RESUMO
A non-glycosidic iridoid, campsinol (1), and two iridoid glucosides, 7-O-(Z)-p-coumaroylcachineside V (2) and 7-O-(E)-p-coumaroylcachineside I (3), were isolated from the fresh flowers of Campsis grandiflora along with five known iridoid glycosides, ixoroside (4), campsiside (5), cachineside I (6), 5-hydroxycampenoside (7), and 5-hydroxycampsiside (8), and two known phenylpropanoid glycosides, acteoside (9) and leucosceptoside A (10). The structures of these compounds were determined based on the NMR and Mass spectroscopic data and other chemical evidences.
Assuntos
Bignoniaceae/química , Flores/química , Iridoides/química , Iridoides/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/química , Glicosídeos/química , Glicosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Glicosídeos Iridoides/química , Glicosídeos Iridoides/isolamento & purificação , Estrutura MolecularRESUMO
Nelumbo nucifera semen (NNS) is a traditional herb with anti-diarrheal, anti-ganacratia, and tranquilizer-like pharmacological activities. In this study, we examined the anti-amnesic effect of NNS on rats with scopolamine-induced amnesia. Passive avoidance tests, acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) activity, and choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) expression were used to evaluate the NNS anti-amnesic effects. The rats were divided into five groups: the normal group, scopolamine-treated group (1mg/kg; control), NNS (1g/kg) and scopolamine (1mg/kg) co-treatment group, and the ARICEPT (1mg/kg) and scopolamine (1mg/kg) co-treatment group (positive control). The rats were administered the compounds orally for 14 days. The latency time of passive avoidance significantly increased by 54% in the NNS-treated group compared to the scopolamine-treated group. The ACHE activity in the NNS-treated group significantly decreased to 7.35% than that of the control group. CHAT-positive neurons increased by 51.02% in the NNS group compared to the control group. These results suggest that NNS extract improves scopolamine-induced dementia by inhibiting ACHE activity and inducing CHAT expression.
Assuntos
Colina O-Acetiltransferase/biossíntese , Memória/efeitos dos fármacos , Nelumbo/química , Nootrópicos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Escopolamina/farmacologia , Animais , Aprendizagem da Esquiva/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipocampo/enzimologia , Masculino , Neurônios/enzimologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Tempo de Reação , Septo do Cérebro/enzimologiaRESUMO
AIM: To investigate the antioxidant effects of Morinda officinalis (Morindae radix, MR) on H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress in cultured mouse TM3 Leydig cells. METHODS: We carried out 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, lipid peroxidation, testosterone enzyme immunoassay, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) assays in Leydig TM3 cells. RESULTS: MR showed a 47.8% 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging effect in TM3 cells with no significant cytotoxicity. Oxidative stress was induced in TM3 cells with 100 micromol H(2)O(2), and treatment of the cells with 250 microg/mL MR showed the most significant protective effect (64%, P < 0.001) in the cell viability assay with a decreased lipid peroxidation level (1.75 nmol/mg protein, P < 0.05), increased testosterone production (43.5 pg/mL), and improvements in SOD activity (7.49 units of SOD/mg protein, P < 0.001) and CAT activity (74.6 units of CAT/mg protein, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that MR, as an antioxidant, protects functions of cultured mouse TM3 Leydig cells from H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress.