RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Papaveraceae serve as a rich source of various alkaloids which have anti-inflammatory effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, we investigated the effect of Hylomecon hylomeconoides ethanol extract (HHE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production in RAW 264.7 cells. RESULTS: HHE inhibited LPS-induced NO and IL-6 production. Moreover, HHE suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, major constituents, dihydrosanguinarine and 6-methoxydihydrosanguinarine, of the chloroform-soluble extract were analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, the results of this study indicate that the anti-inflammatory effects of HHE may occur via the inhibition of NO and IL-6 expression through the down-regulation of MAP kinase (ERK1/2, p38) phosphorylation in RAW 264.7 cells.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Papaveraceae/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Inflamação/fisiopatologia , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Lipopolissacarídeos , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Fosforilação/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagemRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are a rapidly growing health problem around the globe. Recently, there has been considerable interest in the use of plant materials as an alternative method to control pathogenic microorganisms. In this study we evaluated the antibacterial activity of bark of Alnus pendula against MRSA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The MIC determination was done using the microdilution broth method and bacterial growth was determined by measuring optical density using spectrophotometer. RESULTS: Alnus pendula bark EtOH extract and fractions (F-1, -2, -3 and -4) were investigated against MRSA. The most active fractions (F-3 and F-4) led to the isolation of oregonin (ORE) and hirsutanone (HIR). These compounds were active against MRSA strains with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 31.25 to 250 microg/ml MIC and 2 MIC of HIR completely inhibited the growth of MRSA. CONCLUSIONS: The bark EtOH extract of Alnus Pendula has potent antibacterial activity against MRSA.
Assuntos
Alnus , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Resistência a Meticilina , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Alnus/química , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Diarileptanoides/farmacologia , Etanol/química , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Casca de Planta , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Plantas Medicinais , Solventes/química , EspectrofotometriaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been a serious problem as its infection is associated with higher mortality and increase cost worldwide. In the present study, the antibacterial activity of enhydrin, polymatin B, allo-schkuhriolide from the leaves of Smallanthus sonchifolius was investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Enhydrin, polymatin B, allo-schkuhriolide from the leaves of Smallanthus sonchifolius were tested for antimicrobial activity using micro dilution broth method against 2 strains of ATCC 33591, ATCC 25923 and 15 strains of clinical isolates MRSA. RESULTS: The antibacterial activity of Smallanthus sonchifolius can safely be attributed to enhydrin as polymatin B, and allo-schkuhriolide are not showing any activity against Staphylococcus aureus strains. The enhydrin showed good antibacterial activity against all tested strains (MIC = 125-500 microg/ml). DISCUSSION: These results suggest that only enhydrin can be considered as an antibacterial drug against MRSA.