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1.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 3814, 2024 02 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38360842

RESUMO

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing in middle- and low-income countries, and this disease is a burden on public health systems. Notably, dietary components are crucial regulatory factors in T2DM. Plant-based dietary patterns and certain food groups, such as whole grains, legumes, nuts, vegetables, and fruits, are inversely correlated with diabetes incidence. We conducted the present study to determine the association between adherence to a plant-based diet and the risk of diabetes among adults. We conducted a cross-sectional, population-based RaNCD cohort study involving 3401 men and 3699 women. The plant-based diet index (PDI) was developed using a 118-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between the PDI score and the risk of T2DM. A total of 7100 participants with a mean age of 45.96 ± 7.78 years were analysed. The mean PDI scores in the first, second, and third tertiles (T) were 47.13 ± 3.41, 54.44 ± 1.69, and 61.57 ± 3.24, respectively. A lower PDI was significantly correlated with a greater incidence of T2DM (T1 = 7.50%, T2 = 4.85%, T3 = 4.63%; P value < 0.001). Higher PDI scores were associated with significantly increased intakes of fibre, vegetables, fruits, olives, olive oil, legumes, soy products, tea/coffee, whole grains, nuts, vitamin E, vitamin C, and omega-6 fatty acids (P value < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding variables, the odds of having T2DM were significantly lower (by 30%) at T3 of the PDI than at T1 (OR = 0.70; 95% CI = 0.51, 0.96; P value < 0.001). Our data suggest that adhering to plant-based diets comprising whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, vegetable oils, and tea/coffee can be recommended today to reduce the risk of T2DM.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Fabaceae , Masculino , Adulto , Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/etiologia , Padrões Dietéticos , Estudos de Coortes , Estudos Transversais , Café , Dieta , Verduras , Plantas , Chá
2.
Int J Clin Pract ; 2022: 2967977, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35685524

RESUMO

Background: Metabolic syndrome is overwhelmingly increasing and is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disorder, so effective treatment strategies are considered high priority. This study aimed to determine the effects of synbiotic supplementation on metabolic factors in patients with metabolic syndrome. Methods: In this triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial, 108 participants were divided into two groups to receive synbiotic supplementation or placebo for 12 weeks. All participants were also educated about maintaining a healthy lifestyle and consuming low-calorie nutritious meals, along with dietary intake and physical activity monitoring. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, glycemic indices, lipid profile, hepatic enzymes, and hs-CRP were evaluated at the baseline and end of the trial. Results: Synbiotic supplementation significantly reduces fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in the intervention group versus placebo group [-14.69 ± 15.11 mg/dl vs. -8.23 ± 7.90 mg/dl; p=0.007], but there was no difference between groups in other metabolic factors. Conclusions: These findings suggest that synbiotic supplementation while following a healthy lifestyle and nutrition improved FBG in patients with metabolic syndrome.


Assuntos
Síndrome Metabólica , Simbióticos , Glicemia/metabolismo , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Suplementos Nutricionais , Método Duplo-Cego , Humanos , Síndrome Metabólica/terapia
3.
Eat Weight Disord ; 27(2): 821-830, 2022 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34057705

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder and a common cause of infertility among women that is associated with low-grade inflammation. Therefore, the current randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to assess the effects of green cardamom supplementation on the serum level of inflammatory markers and their gene expression among obese women with PCOS. METHODS: We included 194 obese women with PCOS and administered low-calorie diet to all of them. These subjects were randomly divided into two groups including the intervention group with 3 g/day green cardamom (n = 99) and the placebo group (n = 95). Anthropometric indices, androgen hormones, and inflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP)] were assessed before and after the 4-month intervention. TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP gene expression levels were measured using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. RESULTS: Anthropometric indices were improved in both studied groups (P < 0.001). Among androgen hormones, luteinizing hormone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone were significantly decreased (P < 0.001), and follicle-stimulating hormone was significantly increased (P < 0.001) in the green cardamom group. Our findings showed that TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP serum levels were significantly decreased after the intervention with green cardamom plus low-calorie diet (P < 0.001). In addition, the expression levels of TNF-α and CRP genes were significantly decreased in the intervention group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The present study supports the beneficial anti-inflammatory effect of green cardamom on the inflammatory state in PCOS women. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level I: randomized clinical trial. Trial registration This trial was registered with the Iranian Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: IRCT20200608047697N1). 1 August, 2020; https://www.irct.ir/trial/48748 .


