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1.
J Diabetes Investig ; 11(3): 626-632, 2020 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31659860

RESUMO

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: In Japan, an ideal bodyweight (IBW) calculated by 22 × height (m)2 has commonly been used in the planning of medical nutrition therapy (MNT). However, there have been concerns regarding calorie deficits in fulfilling resting energy expenditure (REE) for patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing MNT as defined by 25 kcal/kg IBW/day. The objective of the present study was to measure REE in patients with type 2 diabetes and verify the validity of MNT with 25 kcal/kg IBW/day. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out in 52 patients with type 2 diabetes (mean age was 65.9 ± 7.3 years, bodyweight 65.0 ± 11.3 kg, body mass index 24.9 ± 3.8 kg/m2 ). REE was measured by indirect calorimetry. RESULTS: The mean REE was 1,601.0 ± 253.1 kcal/day. Assuming that all patients strictly observed daily energy intake as 25 kcal/kg IBW/day, 41 of 52 patients (78.9%) did not reach their REE. The greater the bodyweight, the greater the difference between assumed energy intake as 25 kcal/kg IBW and REE. CONCLUSIONS: We call attention to the potential risk of total dietary energy intake set to 25 kcal/kg IBW/day. Clinicians should carefully plan MNT to not fall below a patient's REE to prevent sarcopenia and ensure MNT continuity.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/dietoterapia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Ingestão de Energia , Metabolismo Energético , Terapia Nutricional/métodos , Idoso , Índice de Massa Corporal , Calorimetria Indireta , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Peso Corporal Ideal , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos
2.
Int J Mol Sci ; 19(3)2018 Feb 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29495403

RESUMO

Sei-hai-to (TJ-90, Qing Fei Tang), a Chinese traditional medicine, increases ciliary beat frequency (CBF) and ciliary bend angle (CBA) mediated via cAMP (3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) accumulation modulated by Ca2+-activated phosphodiesterase 1 (PDE1A). A high concentration of TJ-90 (≥40 µg/mL) induced two types of CBF increases, a transient increase (an initial increase, followed by a decrease) and a sustained increase without any decline, while it only sustained the CBA increase. Upon inhibiting increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) by 10 µM BAPTA-AM (Ca2+-chelator, 1,2-Bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetrakis(acetoxymethyl ester) or Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent PDE1 by 8MmIBMX (a selective PDE1 inhibitor), TJ-90 (400 µg/mL) induced only the sustained CBF increase without any transient CBF increase. The two types of the CBF increase (the transient increase and the sustained increase) induced by TJ-90 (≥40 µg/mL) were mimicked by the stimulation with both procaterol (100 pM) and ionomycin (500 nM). Thus, TJ-90 stimulates small increases in the intracellular cAMP concentration ([cAMP]i) and [Ca2+]i in airway ciliary cells of mice. These small increases in [cAMP]i and [Ca2+]i cause inducing a transient CBF increase or a sustained CBF increase in an airway ciliary cells, depending on the dominant signal, Ca2+-signal, or cAMP-signal.


Assuntos
Cálcio/metabolismo , Cílios/efeitos dos fármacos , AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Nucleotídeo Cíclico Fosfodiesterase do Tipo 1/metabolismo , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Mucosa Respiratória/efeitos dos fármacos , Mucosa Respiratória/metabolismo , Animais , Proteínas Quinases Dependentes de AMP Cíclico/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteínas Quinases Dependentes de AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Ácido Egtázico/análogos & derivados , Ácido Egtázico/farmacologia , Feminino , Camundongos , Nigericina/análogos & derivados , Nigericina/farmacologia , Procaterol/farmacologia
3.
Molecules ; 22(2)2017 Jan 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28146071

RESUMO

Disorder of blood pressure control causes serious diseases in the cardiovascular system. This review focuses on the anti-hypertensive action of quercetin, a flavonoid, which is one of the polyphenols characterized as the compounds containing large multiples of phenol structural units, by varying the values of various blood pressure regulatory factors, such as vascular compliance, peripheral vascular resistance, and total blood volume via anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant actions. In addition to the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant actions of quercetin, we especially describe a novel mechanism of quercetin's action on the cytosolic Cl- concentration ([Cl-]c) and novel roles of the cytosolic Cl- i.e.: (1) quercetin elevates [Cl-]c by activating Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl- cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) in renal epithelial cells contributing to Na⁺ reabsorption via the epithelial Na⁺ channel (ENaC); (2) the quercetin-induced elevation of [Cl-]c in renal epithelial cells diminishes expression of ENaC leading to a decrease in renal Na⁺ reabsorption; and (3) this reduction of ENaC-mediated Na⁺ reabsorption in renal epithelial cells drops volume-dependent elevated blood pressure. In this review, we introduce novel, unique mechanisms of quercetin's anti-hypertensive action via activation of NKCC1 in detail.


Assuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos/farmacologia , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Polifenóis/farmacologia , Quercetina/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios , Anti-Hipertensivos/química , Anti-Hipertensivos/metabolismo , Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Antioxidantes , Cloretos/metabolismo , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Canais Epiteliais de Sódio/genética , Canais Epiteliais de Sódio/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Polifenóis/química , Polifenóis/metabolismo , Polifenóis/uso terapêutico , Quercetina/química , Quercetina/metabolismo , Quercetina/uso terapêutico , Membro 2 da Família 12 de Carreador de Soluto/metabolismo
4.
Biomed Res ; 35(5): 321-7, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25355439

RESUMO

The present study was designed to investigate effects and molecular mechanisms of Coptidis Rhizoma extracts (CRE) on the improvement of insulin resistance induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in adipocytes. We examined whether CRE administration could directly influence the insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Potential roles of CRE in glucose consumption, mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferators activated receptor (PPAR-γ), expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) protein, and phosphorylation of IRS-1 Ser307 were also investigated in the present study. Our data demonstrated that TNF-α significantly reduced levels of glucose consumption and IRS-1 protein expression, while TNF-α increased the phosphorylation of IRS-1 Ser307 in adipocytes 24 h after the challenge, suggesting that TNF-α induced a condition with the occurrence of insulin resistance. Those alterations induced by TNF-α were prevented and the mRNA expression of PPAR-γ was up-regulated by the administration of CRE. Thus, our results indicate that CRE can be used to prevent from the TNF-α-induced insulin resistance through PPAR-γ pathways.


Assuntos
Adipócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Adipócitos/metabolismo , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Resistência à Insulina , Células 3T3-L1 , Adipócitos/citologia , Animais , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Coptis chinensis , Expressão Gênica , Proteínas Substratos do Receptor de Insulina/genética , Proteínas Substratos do Receptor de Insulina/metabolismo , Camundongos , PPAR gama/genética , PPAR gama/metabolismo , Fosforilação , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo
5.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 432(4): 650-3, 2013 Mar 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23416075

RESUMO

Propolis, a resinous mixture collected from plants by the Apis mellifera bee, contains high level nutrient factors including vitamins, polyphenols, and amino acids that would be expected to improve insulin sensitivity. Insulin resistance would secondarily cause elevation of blood pressure and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of propolis extracts on blood glucose levels and blood pressures in an early developmental stage of insulin resistance in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. OLETF rats (10 weeks old) were divided into three different groups: normal diet, 0.1% propolis diet, and 0.5% propolis diet. After 8 weeks, blood glucose levels, blood pressures, plasma metabolic factors and hormones, and interstitial fluid pH were measured. Casual blood glucose levels were decreased associated with a reduction of plasma insulin levels in both propolis diet groups compared with normal diet group. Propolis decreased systolic blood pressure with no significant changes in plasma aldosterone levels. We also found that interstitial fluid pH in ascites, liver, and skeletal muscle was higher in rats fed propolis diet than rats fed normal diet. These data suggests that dietary propolis improves insulin sensitivity and blood pressures in the early stage of the process in development of insulin resistance, which may be mediated by suppression of metabolic acidosis.


Assuntos
Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Suplementos Nutricionais , Líquido Extracelular/efeitos dos fármacos , Resistência à Insulina , Própole/administração & dosagem , Tecido Adiposo/efeitos dos fármacos , Aldosterona/sangue , Animais , Glicemia/efeitos dos fármacos , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Líquido Extracelular/química , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio/efeitos dos fármacos , Insulina/sangue , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos OLETF , Urina/química
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