RESUMO
The identification of small molecule inhibitors of IRAK4 for the treatment of autoimmune diseases has been an area of intense research. We discovered novel 4,6-diaminonicotinamides which potently inhibit IRAK4. Optimization efforts were aided by X-ray crystal structures of inhibitors bound to IRAK4. Structure activity relationship (SAR) studies led to the identification of compound 29 which exhibited sub-micromolar potency in a LTA stimulated cellular assay.
Assuntos
Desenho de Fármacos , Quinases Associadas a Receptores de Interleucina-1/antagonistas & inibidores , Niacinamida/química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Sítios de Ligação , Cristalografia por Raios X , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Quinases Associadas a Receptores de Interleucina-1/metabolismo , Janus Quinase 3/química , Janus Quinase 3/metabolismo , Conformação Molecular , Simulação de Dinâmica Molecular , Niacinamida/metabolismo , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/metabolismo , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
A useful and novel set of tool molecules have been identified which bind irreversibly to the JAK3 active site cysteine residue. The design was based on crystal structure information and a comparative study of several electrophilic warheads.
Assuntos
Janus Quinase 3/antagonistas & inibidores , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Sítios de Ligação , Domínio Catalítico , Linhagem Celular , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Janus Quinase 1/antagonistas & inibidores , Janus Quinase 1/metabolismo , Janus Quinase 2/antagonistas & inibidores , Janus Quinase 2/metabolismo , Janus Quinase 3/metabolismo , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
In search for prodrugs to address the issue of pH-dependent solubility and exposure associated with 1 (BMS-582949), a previously disclosed phase II clinical p38α MAP kinase inhibitor, a structurally novel clinical prodrug, 2 (BMS-751324), featuring a carbamoylmethylene linked promoiety containing hydroxyphenyl acetic acid (HPA) derived ester and phosphate functionalities, was identified. Prodrug 2 was not only stable but also water-soluble under both acidic and neutral conditions. It was effectively bioconverted into parent drug 1 in vivo by alkaline phosphatase and esterase in a stepwise manner, providing higher exposure of 1 compared to its direct administration, especially within higher dose ranges. In a rat LPS-induced TNFα pharmacodynamic model and a rat adjuvant arthritis model, 2 demonstrated similar efficacy to 1. Most importantly, it was shown in clinical studies that prodrug 2 was indeed effective in addressing the pH-dependent absorption issue associated with 1.