RESUMO
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the gastrointestinal tract have beneficial health effects. LAB activate the proliferation of intestinal stem cells and speed the recovery of damaged intestinal cells, but little is known about effect of LAB on other adult stem cells. In this study, a cell-free extract of Enterococcus faecium L-15 (L15) was exposed to mouse skin-derived precursor cells (SKPs), and the changes in characteristics associated with proliferation and self-renewal capacity were investigated. L15 increased the size of the spheres and the proliferation rate of SKPs. Cell cycle analysis revealed that cells in the S-phase increased after treatment with L15. In the L15-treated group, the total number of spheres significantly increased. The expression level of pluripotency marker genes also increased, while the mesenchymal lineage-related differentiation marker genes significantly decreased in the L15-treated group. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was activated by L15 in SKPs. These results indicate that L15 enhances proliferation and self-renewal of SKPs and may be used as a supplement for stem cell maintenance or application of stem cell therapy. This is the first report to investigate the functional effects of E. faecium on the proliferation and self-renewal capacity of SKPs.
Assuntos
Linhagem da Célula/efeitos dos fármacos , Misturas Complexas/farmacologia , Enterococcus faecium/química , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Probióticos/farmacologia , Células-Tronco/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Ciclo Celular/genética , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem da Célula/genética , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Misturas Complexas/química , Embrião de Mamíferos , Enterococcus faecium/metabolismo , Células Epiteliais/citologia , Células Epiteliais/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Glicogênio Sintase Quinase 3 beta/genética , Glicogênio Sintase Quinase 3 beta/metabolismo , Fator 4 Semelhante a Kruppel , Fatores de Transcrição Kruppel-Like/genética , Fatores de Transcrição Kruppel-Like/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Fator 3 de Transcrição de Octâmero/genética , Fator 3 de Transcrição de Octâmero/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/genética , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Cultura Primária de Células , Probióticos/química , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição SOXB1/genética , Fatores de Transcrição SOXB1/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Células-Tronco/citologia , Células-Tronco/metabolismoRESUMO
Cricopharygeal dysfunction (CPD) may lead to a range of symptoms including dysphagia and aspiration. Treatments for CPD have included mechanical dilation, myotomy and botulinum injection. Recently, the use of botulinum toxin injection has been reported to be safe and effective for the treatment of CPD. Ultrasonography guided technique, however, is not well established. A 55-year-old woman visited the hospital with a left cerebellar, lateral medullary, and pons infarct 4 years ago. A three-year conventional dysphagia therapy had not improved the patient's condition. Nutrition had been provided via a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube. Videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) showed CPD. Ultrasonography and elelctromyography-guided injection of 20 units of botulinum (Meditoxin®) in left cricopharyngeal muscle. One month after injection, the VFSS showed improvement in relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter. The patient could eat semisolid food and a soft diet at 1,200 kcal/day orally; the treatment was a success.