RESUMO
Two new prenylated compounds, the benzoquinone atrovirinone (1) and the depsidone atrovirisidone (2), were isolated from the roots of Garcinia atroviridis. Their structures were determined on the basis of the analysis of spectroscopic data. While compound 2 showed some cytotoxicity against HeLa cells, both compounds 1 and 2 were only mildly inhibitory toward Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Benzoquinonas/isolamento & purificação , Lactonas/isolamento & purificação , Plantas Medicinais/química , Adolescente , Antibacterianos , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Aspergillus ochraceus/efeitos dos fármacos , Bacillus cereus/efeitos dos fármacos , Benzoquinonas/química , Benzoquinonas/farmacologia , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Colchicina/farmacologia , Doxorrubicina/farmacologia , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Células HeLa , Humanos , Lactonas/química , Lactonas/farmacologia , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Malásia , Estrutura Molecular , Raízes de Plantas/química , Espectrofotometria Infravermelho , Espectrofotometria Ultravioleta , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Estreptomicina/farmacologia , Células Tumorais Cultivadas/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Crude extracts (methanol) of various parts, viz. the leaves, fruits, roots, stem and trunk bark, of Garcinia atroviridis were screened for antimicrobial, cytotoxic, brine shrimp toxic, antitumour-promoting and antioxidant activities. The crude extracts exhibited predominantly antibacterial activity with the root extract showing the strongest inhibition against the test bacteria at a minimum inhibitory dose (MID) of 15.6 microg/disc. Although all the extracts failed to inhibit the growth of most of the test fungi, significant antifungal activity against Cladosporium herbarum was exhibited by most notably the fruit (MID: 100 microg), and the leaf (MID: 400 microg) extracts. None of the extracts were significantly cytotoxic, and lethal towards brine shrimps. The root, leaf, trunk and stem bark extracts (except for the fruits) showed strong antioxidant activity exceeding that of the standard antioxidant, alpha-tocopherol. Antitumour-promoting activity (>95% inhibition) was shown by the fruit, leaf, stem and trunk bark extracts.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Anticarcinógenos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Rosales/química , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Decápodes , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Testes de ToxicidadeRESUMO
Dichloromethane and methanol extracts of 13 Zingiberaceae species from the Alpinia, Costus and Zingiber genera were screened for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The antimicrobial activity of most of the extracts was antibacterial with only the methanol extract of Costus discolor showing very potent antifungal activity against only Aspergillus ochraceous (MID, 15.6 microg per disc). All the extracts showed strong antioxidant activity comparable with or higher that of alpha-tocopherol.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Zingiberales/química , Antibacterianos , Aspergillus/efeitos dos fármacos , Bacillus subtilis/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efeitos dos fármacos , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
The cytotoxicity of goniothalamin was found to be strong towards both cancerous (HGC-27, MCF-7, PANC-1, HeLa), and non-cancerous (3T3) cell lines, especially in cases of dividing cells. Drug exposure studies indicated that the cytotoxic action of goniothalamin was time- and dose-dependent. At the ultrastructural level, goniothalamin-induced cytotoxicity revealed a necrotic mode of cell death towards MCF-7 cells.