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1.
Antioxidants (Basel) ; 9(10)2020 Oct 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33036398

RESUMO

Antioxidants may modulate the microenvironment of epidermal stem cells by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species or by regulating the expression of extracellular matrix protein. The extracellular membrane is an important component of the stem cell niche, and microRNAs regulate extracellular membrane-mediated basal keratinocyte proliferation. In this narrative review, we will discuss several antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, plant extracts, peptides and hyaluronic acid, and their effect on the epidermal stem cell niche and the proliferative potential of interfollicular epidermal stem cells in 3D skin equivalent models.

2.
Acta Derm Venereol ; 99(3): 284-290, 2019 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30460369

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the skin surface microbiome in patients with atopic dermatitis during treatment. The effect of narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy was also studied to determine the influence of exposure to ultraviolet. A total of 18 patients with atopic dermatitis were included in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on treatment: 1 group treated with narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy and topical corticosteroid, and the other group treated with topical corticosteroid only. Skin swabs and high-throughput sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA bacterial genes were performed at 3 time-points. The microbial diversity of lesional skin increased greatly after treatment. The proportion of Staphylococcus aureus showed a significant positive correlation with eczema severity. In conclusion, a drastic increase in microbial diversity and decrease in S. aureus proportion were observed with eczema treatment. Narrowband ultraviolet B treatment did not exert additive effects on eczema improvement; however, it appeared to reduce the recurrence of eczema.


Assuntos
Corticosteroides/administração & dosagem , Dermatite Atópica/terapia , Microbiota/efeitos dos fármacos , Microbiota/efeitos da radiação , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/efeitos da radiação , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos da radiação , Terapia Ultravioleta , Administração Cutânea , Adolescente , Corticosteroides/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Dermatite Atópica/diagnóstico , Dermatite Atópica/microbiologia , Feminino , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Humanos , Masculino , Recidiva , Ribotipagem , Seul , Pele/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/genética , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Terapia Ultravioleta/efeitos adversos , Adulto Jovem
3.
J Cosmet Dermatol ; 16(4): e15-e20, 2017 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28133891

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Jet-M is a device for epidermal peeling and is used to deliver substances by spraying air and microdroplets. Previously, a case was treated with a mixed solution of copper-GHK, oligo-hyaluronic acid, Rhodiola extract, tranexamic acid, and ß-glucan. The results showed significant improvement of aged skin. AIMS: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of hydroporation on melasma with the formulation in a small group of volunteers. METHODS: Clinical effects were evaluated by both subjective and objective methods including melanin index (MI) and erythema index (EI) measurement. RESULTS: Clinically, pigmentation and erythema were relieved and also both MI and EI decreased. Histopathologic observation revealed that type IV collagen and procollagen were increased in the upper dermis. Furthermore, the number of p63-positive cells is increased along the basement membrane. These results all suggest that hydroporation with GHR formulation induced anti-aging effects by reconstruction of extracellular matrix. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the treatment may have depigmenting effects and erythema decreasing effects by enhancing the microenvironment of the skin.


Assuntos
Antifibrinolíticos/uso terapêutico , Cobre/química , Fármacos Dermatológicos/uso terapêutico , Ácido Hialurônico/uso terapêutico , Melanose/tratamento farmacológico , Oligopeptídeos/uso terapêutico , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Rhodiola , Ácido Tranexâmico/uso terapêutico , beta-Glucanas/uso terapêutico , Colágeno Tipo IV/metabolismo , Derme/metabolismo , Derme/patologia , Combinação de Medicamentos , Eritema/tratamento farmacológico , Matriz Extracelular/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Queratinócitos/metabolismo , Melanose/patologia , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Pró-Colágeno/metabolismo , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
4.
Int J Mol Sci ; 17(6)2016 May 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27240341

RESUMO

Melasma is a commonly acquired hypermelanosis that affects sun-exposed areas of the skin, with frequent facial involvement. Its histologic manifestations are evident in the epidermis, extracellular matrix, and dermis. In addition to epidermal pigmentation, pathologic findings of melasma include extracellular matrix abnormality, especially solar elastosis. The disrupted basement membrane has been described in melasma with variable incidences. In the dermis, an increase in vascularity and an increase in the number of mast cells were observed, indicating that dermal factors have critical roles in the pathogenesis of melasma, despite the fact that melasma is characterized by epidermal hyperpigmentation. This review discusses such histologic characteristics of melasma, with consideration to their implications for melasma treatment.


Assuntos
Melanose/patologia , Melanose/terapia , Administração Tópica , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Membrana Basal/metabolismo , Membrana Basal/patologia , Cloroquina/administração & dosagem , Cloroquina/uso terapêutico , Derme/metabolismo , Derme/patologia , Gerenciamento Clínico , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Hidroquinonas/administração & dosagem , Terapia a Laser , Mastócitos/metabolismo , Mastócitos/patologia , Melanose/metabolismo , Fototerapia
5.
J Cosmet Laser Ther ; 18(5): 293-5, 2016 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27064823

RESUMO

Jet-M (Tav-Tech Ltd., Israel) is an instrument for skin resurfacing. When it sprays microdroplets of solution or shoots air on the skin, exfoliation and stretching of superficial layers can occur. Thus, it will increase percutaneous absorption of vitamins and other cosmetic agents. A cosmetic preparation containing copper-glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine, oligo-hyaluronic acid, rhodiolar extract, tranexamic acid, and ß-glucan was used with Jet-M in one patient. Anesthesia was not administered and there was no pain during the treatment. A male aged 59 years was treated once a week for 12 weeks. In the clinical photographs, wrinkles around the treated eye were greatly decreased. Skin biopsies were taken from treated and untreated areas. Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining showed increased collagen production in the upper dermis. On the other hand, collagen IV production was slightly increased. Fibrillin-1 and procollagen type 1 were greatly increased and tropoelastin was also increased. There was no adverse effect during and after treatment.


Assuntos
Cosméticos/uso terapêutico , Face , Envelhecimento da Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Colágeno/metabolismo , Humanos , Ácido Hialurônico , Lisina , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oligopeptídeos , Compostos Organometálicos , Rhodiola , Ácido Tranexâmico , beta-Glucanas
6.
Eur J Pharmacol ; 761: 19-27, 2015 Aug 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25934572

RESUMO

Scutellaria baicalensis has been used topically to treat inflammatory skin diseases in traditional East Asian medicine. Because post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation of the skin is difficult to manage, we investigated the effects of baicalin, a major component of S. baicalensis, on melanin synthesis in Mel-Ab cells. Our data showed that baicalin significantly inhibited melanin production and tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent fashion, but it did not directly influence tyrosinase activity. Moreover, baicalin treatment triggered decreases in both mRNA and protein levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase. Although AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation were induced in baicalin-treated Mel-Ab cells, they were not responsible for baicalin-induced hypopigmentation. Because the Akt pathway is also known to be involved in regulation of melanogenic protein expression and melanin synthesis, we examined the effects of baicalin on the Akt pathway. Our results showed that baicalin treatment stimulated Akt activation. Treatment with LY294002, a specific Akt inhibitor, restored baicalin-induced melanogenesis inhibition and abolished MITF and tyrosinase downregulation by baicalin. Taken together, our data suggest that Akt activation by baicalin inhibits melanin production via downregulation of MITF and tyrosinase in Mel-Ab cells.


Assuntos
Flavonoides/farmacologia , Melaninas/biossíntese , Melanócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator de Transcrição Associado à Microftalmia/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Regulação para Baixo , Ativação Enzimática , Melanócitos/enzimologia , Camundongos , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinase/metabolismo , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/antagonistas & inibidores , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de Tempo
7.
Phytother Res ; 28(2): 274-9, 2014 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23610003

RESUMO

We isolated crystals from the chloroform fraction of an ethanol extract of Kaempferia galanga and identified it as ethyl p-methoxycinnamate through nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. In the present study, we found that ethyl p-methoxycinnamate significantly decreased melanin synthesis in B16F10 murine melanoma cells stimulated with α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH). In a cell-free system, however, ethyl p-methoxycinnamate did not directly inhibit tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme of melanogenesis. Instead, it inhibited tyrosinase activity in B16F10 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, Western blot analysis showed that ethyl p-methoxycinnamate decreased microphthalmia-associated transcription factor and tyrosinase levels in α-MSH-stimulated B16F10 cells. These results indicate that the pigment-inhibitory effect of ethyl p-methoxycinnamate results from downregulation of tyrosinase. Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate isolated from K. galanga could be developed as a skin whitening agent to treat hyperpigmentary disorders.


Assuntos
Cinamatos/farmacologia , Melaninas/biossíntese , Melanócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Zingiberaceae/química , Animais , Clareadores/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sistema Livre de Células , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Melanócitos/metabolismo , Melanoma Experimental/metabolismo , Camundongos , Fator de Transcrição Associado à Microftalmia/genética , Fator de Transcrição Associado à Microftalmia/metabolismo , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/antagonistas & inibidores , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/genética , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/metabolismo , alfa-MSH
8.
Oxid Med Cell Longev ; 2012: 819623, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22973468

RESUMO

The skin is constantly exposed to environmental oxidative stress. Skin equivalent (SE) models are three-dimensional systems in which cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions can be investigated. In this study, the effects of vitamin C or plant extracts with high antioxidant activities were tested. There was no significant difference in the epidermal thickness, but the basal cells became cuboidal when vitamin C or plant extracts were supplemented. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining showed linear and intense staining of α6 and ß1 integrin along the basement membrane in vitamin C or plant extract treated models. The p63 and PCNA were also stained. Results showed that the number of p63 and PCNA positive cells was higher in the vitamin C or plant extract treated models than in the control SEs. Although the relationship between oxidative stress and stem cells is not known, our results suggest that redox status affects the stemness and the proliferative potential of epidermal basal cells by modulating microenvironment to epidermal basal stem cells.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Pele/metabolismo , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacologia , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Fibroblastos/citologia , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Humanos , Integrina alfa6/metabolismo , Integrina beta1/metabolismo , Queratinócitos/citologia , Queratinócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Queratinócitos/metabolismo , Oxirredução , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula em Proliferação/metabolismo , Pele/patologia , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor/metabolismo
9.
J Dermatol ; 39(7): 608-12, 2012 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22506614

RESUMO

Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induces skin erythema, but it is not clear which factors have the greatest effects on UV sensitivity. Six healthy Korean adult men were enrolled and their melanin index (MI) and increment of erythema index (ΔEI) were measured. In each individual, 12 different sites were selected and 36 spots were irradiated with a single shot of monochromatic excimer laser with a dose of 350 mJ/cm(2) . The sites were categorized into three groups based on the cumulative sun exposure: UZ, unexposed zones; FEZ, frequently exposed zones; and IEZ, intermittently exposed zones. The sun exposure indexes (SEI) were also calculated based on previously described methods. ΔEI, MI and SEI were measured and calculated. The ΔEI of UZ was significantly higher than that of FEZ, but lower than that of IEZ. In general, there was a significant relationship between ΔEI and MI (R(2) = 0.135). However, IEZ did not show significant results. In contrast, there was a stronger relationship between ΔEI and SEI (R(2) = 0.344). Overall, the values were significantly higher for the SEI (0.541 [UZ], 0.281 [IEZ] and 0.228 [FEZ]) than for MI (0.311 [UZ], 0.011 [IEZ] and 0.073 [FEZ]). There were significant site variations in UV sensitivity along with skin pigmentation. In addition, significant differences were observed according to the exposure frequency. The SEI was found to be strongly correlated with UV sensitivity. These results suggest that the induced level of pigmentation above the constitutive level will be a better indicator for UV sensitivity than baseline MI.


Assuntos
Eritema/etiologia , Lasers de Excimer/efeitos adversos , Pigmentação da Pele/efeitos da radiação , Adulto , Povo Asiático , Eritema/metabolismo , Humanos , Lasers de Excimer/uso terapêutico , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Melaninas/metabolismo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tolerância a Radiação/fisiologia , República da Coreia , Pigmentação da Pele/fisiologia , Luz Solar
10.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem ; 76(4): 767-71, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22484949

RESUMO

Xanthium strumarium L. (Asteraceae) is traditionally used in Korea to treat skin diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of a X. strumarium stem extract on melanin synthesis. It inhibited melanin synthesis in a concentration-dependent manner, but it did not directly inhibit tyrosinase, the rate-limiting melanogenic enzyme, and instead downregulated microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase expression. MITF, the master regulator of pigmentation, is a target of the Wnt signaling pathway, which includes glycogen synthase kinase 3ß (GSK3ß) and ß-catenin. Hence, the influence of X. strumarium stem extract on GSK3ß and ß-catenin was further investigated. X. strumarium induced GSK3ß phosphorylation (inactivation), but the level of ß-catenin did not change. Moreover, a specific GSK3ß inhibitor restored X. strumarium-induced melanin reduction. Hence, we suggest that X. strumarium inhibits melanin synthesis through downregulation of tyrosinase via GSK3ß phosphorylation.


Assuntos
Quinase 3 da Glicogênio Sintase/metabolismo , Melanócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator de Transcrição Associado à Microftalmia/antagonistas & inibidores , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/antagonistas & inibidores , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Xanthium/química , Animais , Linhagem Celular Transformada , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Quinase 3 da Glicogênio Sintase/genética , Glicogênio Sintase Quinase 3 beta , Melaninas/genética , Melaninas/metabolismo , Melanócitos/citologia , Melanócitos/metabolismo , Camundongos , Fator de Transcrição Associado à Microftalmia/genética , Fator de Transcrição Associado à Microftalmia/metabolismo , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/genética , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/metabolismo , Fosforilação , Pigmentação/genética , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Caules de Planta/química , Via de Sinalização Wnt/efeitos dos fármacos , Via de Sinalização Wnt/genética , beta Catenina/genética , beta Catenina/metabolismo
11.
J Dermatolog Treat ; 21(4): 224-8, 2010 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20509814

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Melasma is a common acquired pigmentary disorder which is sometimes hard to treat with conventional methods. Various kinds of modalities have been applied for the treatment of melasma but none shows constantly good results. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we would like to know the effect of low-dose 1064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (QSNYL) on melasma and want to evaluate the changes of skin after laser treatment. METHODS: Twenty melasma patients were enrolled. Two regions were evaluated from each patient; a total of 40 sites. The 1064-nm QSNYL at fluences of 2.0-3.5 J/cm(2) was used to treat the whole face, including the melasma lesions. The fluence was adjusted individually and increased until erythema was developed on the laser-treated area. The treatment was performed five times with a 1-week interval. Non-invasive measuring methods, including a chromatometer, mexameter, cutometer, visioscan and a corneometer, were used before and after treatment. RESULTS: The L-value from the chromatometer, which reflects the lightness of skin, was increased (0.86 +/- 1.67, p < 0.05). The melanin index from the mexameter was significantly decreased (-28.23 +/- 28.21, p < 0.001). The SEw value from the visioscan, which reflects the degree of wrinkling, decreased (-5.80 +/- 0.59, p = 0.040). None of the other measurement parameters showed significant changes. CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose 1064-nm QSNYL appears to be an effective treatment modality for melasma.


Assuntos
Dermatoses Faciais/radioterapia , Lasers de Estado Sólido/uso terapêutico , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade/métodos , Melanose/radioterapia , Adulto , Estudos de Coortes , Estética , Dermatoses Faciais/diagnóstico , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lasers , Masculino , Melanose/diagnóstico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Probabilidade , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
12.
J Dermatol ; 35(8): 484-90, 2008 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18789067

RESUMO

Etanercept is a fully humanized soluble tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha receptor that competitively inhibits the interaction of TNF-alpha with cell-surface receptors. It was approved as monotherapy for psoriasis in the USA in 2004, but in Korea, no clinical reports on its use for psoriasis are available. We performed a retrospective analysis of 26 moderate-to-severe psoriasis patients who had been treated with etanercept. Patients received twice-weekly injections of 25 mg etanercept s.c. for at least 4 weeks. When the patients achieved a 50% reduction of the psoriasis area severity index (PASI 50) they received once-weekly injections, then biweekly injections were provided for maintenance. Patients were evaluated biweekly by clinical photographs and PASI scoring. Treatment efficacy was as follows. A PASI 75 was achieved in 14 patients (54%) and the mean number of injections before achieving a PASI 75 was 10 +/- 7.5. Patients whose initial PASI was less than 10 (iPASI < 10) showed an earlier response (2.6 +/- 1.3 weeks) and a higher PASI 75 rate (63%), than with iPASI > or = 10 (6.9 +/- 4.5 weeks, 50%). Eight patients (31%) received additional phototherapy or systemic therapy because of insufficient responses or for faster improvements and they were excluded in the efficacy evaluation. Adverse events were observed in eight patients (31%), but were not serious. This is the first report on the effectiveness of low-dose etanercept regimen on Asian psoriasis patients. Results in this study showed that low-dose etanercept therapy is effective for moderate-to-severe Asian psoriasis patients, and it may be a valuable treatment option even for relatively moderate psoriasis patients not responsive to conventional treatment. In addition, the medical cost was relatively low compared to that of the standard regimen for white patients.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/administração & dosagem , Imunoglobulina G/administração & dosagem , Imunossupressores/administração & dosagem , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Receptores do Fator de Necrose Tumoral/administração & dosagem , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Povo Asiático , Etanercepte , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Resultado do Tratamento
13.
Pharmazie ; 63(4): 290-5, 2008 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18468389

RESUMO

Rhodiola has been widely used in traditional Asian medicine. In this study, we tested the hypopigmentation effects of R. sachalinensis and its active compounds including catechin, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, and p-tyrosol. Results have shown that only p-coumaric acid inhibits melanin synthesis in B16F10 cells. However, p-coumaric acid did not inhibit tyrosinase activity when L-DOPA was used as a substrate. Instead, p-coumaric acid inhibited tyrosinase activity when L-tyrosine was used as a substrate. We further analyzed the changes of cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation and tyrosinase gene expression. The results indicate that p-coumaric acid does not affect CREB phosphorylation or tyrosinase protein production. In turn, these findings demonstrate that p-coumaric acid has no effect on the upstream regulation of tyrosinase gene expression, although p-coumaric acid showed a significant inhibitory effect on melanogenesis. Because p-coumaric acid showed different effects on tyrosinase activity according to different substrates, we tested whether tyrosinase can utilize p-coumaric acid as a substrate. Our findings revealed that competitive inhibition occurs between p-coumaric acid and tyrosine. Consequently, this finding could be a primary mechanism for the hypopigmenting action of p-coumaric acid.


Assuntos
Ácidos Cumáricos/farmacologia , Melaninas/antagonistas & inibidores , Melaninas/biossíntese , Rhodiola/química , Western Blotting , Catequina/farmacologia , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácido Clorogênico/farmacologia , Ácidos Cumáricos/antagonistas & inibidores , Ácidos Cumáricos/química , Proteína de Ligação ao Elemento de Resposta ao AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Humanos , Levodopa/metabolismo , Melanoma Experimental/metabolismo , Monofenol Mono-Oxigenase/antagonistas & inibidores , Álcool Feniletílico/análogos & derivados , Álcool Feniletílico/farmacologia , Fosforilação , Propionatos , Tirosina/antagonistas & inibidores , Tirosina/farmacologia , alfa-MSH/farmacologia
14.
Arch Pharm Res ; 28(11): 1251-6, 2005 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16350851

RESUMO

In this study, we evaluated the cytoprotective effects of antioxidative substances in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treated Mel-Ab melanocytes. Tested substances include selenium, quercetin, green tea (GT) extract, and several vitamins (ascorbic acid, Trolox, and folic acid). Of these, both quercetin and GT extract were found to have strong cytoprotective effects on H2O2-induced cell death. We also examined additive effects, but no combination of two of any of the above substances was found to act synergistically against oxidative damage in Mel-Ab cells. Nevertheless, a multi-combination of GT extract, quercetin, and folic acid appeared to prevent cellular damage in a synergistic manner, which suggests that combinations of antioxidants may be of importance, and that co-treatment with antioxidants offers a possible means of treating vitiligo, which is known to be related to melanocyte oxidative stress.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Camellia/química , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/antagonistas & inibidores , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Quercetina/farmacologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Disruptores Endócrinos/farmacologia , Melanócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Vitaminas/química , Vitaminas/farmacologia
15.
J Ethnopharmacol ; 96(1-2): 79-85, 2005 Jan 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15588653

RESUMO

The mushroom Inonotus obliquus (Fr.) Pilát (Hymenochaetaceae), has been widely used as a folk medicine in Russia, Poland and most of the Baltic countries. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the antioxidant capacities of Inonotus obliquus. Four extracts from the fungus were evaluated for antioxidant activity against the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide, and peroxyl radicals. The polyphenolic extract had a strong antioxidant activity, and the extract containing triterpenoids and steroids presented a relatively strong antioxidant effect. The polysaccharide extract, however, was inactive. The protective effects of these four extracts were assessed against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress using a human keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT. Our results show that the polyphenolic extract protected these cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress, while the polysaccharide, triterpenoid and steroid extracts were ineffective. Additionally, the remnant polyphenolic and low molecular weight polysaccharide extracts showed a weakly protective effect at a concentration of 50 microg/ml. Our results indicate that Inonotus obliquus has the capacity to scavenge free radicals at concentrations higher than 5 microg/ml and that the polyphenolic extract can protect cells against oxidative stress.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Basidiomycota , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/química , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/isolamento & purificação , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/farmacologia , Humanos , Queratinócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Fenóis/farmacologia , Polifenóis , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia
16.
Brain Res Dev Brain Res ; 152(1): 11-8, 2004 Aug 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15283990

RESUMO

This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of dietary supplementation of fish oil on both brain infarction and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (4-weeks old) were divided into two groups and received either a regular diet (RD) or a fish-oil-supplemented diet (FOD) for 6 weeks prior to middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. The infarction volume of the brain was calculated using image analysis after staining. Antioxidant enzymes were measured before ischemia (BI), after 2 h of ischemia (AI) and after 24 h (24hR), 48 h (48hR) and after 7 days (7dR) of reperfusion. The infarction volume of the brain was significantly smaller in the FOD group than in the RD group after 24 h of reperfusion (p<0.05). Before ischemia, the levels of lipid peroxide and the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were higher in the FOD group than in the RD group. During reperfusion, the catalase (CAT) activity in the FOD group remained at the preischemia level until after 48 h of reperfusion, while those in the RD group did not. The Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and GPx activity were higher in the FOD group than in the RD group only after 2 h of ischemia. In the fatty acid analysis, the ratio of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were higher in the FOD group than in the RD group (p<0.05). Our results demonstrate that supplementing the diet with fish oil could decrease the cerebral infarction volume following ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) partly by working directly as an antioxidant and partly by modulating antioxidant enzyme activities.


Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica/dietoterapia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Óleos de Peixe/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêutico , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/dietoterapia , Animais , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encéfalo/patologia , Isquemia Encefálica/patologia , Catalase/efeitos dos fármacos , Catalase/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Glutationa Peroxidase/efeitos dos fármacos , Glutationa Peroxidase/metabolismo , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Superóxido Dismutase/efeitos dos fármacos , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Substâncias Reativas com Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/análise
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