RESUMO
SYP-34773 is a pyrimidinamine derivative and a novel fungicide modified from diflumetorim. This study determined the antimicrobial spectrum of SYP-34773, which showed it could strongly inhibit the growth of some important plant pathogens including fungi and oomycetes. In particular, Phytophthora infestans is an oomycete sensitive to SYP-34773, and the mycelium growth stage was found to be the most sensitive stage, with an EC50 value of 0.2030 µg/mL. At a concentration of 200 µg/mL, SYP-34773 displayed an excellent control efficacy of 69.55% and 81.48% against potato and tomato blight disease caused by P. infestans under field conditions, respectively. Mode of action investigations showed that this fungicide could cause severe ultrastructure damage to the mycelia of P. infestans, inhibit its respiration, and increase the cell membrane permeability of this pathogen. The results of this study could provide useful information for the fungicide registration and application of SYP-34773 as a novel fungicide.
Assuntos
Fungicidas Industriais , Phytophthora infestans , Solanum lycopersicum , Solanum tuberosum , Fungicidas Industriais/farmacologia , Doenças das PlantasRESUMO
Volatile oils were obtained by hydro-distillation from Gliomastix murorum and Pichia guilliermondii, two endophytic fungi isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. The oils were analyzed for their chemical composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Palmitic acid (15.5%), (E)-9-octadecenoic acid (11.6%), 6-pentyl-5,6-dihydropyran-2-one (9.7%), and (7Z,10Z)-7,10- hexadecadienoic acid (8.3%) were the major compounds of the 40 identified components in G. murorum volatile oil. 1,1,3a,7-Tetramethyl-1a,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7b-octahydro-1H-cyclopropa[a]- naphthalene (25.9%), palmitic acid (15.5%), 1-methyl-2,4-di- (prop-1-en-2-yl)-1- vinylcyclohexane (7.9%), (E)-9-octadecenoic acid (7.3%), and (9E,12E)-ethyl-9,12-octadecadienoate (5.2%) were the major compounds of the 27 identified components in P. guilliermondii volatile oil. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the volatile oils was also investigated to evaluate their efficacy against six bacteria and one phytopathogenic fungus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the volatile oils against the test bacteria ranged from 0.20 mg/mL to 1.50 mg/mL. One of the most sensitive bacteria was Xanthomonas vesicatoria with an MIC of 0.20 mg/mL and 0.40 mg/mL for G. murorum and P. guilliermondii, respectively. The mean inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the volatile oils against spore germination of Magnaporthe oryzae was 0.84 mg/mL for G. murorum and 1.56 mg/mL for P. guilliermondii. These results indicated that the volatile oils from the endophytic fungi have strong antimicrobial activity and could be a potential source of antimicrobial ingredients.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/química , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Ascomicetos/química , Óleos Voláteis/química , Pichia/química , Plantas/microbiologia , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Fungos/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Magnaporthe/efeitos dos fármacos , Magnaporthe/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Esporos Bacterianos/efeitos dos fármacos , Esporos Bacterianos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Esporos Fúngicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Esporos Fúngicos/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the Biological effect of seed-coating in Carthamus tinctorins. METHOD: Two kinds of seedcoating chemicals SCF1 and SCF2 were used in this experiment, the seed YM-99 and 27981-99 were coated by three kinds of ratio of seedcoating chemicals to seed. It was investigated that the germination energy and germination percentage in the room and the emergence rate, seedling stage growing, pest in the field. RESULT: Seedoating can improve the emergence rate and seedling stage growing, it also can effectively control aphid, rust and virosis during the growing period in C. tinctorins. CONCLUSION: Seedcoating has significant biological effect in C. tinctorins.
Assuntos
Carthamus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Praguicidas/farmacologia , Reguladores de Crescimento de Plantas/farmacologia , Plantas Medicinais/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Preparações de Ação Retardada , Germinação/efeitos dos fármacos , Doenças das Plantas , Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To screen seed coating formulation and to investigate culturing seedling technique for Panax notoginseng (Sanqi). METHODS: Fungus check for the seeds in room and study on medicament disinfecting effect were carried out to obtain three optimum seed coating formulation. In contrast with routine medicament immersing seed and blank test, the effects of different seed coating formulation, rate between medicament and seed, and coating time were studied on nursery rate, yield and quality of Sanqi. RESULTS: The different seed coating formulation had evident difference on Sanqi. Concentration of seed coating formulation and coating time notably affected nursery rate and yield of Sanqi. CONCLUSION: The optimum method is using No. SQ2 seed coation formulation in the rate 1:50 between medicament and seed, and coated one or two days before sowing.