RESUMO
Although still controversial, iron deficiency has been indicated as one of the risk factors for developing neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (EPSs), including akathisia, dystonia, and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Here we report our experience of iron supplementation and alternating neuroleptics for treating Parkinsonism in a schizophrenic female patient having severe iron deficient anemia.
Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Deficiências de Ferro , Doença de Parkinson Secundária/etiologia , Esquizofrenia/complicações , Antagonistas da Serotonina/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Antipsicóticos/administração & dosagem , Dibenzotiazepinas/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Humanos , Ferro/uso terapêutico , Doença de Parkinson Secundária/tratamento farmacológico , Fumarato de Quetiapina , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
Taijinkyofusho is a culture-related syndrome conceptualized in Japan. While previous studies suggest its psychopathological similarities to social phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorder, introspection regarding shame and low self-esteem is particularly linked to Japanese culture. We present three cases of Taijinkyofusho: Cases 1 and 2 show neurotic features while Case 3 shows delusional thoughts. Paroxetine was used for treatment but was productive in only the first two cases. Phobic and obsessive thought patterns were altered in Cases 1 and 2, suggesting that the significant core symptoms were responding to the treatment. In the future, large-scale pharmacological studies will be necessary to investigate treatment outcomes Taijinkyofusho. Such studies would contribute to providing information for effective treatment as well as for examining relationships between Taijinkyofusho and related disorders.
Assuntos
Cultura , Medicina Tradicional , Paroxetina/uso terapêutico , Transtornos Fóbicos/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores Seletivos de Recaptação de Serotonina/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Assistência Ambulatorial , Feminino , Humanos , Controle Interno-Externo , Japão , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtornos Fóbicos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Fóbicos/etnologia , Transtornos Fóbicos/psicologia , Autoimagem , Vergonha , Percepção SocialRESUMO
GIRK2 (G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K(+) channel 2) located on the Down syndrome region 21q22.2 in humans has been reported to have several alternative transcripts and transcripts longer than 4 kb that do not have the poly-A tail. We sequenced GIRK2 transcripts with a long 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) containing multiple adenylate uridylate-rich elements (AREs) with the poly-A tail. In a 16-kb transcript, 28 AUUUA pentanucleotides, 9 AUUUUA hexanucleotides, 5 AUUUUUA heptanucleotides, and 3 UUAUUUA[U/A][U/A] nonanucleotides were found. Northern blot and in situ hybridization revealed abundant expression of the 16-kb transcripts in the rat brain despite no detectable signals in other tissues examined. The AREs have been reported to mediate the turnover of mRNAs encoding proteins regulating cellular proliferation/differentiation and body response to inflammatory and environmental stimuli. This is the first study indicating that ion channel transcripts have multiple AREs.