Assuntos
Elettaria , Síndrome do Ovário Policístico , Restrição Calórica , Suplementos Nutricionais , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico) , Obesidade/complicações , Síndrome do Ovário Policístico/complicações , Síndrome do Ovário Policístico/tratamento farmacológico
4.
Nurs Open ; 9(6): 2552-2561, 2022 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34170617

RESUMO

AIM: Pressure injuries (PIs) are one of the most common complications related to immobility, especially in hospitalized patients, which lead to increased morbidity, infection and overall decreased quality of life. Arginine supplementation may prevent the development of PIs. This study has summarized the findings of studies on the effect of arginine supplementation on PI healing. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: This study was conducted on online electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Embase to identify relevant clinical trial studies up to September 2020. The pooled effect size of arginine supplement effects on PI was evaluated with standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis with 196 patients. PIs were significantly improved with Arginine supplementation (SMD: -0.6; CI 95%: -0.9 to -0.3, I2 : 72.5%, p = .001). Subgroup analysis showed that administering Arginine supplement more than 15 g/day had more beneficial effects on the healing of PIs (SMD: -2.8; CI 95%: -4.08 to -1.52, I2 : 54.7%, p = .138). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the administration of Arginine supplement in patients with PIs can accelerate the healing of this type of ulcer. Arginine is a supplement, and primary treatment is still needed to optimize PI healing. Therefore, arginine supplementation in addition to primary treatment seems to be an appropriate approach for the healing of PIs. Further well-designed studies are necessary to prevent the development of PIs compared to their primary treatment.


Assuntos
Arginina , Úlcera por Pressão , Humanos , Arginina/uso terapêutico , Arginina/farmacologia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Nutrição Enteral , Qualidade de Vida , Cicatrização
5.
J Educ Health Promot ; 10: 63, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34084810

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Clinical trials concerning the effect of supplements or multivitamin on improving the quality of life have proven different results. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of multivitamin supplement on quality of life of the elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-four old people over 65 years of age in Kermanshah Elderly Care Center participated in this randomized trial. The samples were first selected using the convenience sampling and then were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received one multivitamin mineral (MVM) supplement capsule every day for 3 months with no intervention for the control group. Standard quality of life questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 22. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 70.77 ± 8.29 years. The results of intra-group evaluation of the aspects of quality of life of the elderly show the lack of significant changes in the mean scores of physical health and environmental health of the elderly in the intervention group (P > 0.05) and the significant reduction of these aspects in the control group (P < 0.05) after intervention. The mean score of mental health scores in the intervention group significantly increased (P = 0.01), but there are no significant changes in the control group (P = 0.273). The mean scores of social relationships as well as the overall score of quality of life in the intervention and control groups showed no significant changes (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The present study showed that the consumption of MVM supplements can have a positive effect on increasing the quality of life of the elderly, but it is recommended to be done in the long term along diet. Moreover, considering the fact that no change was observed in the other aspects of the quality of life, attentions should be paid to the environmental and social factors such as social supports and empowerment of the old people in the future studies.

6.
Food Sci Nutr ; 9(1): 303-312, 2021 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33473294

RESUMO

Vitamin D deficiency can be regarded as one of the overgrowing health problem in all of the world. Evidence from a clinical trial suggested a role for probiotic bacteria in increasing vitamin D. However, probiotic's effect is strain specific and this effect should be confirmed about different strains. The objective was to determine if yogurt fortification with probiotic bacteria, Lactobillus acidophilus La-B5, Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 either alone or in combination with vitamin D can be a complementary treatment for vitamin D deficiency. The end-points were vitamin D, cardio metabolic lipid profile, anthropometric indices (weight, height, waist, hip, fat mass, lean body mass) and dietary intake. A 10-week parallel-group, double-blind, randomized and controlled trial was conducted on 140 obese men and women. The participants were randomly allocated to receive 100 grams either 1) plain low-fat yogurt or 2) probiotic yogurt or 3) vitamin D-fortified yogurt or 4) probiotic and vitamin D cofortified yogurt. All groups received low-calorie diet. Vitamin D increased significantly in group 4 (p = .008), group 3 (p = .001) and group 1 (p = .012 with no difference between groups. Vitamin D-fortified yogurt had the most effect size and showed a significant difference versus plain (p = .018) and probiotic yogurt (p = .002). Regarding lipid profile, there were no significant differences between groups. Data from this study does not support the hypothesis that yogurt fortified with probiotic bacteria, Lactobillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 either alone or in combination with vitamin D might impose any increasing effect on serum level of vitamin D in comparison with vitamin D-fortified yogurt.

