RESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIM: Glioma-associated oncogene 1 (GLI1) is an important transcription factor in the hedgehog signalling pathway and tumour formation. We evaluated the clinical significance of GLI1 expression as a prognostic factor in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (GC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: GLI1 expression levels were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of cancerous and adjacent normal mucosa specimens obtained from 142 patients with Stage II/III GC administered adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 after curative resection. The associations of GLI1 expression with clinicopathological features and survival were evaluated. RESULTS: Clinicopathological features and GLI1 expression showed no association. Overall survival was significantly poorer in the high compared to the low GLI1 expression group (p=0.04). Multivariate analysis revealed that GLI1 expression was a significant independent prognostic factor [p=0.019, hazard ratio (HR)=1.94, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.70-3.38]. CONCLUSION: GLI1 expression may be a useful prognostic marker in patients with locally advanced GC.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Prognóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamento farmacológico , Proteína GLI1 em Dedos de Zinco/genética , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Combinação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Ácido Oxônico/administração & dosagem , Ácido Oxônico/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirurgia , Tegafur/administração & dosagem , Tegafur/efeitos adversosRESUMO
REG4, which encodes Reg IV protein, is a member of the calcium-dependent lectin superfamily and potent activator of the epidermal growth factor receptor/Akt/activator protein-1 signaling pathway. Several human cancers overexpress Reg IV, and Reg IV expression is associated with intestinal phenotype differentiation. However, regulation of REG4 transcription remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether CDX2 regulates Reg IV expression in gastric cancer (GC) cells. Expression of Reg IV and CDX2 was analyzed by Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in 9 GC cell lines and 2 colon cancer cell lines. The function of the 5'-flanking region of the REG4 gene was characterized by luciferase assay. In 9 GC cell lines, endogenous Reg IV and CDX2 expression were well correlated. Using an estrogen receptor-regulated form of CDX2, rapid induction of Reg IV expression was observed in HT-29 cells. Reporter gene assays revealed an important role in transcription for consensus CDX2 DNA binding elements in the 5'-flanking region of the REG4 gene. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that CDX2 binds directly to the 5'-flanking region of REG4. These results indicate that CDX2 protein directly regulates Reg IV expression.
Assuntos
Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/metabolismo , Lectinas Tipo C/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição CDX2 , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Neoplasias do Colo/metabolismo , DNA/química , DNA Complementar/metabolismo , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Genes Reporter , Humanos , Luciferases/metabolismo , Proteínas Associadas a Pancreatite , Plasmídeos/metabolismo , Ligação Proteica , Interferência de RNA , RNA Interferente Pequeno/metabolismo , Receptores de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismoRESUMO
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in the world, and mortality due to gastric cancer is second only to that from lung cancer. 'Transcriptome dissection' is a detailed analysis of the entire expressed transcripts from a cancer, for the purpose of understanding the precise molecular mechanism of pathogenesis. Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) is a suitable technique for performing transcriptome dissection. Gastric cancers of different stages and histology were analyzed on SAGE, and one of the largest gastric cancer SAGE libraries in the world was created (GEO accession number GSE 545). Through SAGE, many candidate genes have been identified as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for the treatment of gastric cancer. Regenerating islet-derived family, member 4 (Reg IV) participated in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance and peritoneal metastasis, and its expression was associated with an intestinal phenotype of gastric cancer and with endocrine differentiation. GW112 expression correlated with advanced tumor stage. Measurement of Reg IV and GW112 levels in sera indicated a sensitivity of 57% for detection of cancer. SPC18 participated in tumor growth and invasion through transforming tumor growth factor-alpha upregulation. Palate, lung, and nasal epithelium carcinoma-associated protein (PLUNC) was a useful marker for gastric hepatoid adenocarcinoma. Expression of SOX9, HOXA10, CDH17, and loss of claudin-18 expression were associated with an intestinal phenotype of gastric cancer. Information obtained from transcriptome dissection greatly contributes to diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.