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1.
Br J Nutr ; 123(12): 1365-1372, 2020 06 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32077392

RESUMO

Vegetable lipid emulsions (LE) contain non-declared phytosterols (PS). We aimed to determine PS content depending on the brand and LE batch, and in adult hospitalised patients treated with parenteral nutrition (PN), to establish the association between plasma and administered PS. Part I was the LE study: totals and fractions of PS in three to four non-consecutive batches from six LE were analysed. Part II was the patient study: patients with at least 7 previous days of PN with 0·8 g/kg per d of an olive/soyabean (O/S) LE were randomised (day 0) 1:1 to O/S or 100 % fish oil (FO) at a dose of 0·4 g/kg per d for 7 d (day 7). Plasma PS, its fractions, total cholesterol on days 0 and 7, their clearance and their association with PS administered by LE were studied. In part I, LE study: differences were found in the total PS, their fractions and cholesterol among different LE brands and batches. Exclusive soyabean LE had the highest content of PS (422·36 (sd 130·46) µg/ml). In part II, patient study: nineteen patients were included. In the O/S group, PS levels were maintained (1·11 (sd 6·98) µg/ml) from day 0 to 7, while in the FO group, significant decreases were seen in total PS (-6·21 (sd 4·73) µg/ml) and their fractions, except for campesterol and stigmasterol. Plasma PS on day 7 were significantly associated with PS administered (R2 0·443). PS content in different LE brands had great variability. PS administered during PN resulted in accumulation and could be prevented with the exclusive administration of FO LE.


Assuntos
Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas/análise , Hipercolesterolemia/etiologia , Enteropatias/etiologia , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo Lipídico/etiologia , Soluções de Nutrição Parenteral/química , Nutrição Parenteral/efeitos adversos , Fitosteróis/efeitos adversos , Fitosteróis/análise , Adulto , Colesterol/análogos & derivados , Colesterol/análise , Colesterol/sangue , Feminino , Óleos de Peixe/análise , Humanos , Pacientes Internados , Masculino , Óleos de Plantas/análise , Estudos Prospectivos , Estigmasterol/análise , Verduras/química
2.
Farm. hosp ; 42(3): 116-119, mayo-jun. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-174826

RESUMO

Objetivo: La presencia de fitoesteroles en emulsiones lipídicas de origen vegetal se ha relacionado con la aparición de alteraciones de los parámetros de la función hepática. El objetivo es determinar la presencia de fitoesteroles en las emulsiones registradas en el mercado farmacéutico. Método: Se analizaron tres-cuatro lotes no consecutivos de seis marcas distintas de emulsiones lipídicas (Clinoleic(R), Intralipid(R), Lipofundina(R), Lipoplus(R), Omegaven(R) y Smoflipid(R)) y las diferencias en contenido de fitoesteroles totales entre marcas y entre lotes se estudiaron estadísticamente (ANOVA de un factor, aproximación no paramétrica de Kruskal-Wallis y análisis post hoc Scheffé; p < 0,05). Resultados: Se encontró ausencia de fitoesteroles en el preparado Omegaven(R) con aceite de pescado. El contenido más alto de fitoesteroles (422,4 ± 130,5 µg/mL) coincidió con el porcentaje más alto de aceite de soja (Intralipid(R)). En el resto de las emulsiones se detectaron concentraciones de fitoesteroles entre 120 y 210 µg/mL, relacionadas con el contenido de aceite de soja. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre todas las marcas de emulsiones lipídicas (F = 42,97; p = 0,000) y entre lotes no consecutivos. Clinolenic(R) (F = 23,59; p = 0,000); Intralipid(R) (F = 978,25; p = 0,000); Lipofundina(R) TCL/TCM (F = 5,43; p = 0,045); Lipoplus(R) (F = 123,53; p = 0,000),; y Smoflipid(R) (16,78; p = 0,000). Excepto en el caso de la Lipofundina(R) TCL/TCM las diferencias entre lotes fueron marcadas. Conclusiones: Las emulsiones lipídicas registradas en el mercado farmacéutico español contienen cantidades variables de fitoesteroles en función de la marca comercial y el lote. La determinación del contenido de fitoesteroles, actualmente no declarados, permitiría desarrollar estrategias para prevenir o tratar la aparición de estas alteraciones


Objective: The presence of phytosterols in vegetal lipid emulsions has been associated with alterations of liver function tests. Determination of phytosterols content, currently undeclared, would allow the development of strategies to prevent or treat these alterations. Method: 3-4 non-consecutive batches of 6 lipid emulsions from different providers (Clinoleic(TM), Intralipid(TM), Lipofundina(TM), Lipoplus(TM), Omegaven(TM) and Smoflipid(TM)) were analyzed. Differences in total phytosterol assay between providers and batches were statistically studied by a one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric approximation and post hoc Scheffé test (p < 0.05). Results: The absence of phytosterols was confirmed in Omegaven(TM), emulsion based on fish oil. The highest assay of phytosterols (422.4 ± 130.5 µg/mL) has been related with the highest percentage of soya bean oil in Intralipid. In the remaining emulsions, concentrations were from 120 to 210 µg/mL related to the percentage of soya bean oil. Statistically significant differences of phytosterol content in lipid emulsions were observed among different providers (F = 23.59; p = 0.000) as well as among non-consecutive batches. Clinolenic(TM) (F = 23.59; p = 0.000), Intralipid(TM) (F = 978.25; p = 0.000), Lipofundina(TM) TCL/TCM (F = 5.43; p = 0.045), Lipoplus(TM) (F = 123.53; p = 0.000) and Smoflipid(TM) (16.78; p = 0.000). Except for Lipofundina(TM) TCL/TCM, the differences between batches were marked. Conclusions: Lipid emulsions, registered on Spanish pharmaceutical market, contain variable quantities of phytosterols dependent on commercial brand and batch


Assuntos
Humanos , Fitosteróis/análise , Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas/análise , Óleo de Soja/efeitos adversos , Fígado/fisiologia , Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas/efeitos adversos , Soluções de Nutrição Parenteral/análise , Estudos Prospectivos , Cromatografia Líquida/métodos , Colesterol , Esqualeno
3.
Farm Hosp ; 42(3): 116-119, 2018 05 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29730982

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The presence of phytosterols in vegetal lipid emulsions has been  associated with alterations of liver function tests. Determination of phytosterols  content, currently undeclared, would allow the development of strategies to  prevent or treat these alterations. METHOD: 3-4 non-consecutive batches of 6 lipid emulsions from different providers (Clinoleic, Intralipid, Lipofundina, Lipoplus, Omegaven and Smoflipid) were analyzed. Differences in total phytosterol assay between providers and batches were statistically studied by a one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric approximation and post hoc Scheffé test (p < 0.05)Results: The absence of phytosterols was confirmed in Omegaven, emulsion  based on fish oil. The highest assay of phytosterols (422.4 ± 130.5 µg/mL) has  been related with the highest percentage of soya bean oil in Intralipid. In the  remaining emulsions, concentrations were from 120 to 210 µg/mL related to the  percentage of soya bean oil. Statistically significant differences of phytosterol  content in lipid emulsions were observed among different providers (F = 23.59;  p = 0.000) as well as among non-consecutive batches. Clinolenic (F = 23.59; p  = 0.000), Intralipid (F = 978.25; p = 0.000), Lipofundina TCL/TCM (F = 5.43; p  = 0.045), Lipoplus (F = 123.53; p = 0.000) and Smoflipid (16.78; p = 0.000).  Except for Lipofundina TCL/TCM, the differences between batches were marked. CONCLUSIONS: Lipid emulsions, registered on Spanish pharmaceutical market,  contain variable quantities of phytosterols dependent on commercial brand and  batch.


Objetivo: La presencia de fitoesteroles en emulsiones lipídicas de origen vegetal se ha relacionado con la aparición de alteraciones de los parámetros de la  función hepática. El objetivo es determinar la presencia de fitoesteroles en las  emulsiones registradas en el mercado farmacéutico.Método: Se analizaron tres-cuatro lotes no consecutivos de seis marcas  distintas de emulsiones lipídicas (Clinoleic®, Intralipid®, Lipofundina®,  Lipoplus®, Omegaven® y Smoflipid®) y las diferencias en contenido de  fitoesteroles totales entre marcas y entre lotes se estudiaron estadísticamente  (ANOVA de un factor, aproximación no paramétrica de Kruskal-Wallis y análisis  post hoc Scheffé; p < 0,05).Resultados: Se encontró ausencia de fitoesteroles en el preparado Omegaven® con aceite de pescado. El contenido más alto de fitoesteroles (422,4 ± 130,5  µg/mL) coincidió con el porcentaje más alto de aceite de soja (Intralipid®). En el resto de las emulsiones se detectaron concentraciones de fitoesteroles entre 120  y 210 µg/mL, relacionadas con el contenido de aceite de soja. Se  observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre todas las marcas de  emulsiones lipídicas (F = 42,97; p = 0,000) y entre lotes no consecutivos.  Clinolenic® (F = 23,59; p = 0,000); Intralipid® (F = 978,25; p = 0,000);  Lipofundina® TCL/TCM (F = 5,43; p = 0,045); Lipoplus ® (F = 123,53; p =  0,000),; y Smoflipid® (16,78; p = 0,000). Excepto en el caso de la  Lipofundina® TCL/TCM las diferencias entre lotes fueron marcadas.Conclusiones: Las emulsiones lipídicas registradas en el mercado farmacéutico español contienen cantidades variables de fitoesteroles en función  e la marca comercial y el lote. La determinación del contenido de fitoesteroles, actualmente no declarados, permitiría desarrollar estrategias para prevenir o tratar la aparición de estas alteraciones.


Assuntos
Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas/análise , Nutrição Parenteral/métodos , Fitosteróis/análise , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Composição de Medicamentos , Emulsões , Óleos de Peixe/análise , Fosfolipídeos , Óleos de Plantas , Estudos Prospectivos , Óleo de Soja , Triglicerídeos
4.
Nutr Hosp ; 34(4): 767-775, 2017 Jul 28.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29094997

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Lipid emulsions (LE) are a component of parenteral nutrition (PN) and its fatty acid (FA) profile determines various physiological responses. OBJECTIVES: To assess the adequacy of a clinical not restricted protocol in the choice of LE by studying complementary biochemical and hematological parameters (BHP) at the beginning of the PN. METHODS: A 4-year retrospective observational study of LE administered to patients with PN. Demographic, clinical, nutritional and analytical variables at the beginning of the PN were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to study the correlation between the initial clinical and biochemical parameters and the LE profile used. RESULTS: Four hundred and sixty patients (29.5%) out of 1,558 had BHP at the beginning of PN and used mainly the LE combinations soybean (SO) + medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) + olive (OO) + fish (FO) (37.4%) and SO + MCT + OO (35.6%). Statistically significant differences on the LE pattern were observed between patients with and those without initial BHP (44.8% vs39.5% received FO, respectively). Conditions regularly associated with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) were associated with increased use of FO LE: SO+OO+FO (OR: 4.52 [95% CI: 1.43-13.91]) and SO+MCT+OO+FO (OR: 3.34 [95% CI: 2.10-5.33]). In those complex conditions related with the critical patient MCT were used: hepatic failure (SO+MCT OR: 2.42 [95% CI: 1.03-5.68]) and renal failure (SO+MCT+FO OR: 3.34 [95% CI: 1.12-9.99]). CONCLUSIONS: The use of BHP at the beginning of PN treatment allows complementing the clinical and metabolic criteria in LE selection.


INTRODUCCIÓN: el patrón de ácidos grasos (AG) de las emulsiones lipídicas (EL) utilizadas en nutrición parenteral (NP) condiciona diferentes respuestas fisiológicas. OBJETIVOS: estudiar si los criterios clínicos de prescripción de EL en NP establecidos en nuestro protocolo abierto y basados en recomendaciones se correlacionan con marcadores bioquímicos y hematológicos iniciales. MÉTODOS: estudio observacional retrospectivo de cuatro años. Se recogieron variables demográficas, clínicas, nutricionales y analíticas al inicio de la NP. Se realizó un análisis uni y multivariante para estudiar la asociación entre los valores iniciales de los parámetros bioquímicos y hematológicos (PBHE) y el tipo de emulsión lipídica empleada. RESULTADOS: de los 1.558 pacientes, 460 pacientes (29,5%) tenían PBHE al inicio de la NP y utilizaron mayoritariamente las combinaciones soja (AS) + triglicéridos de cadena media (MCT) + oliva (AO) + pescado (AP) (37,4%) y AS+MCT+AO (35,6%). Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente signifiativas en el patrón EL utilizado entre los pacientes con y sin PBHE: patrón de AG con AP 44,8% vs.39,5%, respectivamente. Las situaciones clínicas con proteína C-reactiva (PCR) elevada se asociaron con mayor uso de EL con AP: AS+AO+AP (OR: 4,52 [IC 95%: 1,43-13,91] y AS+MCT+AO+AP (OR: 3,34 [IC 95%: 2,10-5,33]). En situaciones clínicas complejas asociadas con paciente crítico se utilizó EL con MCT: afectación hepática (AS+MCT OR: 2,42 [IC 95%: 1,03-5,68]) y afectación renal (AS+MCT+AP OR: 3,34 [IC 95%: 1,12-9,99]). CONCLUSIONES: la inclusión protocolizada de PBHE al inicio de la NP permite complementar criterios clínicos y metabólicos en la elección de la EL.


