RESUMO
This study aimed to evaluate the association between asthma and the intake of coffee/green tea/soda. We used Health Examinee data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (2004-2016). The participants (n = 3146 with asthma; n = 158,902 non-asthma) were asked about the frequency and amount of their coffee/green tea/soda intake. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for asthma according to the frequency and amount of coffee/green tea/soda intake. Compared to the group consuming no coffee, the aORs for asthma were 0.82 (95% CI = 0.73-0.93, p = 0.002) in the group consuming coffee 1-2 times/day and 0.87 (95% CI = 0.78-0.97, p = 0.011) in the group consuming coffee in quantities of 1 cup, respectively. However, the frequency and amount of green tea and soda consumption were not significantly associated with asthma after adjusting for coffee consumption (all p > 0.05). These findings were consistent in the female subgroup (1-2 times/day: aOR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.66-0.87, p < 0.001, and 1 cup each time: aOR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.70-0.90, p < 0.001) but not in the male subgroup. Drinking 1 cup of coffee each time and 1-2 times per day may have protective effects against asthma in a Korean population. However, the associations between asthma and green tea/soda cannot be clearly established.
Assuntos
Asma , Cafeína , Café , Chá , Asma/epidemiologia , Asma/prevenção & controle , Dieta , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Physalis peruviana L. (PP) is well known for its various properties, including its antioxidant property. In our previous study, the protective effects of PP against cigarette smokeinduced airway inflammation were confirmed. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antiinflammatory effect of PP against ovalbumin (OVA)induced airway inflammation. Treatment with PP inhibited the numbers of eosinophils and the levels of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)4, IL5 and IL13, in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of animal models with OVAinduced allergic asthma. PP also significantly decreased the production of total immunoglobulin E in the serum. Lung sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin revealed that the influx of inflammatory cells was decreased in the lungs of mice treated with PP compared with cells in the OVA group. The increased expression levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein1 (MCP1) and T cell marker KEN5 were also reduced following PP treatment in the lung tissues compared with those in the OVA group. The PAS staining results showed that PP attenuated the overproduction of mucus in the lung. Additionally, western blot analysis revealed that PP significantly downregulated the activation of nuclear factorκB/p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase/cJun Nterminal kinase, and upregulated the expression of heme oxgenase1 in the lungs. In an in vitro experiment, PP effectively reduced the levels of LPSstimulated MCP1 in a concentrationdependent manner. Taken together, these results indicate that PP has considerable potential in the treatment of allergic asthma.
Assuntos
Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Pulmão/patologia , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Physalis/química , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Animais , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/citologia , Contagem de Células , Quimiocina CCL2/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Ativação Enzimática/efeitos dos fármacos , Eosinófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Eosinófilos/patologia , Feminino , Heme Oxigenase (Desciclizante)/metabolismo , Imunoglobulina E/sangue , Inflamação/sangue , Inflamação/patologia , Proteínas Quinases JNK Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Pulmão/metabolismo , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Muco/metabolismo , Ovalbumina , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Células RAW 264.7 , Proteínas Quinases p38 Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismoRESUMO
In order to determine the effects on foraminifera due to spilled crude oil in the "Herbei Spirit" incident, a study of benthic foraminiferal assemblages was carried out on sediment samples collected from the Sogeunri tidal flat, Taean Peninsula, Korea. Breakages of the chambers in the Ammonia beccarii and Elphidium subincertum species of the Sogeunri tidal flat with a low pH (6.98 on average) were marked. These chamber breakages occurred in 71.6% of A. beccarii and are thought to be caused by decalcification due to the fall in pH resulting from the "Hebei Spirit" oil spill. The factors that affect breakage of the chamber in benthic foraminifera under low pH condition may be not only deto decalcification but also to exposure duration of substrata in the tidal flat spilled crude oil.
Assuntos
Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Foraminíferos/efeitos dos fármacos , Poluição por Petróleo , Petróleo/toxicidade , Petróleo/análise , República da Coreia , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análiseRESUMO
Photothermal treatment (PTT) using nanoparticles has gained attention as a promising alternative therapy for malignant tumors. One strategy for increasing the selectivity of PTT is the use of macrophages as a cellular vector for delivering nanoparticles. The aim of the present study is to examine the use of macrophages as a cellular vector for efficient PTT and determine the appropriate irradiation power and time of a near-infrared (NIR) laser using real-time phase-contrast imaging. Thermally induced injury and death of cancer cells were found to begin at 44°C to 45°C, which was achieved using the PTT effect with gold nanoshells (NS) and irradiation with a NIR laser at a power of 2 W for 5 min. The peritoneal macrophage efficiently functioned as a cellular vector for the NS, and the cancer cells surrounding the NS-loaded macrophages selectively lost their cellular viability after being irradiated with the NIR laser.