55%) were very low quality. The results of data synthesis showed that Xuebijing injection combined treatment increased the total effectiveness rate of AP patients (RR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.17-1.23, p < 0.0001), and there was no heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.589). Compared with the control group, Xuebijing injection group shortened the abdominal pain and distension relief time in AP patients (WMD = -1.69, 95% CI -1.88--1.50, p < 0.0001; WMD = -1.48, 95% CI -1.74--1.23, p < 0.0001), with high heterogeneity (I2 = 84.3%, p = 0.000; I2 = 72.2%, p = 0.000). Serum amylase level was also reduced (WMD = -2.06, 95% CI -2.47--1.64, p < 0.0001), with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 71.6%, p = 0.000). A total of one SR reported adverse drug reaction (ADR), no ADRs were observed in the control group. Conclusion: Although the quality of the evidence is not high, it can still reflect the clinical value of Xuebijing injection as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of AP/SAP. Therefore, future clinical studies should focus on the long-term efficacy and adverse reactions of drugs. Systematic Review Registration: (website), identifier (registration number).

Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on mood symptoms in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: and purpose: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has gained increasing attention in the treatment of psychological disorders, but evidence is required to support practice. This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the current evidence for CBT's effectiveness in relieving symptoms of anxiety and depression experienced by patients with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases were systematically searched from inception to March 27, 2020. Both randomized controlled trials and cluster-randomized controlled trials were included in our review. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 15.1 software. RESULTS: A total of six trials, including 675 participants, were analyzed. The results demonstrated that CBT was superior to standard care in relieving symptoms of depression (standardized mean difference = -0.20; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.39 to -0.01; P = 0.004). The effectiveness of CBT in relieving symptoms of anxiety experienced by patients with ICDs (standardized mean difference = -0.70; 95% CI: -1.10 to -0.30; P < 0.001) as well as the heterogeneity (I2 = 77%) were significant. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis indicates that CBT effectively relieves symptoms of anxiety and depression experienced by patients with ICDs. Clinical personnel should pay close attention to the mental health of patients with ICDs and adopt CBT as a management strategy for such patients.

Acupuncture for Relieving Abdominal Pain and Distension in Acute Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Clinical evidence suggests that acupuncture is effective for relieving abdominal pain and distension in acute pancreatitis (AP). However, there is a lack of systematic reviews and meta-analyses that provide high-quality evidence of the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in this context. Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for relieving abdominal pain and distension in AP. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and China Biomedical Literature databases. Randomized controlled trials of acupuncture plus routine treatment (RT) vs. RT alone or RT plus sham/placebo acupuncture were included. Primary outcomes included total effectiveness rate, VAS scores for abdominal pain and distension, and time until relief of abdominal pain and distension. Secondary outcomes included time until recovery of bowel sound, time until first defecation, length of hospital stay, and APACHE II score. Results: Nineteen eligible original studies (n = 1,503) were included. The results showed that acupuncture in combination with RT had a significant advantage in terms of increasing the total effectiveness rate [risk ratio: 1.15; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-1.24; P = 0.001]. Acupuncture also reduced the VAS score for abdominal pain [weighted mean difference (WMD): -1.45; 95% CI: -1.71 to -1.19; P < 0.0001] and the VAS score for abdominal distension (WMD: -0.71; 95% CI: -1.04 to -0.37; P < 0.0001) in patients with AP. Other results also showed the efficacy of acupuncture. One study reported adverse events after acupuncture. Conclusion: Acupuncture in combination with RT has a better effect than RT alone for relieving abdominal pain and distension in AP. More rigorous studies are needed to confirm this result. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO CRD42019147503 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=147503).

Shenfu injection for heart failure based on the AMSTAR-2, PRISMA, and GRADE tools.

BACKGROUND: Evidence of the efficacy of Shenfu injection (SFI) in the treatment of heart failure (HF) is inconsistent. This study aimed to strictly evaluate the methodological quality, reporting quality, and evidence quality of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) on the efficacy of SFI. METHODS: From inception to December 2020, using standardized search strategies, we searched for relevant SRs and MAs in the following seven databases: Cochrane library, Embase, PubMed, SinoMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, and VIP Database. The Appraisal Tool for Systematic Reviews of Randomized and Observational Studies 2 (AMSTAR-2) and Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) tools were used to evaluate the methodological and reporting quality of SRs, respectively. The quality of results was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. If necessary, we conducted quantitative synthesis or descriptive analysis of the original data. RESULTS: There were 12 SRs/MAs involving 302 original randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and more than 22,445 participants (the total number was not mentioned in 1 study). The treatment group was classified as SFI combined with western medicine (WM), while the control group was WM alone. The methodological quality of all the literatures was very low, and the quality of reports was relatively good, with an average PRISMA score of 18.25 points. We evaluated 52 outcomes, of which 3 were moderate quality, 13 were low quality, and the rest were very low quality. Low quality evidences indicated that the clinical efficacy of SFI combined with WM for HF was better than that of WM, which can improve the quality of life and cardiac function of patients. CONCLUSIONS: It appeared that SFI was effective in the treatment of HF. Due to the low quality of methodology and reports in the literature, we cannot be sure of the results. We strongly recommend that more high-level RCTs be carried out in the future. Besides, researchers should strictly comply with the AMSTAR-2, PRISMA, and GRADE guidelines for SRs.

