RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Approximately 45% of patients with heart failure had iron deficiency for the rest of their lives. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of iron treatment in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency or anemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The studies were selected in: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane and Google Scholar, from the beginning of June to July 2023. The selected articles that met the inclusion criteria, the relevant information of the studies were collected according to the selection variables and were recorded in the Revman 5.0 program of the Cochrane collaboration. The primary outcome was composed of hospitalization for heart failure or cardiovascular death. RESULTS: Of the 7 included studies, 6717 patients were obtained, the average age was 70 years with a predominance of the male gender (57%). The primary outcome was lower in patients in the control group compared to the placebo group (OR, 0.62; 95%CI, 0.54-0.70). The 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) was improved in the iron-supplemented group compared to the placebo group (OR, 0.79; 95%CI, 0.64-0.98). Adverse events were fewer in the iron supplement group compared to the placebo group (OR, 0.78; 95%CI, 0.67-0.91). CONCLUSION: In this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, the effect of iron supplementation is found to reduce the incidence rate of hospitalization for heart failure or cardiovascular death. In addition to a reduction in adverse events, such as gastrointestinal and neurological disorders, it also improves 6-MWT.