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1.
Nutrients ; 16(4)2024 Feb 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38398809

RESUMO

(1) Objectives: Intestinal failure in home parenteral nutrition patients (HPNPs) results in oxidative stress and liver damage. This study investigated how a high dose of fish oil (FO) added to various lipid emulsions influences antioxidant status and liver function markers in HPNPs. (2) Methods: Twelve HPNPs receiving Smoflipid for at least 3 months were given FO (Omegaven) for a further 4 weeks. Then, the patients were randomized to subsequently receive Lipoplus and ClinOleic for 6 weeks or vice versa plus 4 weeks of Omegaven after each cycle in a crossover design. Twelve age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included. (3) Results: Superoxide dismutase (SOD1) activity and oxidized-low-density lipoprotein concentration were higher in all baseline HPN regimens compared to HCs. The Omegaven lowered SOD1 compared to baseline regimens and thus normalized it toward HCs. Lower paraoxonase 1 activity and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) concentration and, on the converse, higher alkaline phosphatase activity and cholesten concentration were observed in all baseline regimens compared to HCs. A close correlation was observed between FGF19 and SOD1 in baseline regimens. (4) Conclusions: An escalated dose of FO normalized SOD1 activity in HPNPs toward that of HCs. Bile acid metabolism was altered in HPNPs without signs of significant cholestasis and not affected by Omegaven.


Assuntos
Colestase , Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio , Humanos , Superóxido Dismutase-1 , Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas , Óleos de Peixe , Óleo de Soja , Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio/métodos
2.
Nutrients ; 12(8)2020 Aug 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32781598

RESUMO

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3PUFAs) are introduced into parenteral nutrition (PN) as hepatoprotective but may be susceptible to the lipid peroxidation while olive oil (OO) is declared more peroxidation resistant. We aimed to estimate how the lipid composition of PN mixture affects plasma and erythrocyte lipidome and the propensity of oxidative stress. A cross-sectional comparative study was performed in a cohort of adult patients who were long-term parenterally administered ω-3 PUFAs without (FO/-, n = 9) or with (FO/OO, n = 13) olive oil and healthy age- and sex-matched controls, (n = 30). Lipoperoxidation assessed as plasma and erythrocyte malondialdehyde content was increased in both FO/- and FO/OO groups but protein oxidative stress (protein carbonyls in plasma) and low redox status (GSH/GSSG in erythrocytes) was detected only in the FO/- subcohort. The lipidome of all subjects receiving ω-3 PUFAs was enriched with lipid species containing ω-3 PUFAs (FO/-˃FO/OO). Common characteristic of all PN-dependent patients was high content of fatty acyl-esters of hydroxy-fatty acids (FAHFAs) in plasma while acylcarnitines and ceramides were enriched in erythrocytes. Plasma and erythrocyte concentrations of plasmanyls and plasmalogens (endogenous antioxidants) were decreased in both patient groups with a significantly more pronounced effect in FO/-. We confirmed the protective effect of OO in PN mixtures containing ω-3 PUFAs.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas/farmacologia , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/farmacologia , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Nutrição Parenteral/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Transversais , Eritrócitos/metabolismo , Feminino , Óleos de Peixe/farmacologia , Humanos , Enteropatias/sangue , Enteropatias/terapia , Lipidômica , Lipídeos/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Azeite de Oliva/farmacologia , Nutrição Parenteral/efeitos adversos
3.
Nutr Res ; 72: 70-79, 2019 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31759770

RESUMO

Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate immune cell functions. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different lipid emulsions (LEs) with supplemented doses of fish oil (FO) on serum cytokine concentration and in vitro cytokine production in patients with intestinal failure on home parenteral nutrition (HPNPs). We hypothesized that FO supplementation would diminish lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cytokine production. Twelve HPNPs receiving Smoflipid for at least 3 months were given FO (Omegaven) for a further 4 weeks. After this cycle, the patients were randomized to subsequently receive 1 cycle with Lipoplus and 1 cycle with ClinOleic for 6 weeks or vice versa plus 4 weeks of added Omegaven after each cycle in a crossover design. Comparison of the baseline LE regimens showed lower LPS-stimulated production of IL-1ß in the HPNPs on Lipoplus than on the Smoflipid and ClinOleic regimens, as well as lower IL-8 compared to the Smoflipid regimen. Omegaven reduced IL-8 concentration in serum under the Lipoplus regimen and diminished LPS-stimulated production of IL-1ß under the Smoflipid and ClinOleic. IL-6 and TNF-α production was depressed only in those on Smoflipid. Irrespective of the LE used, the HPNPs compared to the healthy controls showed higher IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α concentrations in serum and LPS-stimulated production of IL-6 as well as lower n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the erythrocyte phospholipids. LPS-stimulated production of IL-6 correlated negatively with the parenteral dose of eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid. In conclusion, FO-supplemented parenteral nutrition suppresses in vitro cytokine production.


Assuntos
Citocinas/sangue , Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas/farmacologia , Óleos de Peixe/farmacologia , Nutrição Parenteral no Domicílio/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Cross-Over , Suplementos Nutricionais , Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas/administração & dosagem , Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas/metabolismo , Feminino , Óleos de Peixe/administração & dosagem , Óleos de Peixe/sangue , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
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