Assuntos
Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas , Nutrição Parenteral/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nutrição Parenteral Total , Estudos Retrospectivos
5.
Nutr. hosp ; 34(4): 767-775, jul.-ago. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-165335

RESUMO

Introducción: el patrón de ácidos grasos (AG) de las emulsiones lipídicas (EL) utilizadas en nutrición parenteral (NP) condiciona diferentes respuestas fisiológicas. Objetivos: estudiar si los criterios clínicos de prescripción de EL en NP establecidos en nuestro protocolo abierto y basados en recomendaciones se correlacionan con marcadores bioquímicos y hematológicos iniciales. Métodos: estudio observacional retrospectivo de cuatro años. Se recogieron variables demográficas, clínicas, nutricionales y analíticas al inicio de la NP. Se realizó un análisis uni y multivariante para estudiar la asociación entre los valores iniciales de los parámetros bioquímicos y hematológicos (PBHE) y el tipo de emulsión lipídica empleada. Resultados: de los 1.558 pacientes, 460 pacientes (29,5%) tenían PBHE al inicio de la NP y utilizaron mayoritariamente las combinaciones soja (AS) + triglicéridos de cadena media (MCT) + oliva (AO) + pescado (AP) (37,4%) y AS+MCT+AO (35,6%). Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el patrón EL utilizado entre los pacientes con y sin PBHE: patrón de AG con AP 44,8% vs. 39,5%, respectivamente. Las situaciones clínicas con proteína C-reactiva (PCR) elevada se asociaron con mayor uso de EL con AP: AS+AO+AP (OR: 4,52 [IC 95%: 1,43-13,91] y AS+MCT+AO+AP (OR: 3,34 [IC 95%: 2,10-5,33]). En situaciones clínicas complejas asociadas con paciente crítico se utilizó EL con MCT: afectación hepática (AS+MCT OR: 2,42 [IC 95%: 1,03-5,68]) y afectación renal (AS+MCT+AP OR: 3,34 [IC 95%: 1,12-9,99]). Conclusiones: la inclusión protocolizada de PBHE al inicio de la NP permite complementar criterios clínicos y metabólicos en la elección de la EL (AU)


Introduction: Lipid emulsions (LE) are a component of parenteral nutrition (PN) and its fatty acid (FA) profile determines various physiological responses. Objectives: To assess the adequacy of a clinical not restricted protocol in the choice of LE by studying complementary biochemical and hematological parameters (BHP) at the beginning of the PN. Methods: A 4-year retrospective observational study of LE administered to patients with PN. Demographic, clinical, nutritional and analytical variables at the beginning of the PN were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to study the correlation between the initial clinical and biochemical parameters and the LE profile used. Results: Four hundred and sixty patients (29.5%) out of 1,558 had BHP at the beginning of PN and used mainly the LE combinations soybean (SO) + medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) + olive (OO) + fi sh (FO) (37.4%) and SO + MCT + OO (35.6%). Statistically significant differences on the LE pattern were observed between patients with and those without initial BHP (44.8% vs 39.5% received FO, respectively). Conditions regularly associated with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) were associated with increased use of FO LE: SO+OO+FO (OR: 4.52 [95% CI: 1.43-13.91]) and SO+MCT+OO+FO (OR: 3.34 [95% CI: 2.10-5.33]). In those complex conditions related with the critical patient MCT were used: hepatic failure (SO+MCT OR: 2.42 [95% CI: 1.03-5.68]) and renal failure (SO+MCT+FO OR: 3.34 [95% CI: 1.12-9.99]). Conclusions: The use of BHP at the beginning of PN treatment allows complementing the clinical and metabolic criteria in LE selection (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas/administração & dosagem , Emulsões Gordurosas Intravenosas/uso terapêutico , Nutrição Parenteral , Soluções de Nutrição Parenteral/uso terapêutico , Infusões Parenterais/instrumentação , 51840/métodos , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/uso terapêutico , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos
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