7.
Clin Nutr Res ; 9(2): 97-106, 2020 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32395440

RESUMO

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious public health problem accompanies with several complications. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of chromium picolinate (CrPic) supplementation on the glycemic status and lipid profile in patients with T2DM. The patients with T2DM (n = 52) were randomly allocated into 2 groups. One group received 400 µg CrPic per day and the other group took placebo; the intervention duration was 8 weeks. Anthropometric indices and metabolic factors were measured at the beginning, and at end of the study. The patients were recommended not to change their normal diet, life style and medication. No significant changes were observed for weight, body mass index, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in both groups; while intra-groups changes in homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value was significant (p < 0.05). Results of analysis of covariance showed that there were significance differences between groups in total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and HOMA-IR at the end of the intervention adjusting for baseline levels (p = 0.035, 0.030 and < 0.001, respectively). In this study, oral supplementation with 400 µg CrPic for eight weeks did not alter FBG concentration as well as anthropometric parameters in individuals with T2DM. However, the modest beneficial effects of chromium supplementation on insulin resistance as indicated by HOMA-IR and lipid profile were found.

8.
Clin Rheumatol ; 38(12): 3367-3374, 2019 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31392559

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the effect of CoQ10 supplementation on serum matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and clinical parameters in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. METHOD: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 54 RA patients who fulfilled the eligibility criteria (18-56 years, diagnosed at least 6 months ago, with DAS-28 > 3.2) were randomly assigned into two groups to receive 100 mg/day CoQ10 (n = 27) or placebo (n = 27) for 2 months. Serum MMP-1 and MMP-3 levels and clinical status using disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS-28) were assessed before and after supplementation. Data were analyzed using χ2, independent sample t test, paired t test, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, and analysis of covariance. RESULTS: A significant reduction was observed in both CoQ10 and placebo groups in the medians of serum MMP-1 (0.2 to 0.16, P < 0.001), (0.18 to 0.15, P = 0.001); swollen joint count (2 to 0, P < 0.001), (2 to 0, P = 0.009); and the means of DAS-28 (5.01 ± 1.21 to 2.34 ± 0.68, P < 0.001), (4.88 ± 0.96 to 4.04 ± 1.36, P = 0.009) respectively. Serum MMP-3 level increased significantly in placebo group (2.26 to 2.57, P = 0.020), and the MMP-3 changes between groups were significant (P = 0.027). Furthermore, significant reductions were only observed in ESR, pain score, and tender joint count in CoQ10 group compared with baseline (P = 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively). Significant differences were observed between two groups in DAS-28, pain score, and swollen and tender joint count after the intervention (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.012 and P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: It seems that CoQ10 may provide a new complementary approach for RA patients.Key Points• CoQ10 supplementation in RA patients attenuated serum MMP-3 level.• CoQ10 supplementation in RA patients improved clinical outcomes and ameliorated disease severity.• CoQ10 may provide a new complementary approach for patients with RA.


Assuntos
Artrite Reumatoide/tratamento farmacológico , Metaloproteinases da Matriz/sangue , Ubiquinona/análogos & derivados , Vitaminas/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Artrite Reumatoide/sangue , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Ubiquinona/farmacologia , Ubiquinona/uso terapêutico , Vitaminas/farmacologia
9.
J Renal Inj Prev ; 5(4): 179-82, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27689119

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: One of the major causes of mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients on hemodialysis is premature atherosclerosis. Selenium, a trace element involved in important enzymatic activities inside the body, has protective effects against lipid oxidation and inhibits cholesterol accumulation in blood vessels. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of selenium supplementation on lipid profile in hemodialysis patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this double-blinded randomized clinical trial which lasted for 3 months, 84 hemodialysis patients with selenium deficiency were divided into experimental group (received selenium supplementation) or control group (received placebo). Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and selenium level were measured before and after the study. RESULTS: Mean (±SD) serum LDL-C level significantly increased in experimental group from 85.66 (±31.12) to 109.12 (±32.29) mg/dl (P<0.001). Likewise, in control group serum LDL-C significantly increased from 80.55 (±21.13) to 97.05 (±28.07) mg/dl (P<0.001). However, with control of LDL-C effect before and after the study, it was revealed that LDL-C change was not statistically significant (P=0.21). Similarly, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels did not show significant changes before and after the study in any group. CONCLUSION: Selenium supplementation had no beneficial effect on lipid profile in hemodialysis patients.

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