Guidelines for the Management of Atopic Dermatitis in Children: A Systematic Review.

INTRODUCTION: Numerous guidelines have been published for atopic dermatitis management in children in recent years. To date, the quality of the newest guidelines has not been appraised. This study aimed to identify and evaluate guidelines for the management of atopic dermatitis in children. METHODS: We reviewed the literature retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, ScienceDirect, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, and guidelines websites. Search period from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2021. The following keywords were used for searching: "atopic dermatitis," "atopic eczema," "eczema," "guideline," and "consensus." The quality of the guidelines was assessed by two assessors using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument independently, and domain scores >60% were considered to have sufficient quality. The guideline recommendations were reviewed. RESULTS: Nineteen guidelines were included in the study. Three guidelines had a graded A level, which was recommended for use in practice. Eleven guidelines had a graded B level, which was recommended for use in revision. The remaining five guidelines were rated with C level, which was not recommended. The average score of six domains of AGREE II was 64.76%, 48.53%, 42.35%, 73.83%, 32.23%, and 70.17%, respectively. A consistency test showed an intraclass correlation coefficient range of 0.497 (95% CI: 0.105, 0.705) to 0.970 (95% CI: 0.93, 0.987) based on the two assessors' test results for the guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Most guidelines were recommended for use with revision. No significant changes were observed in the primary management of atopic dermatitis in children compared to previous evidence. New biological agents and complementary alternative medicine are increasingly available, but the evidence for the treatment of atopic dermatitis in children is still limited.

Curcumin Prevents Brain Damage and Cognitive Dysfunction During Ischemic-reperfusion Through the Regulation of miR-7-5p.

OBJECTIVE: This study was to investigate the potential protective effects of curcumin in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) and its regulation of miR-7. METHODS: Rats were occluded by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1.5 h and reperfused for 2 h to establish a local CIR model. After 24 hours of model establishment, MCAO rats were given curcumin for 3 days by intragastric administration. PC12 cells were cultured for 6 h in oxygen-glucose deprivation medium and then reoxygenated for 24 h to establish an oxygenglucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model. The OGD/R model cells were treated with curcumin for 48 h. RESULTS: Curcumin inhibited the decrease of miR-7-5p expression and an increase of RelA p65 expression induced by CIR and ODG/R. RelA p65 was a target of miR-7-5p. MiR-7-5p antagonists were able to counteract the effect of curcumin on the expression of RelA p65 in ischemic brain tissue of MCAO rats and OGD/R model cells. Curcumin improved OGD/R-induced inhibition of cell activity, necrosis and apoptosis. Curcumin significantly reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1ß, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the activity of superoxide dismutases (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in OGD/R-induced cells. Curcumin may inhibit OGD/R-induced cell damage by regulating miR-7-5p. Curcumin improved cerebral infarction, nerve damage and cognitive dysfunction in rats with CIR, which may be related to the regulation of miR-7-5p/RelA p65 axis. CONCLUSION: Curcumin exerts cerebral protection by attenuating cell necrosis and apoptosis, inflammatory response and oxidative stress following CIR, which may be related to its regulation of the miR-7/RELA p65 axis.

[Adsorbed non-point source pollution load of Jialing River basin].

Based on the American Universal Soil Loss Equation, focused on the two main factors that are hydrology condition and land management practice which can influence the soil loss in the watershed change yearly, and took into account the sediment transport process which can effect the soil loss differ spatially, a new sediment load evaluation method was put forward which can reflect the yearly change process of soil loss. Took Jialing River basin as a research example and validated the new evaluation method. Furthermore, according to the correlation between the sediment load and adsorbed nitrogen and phosphorus pollution load, established a yearly load evaluation model of the adsorbed nitrogen and phosphorus pollution. By virtue of the geographical information technology, the yearly load and spatial distribution of the adsorbed nitrogen and phosphorus pollution due to soil erosion in the Jialing River basin from 1990 to 2005 have been studied by the established model. The results show that adsorbed phase of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution are quite seriously in the subbasin of Bailong River and Xihanshui River. In recent years, adsorbed nitrogen and phosphorus pollution loads have declined year by year because of the conservation practices of soil and water in this basin. The average loads of adsorbed nitrogen and phosphorus pollution are 34 423 t/a and 1 848 t/a respectively in the past five years, which have reduced by about 60% from 1990.