RESUMO
El estudio comparó parámetros productivos de pollos de carne suplementados con un probiótico Biomin® Poultry 5 Star (Enterococcus faecium, Pediococcus acidilactici, Bifidobacterium animalis, Lactobacillus salivarius y Lactobacillus reuteri) versus un antibiótico (Zinc Bacitracina). Se usaron 333 aves divididas en tres tratamientos de 111 animales con 3 repeticiones por tratamiento: 1, control; 2, antibiótico; y 3, probiótico. En las seis semanas de crianza no se encontró diferencia significativa entre tratamientos para peso corporal, consumo de alimento, conversión alimenticia (ICA), porcentaje de mortalidad y el índice de eficiencia productiva (IEP).
The present study compared productive parameters in broilers supplemented with a probiotic Biomin® Poultry 5 Star (Enterococcus faecium, Pediococcus acidilactici, Bifidobacterium animalis, Lactobacillus salivarius y Lactobacillus reuteri) versus an antibiotic (Bacitracin). A total of 333 chicks were divided into three treatments of 111 animals with 3 repetitions for group: 1 control; 2 antibiotic; 3 probiotic. During the six weeks of the study no statistical differences were found between treatments for body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion, mortality rate, and productive efficiency index.
Assuntos
Animais , Antibacterianos , Galinhas , Probióticos , Suplementos NutricionaisRESUMO
The moth Tecia (Scrobipalpopsis) solanivora Povolny (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is the most important pest of potato, Solanum spp., in Central America and adjacent South American countries. Insecticide treatments are not sufficiently effective; therefore, we investigated the feasibility of pheromone-mediated mating disruption for control of T. solanivora. Pheromone dispensers were formulated with 70 mg of the three sex pheromone compounds (E)-3-dodecenyl acetate, (Z)-3-dodecenyl acetate, and dodecyl acetate, in a ratio of 100:56:100, respectively. Male attraction to these compounds is optimal at a ratio of 100:1:20, thus the mating disruption dispensers contained an off-blend, which attracted only a few males. Nonetheless, one mating disruption dispenser suppressed male attraction to calling females in a flight tunnel and reduced male activation in response to female pheromone. Communication disruption is accordingly due to camouflage of the female signal and possibly due to a reduction of male responsiveness by sensory imbalance. Only a few males were observed in a 3-ha potato field treated with 84 g pheromone/ha, compared with an untreated control field. During 2 mo, male attraction to traps baited with calling females or synthetic pheromone was strongly reduced. This reduction confirms the potential of mating disruption for management of T. solanivora. The efficacy of the pheromone treatment can be further improved by earlier dispenser application, by increased dispenser load, and by treatment of larger fields to reduce immigration of mated females.