Ju Re Ba Du therapy for Postherpetic neuralgia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is one of the most common types of chronic neuropathic pain, which seriously affects quality of the life because of pain severity and poor response to the currently available treatments. Ju Re Ba Du therapy as a form of acupuncture therapy which is proved to be effective in RCTs and very suitable for patients, has been used in Postherpetic neuralgia in patients for a long time, therefore a systematic review is necessary to provide available evidence for further study. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The following databases will be searched from their inception to October 2020: Electronic database includes PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Nature, Science online, VIP medicine information, and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure). PRIMARY OUTCOME: pain intensity assessed on a visual analogue scale (VAS); Additional outcomes:Data will be extracted by two researchers independently, risk of bias of the meta-analysis will be evaluated based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. All data analysis will be conducted by data statistics software Review Manager V.5.3. and Stata V.12.0. RESULTS: The results of this study will systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Ju Re Ba Du therapy intervention for people with Postherpetic neuralgia. CONCLUSION: The systematic review of this study will summarize the current published evidence of Ju Re Ba Du therapy for the treatment of Postherpetic neuralgia, which can further guide the promotion and application of it. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study is a systematic review, the outcomes are based on the published evidence, so examination and agreement by the ethics committee are not required in this study. We intend to publish the study results in a journal or conference presentations. OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER: September 29, 2020 osf.io/r6y9b. (https://osf.io/r6y9b).

Safety and effectiveness of acupuncture for POSEIDON patients in IVF/ICSI: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for POSEIDON patients undergoing IVF/ICSI. METHODS: and analysis We will electronically search Pubmed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biomedical Literature Database, China Science Journal Database and Wan-fang Database from their inception. Also, we will manually retrieve other resources, including reference lists of identified publications, conference articles, and grey literature. The clinical randomized controlled trials or quasi randomized controlled trials related to acupuncture treatment for POSEIDON patients in IVF/ICSI will be included in the study. The language is limited to Chinese and English. Research selection, data extraction, and research quality assessment will be independently completed by two researchers. Data were synthesized by using a fixed effect model or random effect model depend on the heterogeneity test. The clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and live birth rate (LBR) will be the primary outcomes. The ongoing pregnancy, miscarriage rate (MR) and adverse events will also be assessed as secondary outcomes. RevMan V.5.3 statistical software will be used for meta-analysis, and the level of evidence will be assessed by Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Continuous data will be expressed in the form of weighted mean difference or standardized mean difference with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), while dichotomous data will be expressed in the form of relative risk with 95% CIs. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The protocol of this systematic review (SR) does not require ethical approval because it does not involve humans. We will publish this article in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: OSF Registries, DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/6WP2F (https://osf.io/6wp2f).

Efficacy and safety of acupuncture on relieving abdominal pain and distension for acute pancreatitis: A protocol for systematic review.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture on relieving abdominal pain and distension in acute pancreatitis. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will electronically search PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biomedical Literature Database, China Science Journal Database, and Wanfang Database from their inception. Furthermore, we will manually retrieve other resources, including reference lists of identified publications, conference articles, and gray literature. The clinical randomized controlled trials or quasi-randomized controlled trials related to acupuncture treating acute pancreatitis will be included in the study. The language is limited to Chinese and English. Research selection, data extraction, and research quality assessment will be independently completed by 2 researchers. Data will be synthesized using a fixed effects model or random effects model depending on the heterogeneity test. The overall response rate and the visual analog scale score will be the primary outcomes. The time of first bowel sound, the time of first defecation, the length of hospitalization, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score, and the adverse events will also be assessed as secondary outcomes. RevMan 5 (version 5.3) statistical software will be used for meta-analysis, and the level of evidence will be assessed by Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Continuous data will be expressed in the form of weighted mean difference or standardized mean difference with 95% confidence intervals, whereas dichotomous data will be expressed in the form of risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The protocol of this systematic review does not require ethical approval because it does not involve humans. We will publish this article in peer-reviewed journals and present at relevant conferences. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42019147503.

CdO nanosheet film with a (200)-preferred orientation with sensitivity to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) at low-temperatures.

CdO nanosheet film can be synthesized by electrochemical deposition in an ultra-thin liquid layer by using Cd(NO(3))(2) and HNO(3) as source materials for Cd and oxygen respectively. HNO(3) is also used to adjust the pH of the electrolyte. Studies on the detailed structure indicate that the synthesized CdO nanosheet film has a face-centered cubic structure with (200)-preferred orientation. The response of the CdO nanosheet film to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) at low temperature has been significantly improved by the novel structure of film. It has exhibited excellent sensitivity and selectivity to LPG at low temperature. A new growth mechanism of electrochemical deposition has been proposed to elaborate the formation of nanosheet in an ultra-thin liquid layer. The self-oscillation of potential in the growth interface and intermediate hydroxide are responsible for the formation of nanosheets.