[Effect of foam sclerotherapy for the treatment of oropharyngeal venous malformation].

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of foam sclerotherapy with polidocanol for the treatment of venous malformation in the oropharynx. Methods: The clinical data of 21 children with venous malformation in the oropharynx treated by foam sclerotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. There were 10 males and 11 females, ranging in age from 1 month to 13 years, with a median age of 2.3 years. MRI was performed in all children, and the diagnosis was further confirmed by radiography. After general anesthesia, the oropharynx was exposed by opening device. Scalp acupuncture was used to pucture lesions and polidocanol foam was injected after the nidus was confirmed by digital subtraction angiography(DSA). The follow-up time ranged from 2-29 months, with a mean time of 15 months. The clinical symptoms, imaging data, therapeutic effects and postoperative complications were evaluated. Results: Total numbers of treatment were 52 times, 1-6 times/case; 13 cases were cured, 7 cases was relieved and no response in one case. Postoperative swelling in 13 cases, fever in 3 cases, local mucosal ulcer in 2 cases, difficult extubation in 2 cases. No nerve injury, swallowing function damage and cardiopulmonary accidents were found in all patients. Conclusion: Foam sclerotherapy with polidocanol in the treatment of venous malformation in the oropharynx is a safe and effective method.

[HPTLC separation and fluorodensitometric determination of isoquinoline alkaloids in Chelidonine majus L].

The quantitative analysis of isoquinoline alkaloids in Chelidonine majus L. was investigated and a HPTLC method has been established. Using this method, we separated and determined eight isoquinoline alkaloids, i.e. chelidonine, protopine, berberine, coptisine, tetrahydrocoptisine, 6-methoxydihydrochelerythrine, 6-methoxydihydrosanguinarine and dihydrosanguinarine. The HPTLC method developed used one developing system on high performance silica gel plate (10 x 10 cm). After separation of these eight alkaloids, fluorescence derivatization was carried out in situ. The content was determined by fluorescence scanning. TLC fluorescence derivatization, fluorescence enhancement and fluorescence stability have been studied. Experiments showed that this method is simple, fast, highly sensitive and highly selective.

[Determination of six Ephedra alkaloids in Chinese Ephedra (Ma Huang) by gas chromatography].

Six Ephedra alkaloids, namely ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine, norpseudoephedrine, methylephedrine and methylpseudoephedrine, in 12 species of Chinese Ephedra were successfully separated and determined by gas chromatography with the highly specific and sensitive nitrogen phosphorus detector (GC/NPD). The column used (HP-5) had a cross linked 5% phenylmethylsilicone phase. Diphenylamine was used as the internal standard to check the reproducibility of the extraction yields of the alkaloids, the stability of the detector response and to quantify the alkaloids. The contents of the six alkaloids were calculated according to their regression equations. The way for the preparation of crude drug samples was improved, the diethyl ether extract of the alkalized crude sample was directly analysed by GC. The method is simple, rapid and sensitive. The results are in agreement with those of the HPLC method.