Efecto de la Vitamina E en Células Peritubulares de Testículos de Ratones Mus musculus Tratados con Ácido Valproico Durante el Estado Fetal y Pubertad / Effect of Vitamin E on Peritubular Cells from Testis of Mus musculus Mice Treated with Valproic Acid During the Fetal Stage and Puberty

El ácido valproico (VPA) es un fármaco antiepiléptico teratógenico que, al ser administrado durante etapas tempranas del embarazo, puede producir alteraciones en el desarrollo embriofetal, las que se manifiestan tanto a nivel del sistema nervioso como del testículo. No obstante, se ha reportado que la administración de vitamina E (VE) podría revertir dichas alteraciones. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto protector de la VE a nivel testicular en fetos y ratones púberes expuestos a VPA durante la fase embrionaria de su desarrollo. Se utilizó un total de 30 ratones hembra adultas gestantes (Mus musculus) cepa BALB/c, las cuales se dividieron en 6 grupos. El estudio contempló el análisis de fetos machos a los 17,5 días post-coital (dpc) y machos juveniles a las 6 semanas post-natal. A los grupos 1 y 4 se les administró 0,3 mL de solución fisiológica (grupos control para 17,5 dpc y 6 semanas postnatal, respectivamente). A los grupos 2 y 5 se les suministró la cantidad de 600 mg/kg de VPA (grupos VPA), en tanto que a los grupos 3 y 6 se les aplicó la misma dosis de VPA complementada con 200 UI de VE (grupos VPA+VE). Se describió la histología normal y patológica del compartimento peritubular del testículo. En los grupos VPA se evidenció una degeneración de la pared peritubular, y atrofia de túbulos seminíferos, así como exfoliación de las células germinales. Por el contrario, en los grupos VPA+VE tales signos no fueron observados y la morfología presentó aspecto normal solo con algunas alteraciones focales. Estos resultados corroboran el hecho que la administración de VE contrarresta en parte, los efectos deletéreos que ocasiona el VPA.

SUMMARY: Valproic acid (VPA) is a teratogenic antiepileptic drug that, when administered during the early stages of pregnancy, can produce alterations in embryo-fetal development, which manifest both at the level of the nervous system and the testicle. However, it has been reported that the administration of vitamin E (VE) could reverse these alterations. The study aimed to determine the protective effect of VE at the testicular level in fetuses and pubertal mice exposed to VPA during the embryonic phase of their development. 30 pregnant adult female mice (Mus musculus) BALB/c strain were used, which were divided into 6 groups. The study included the analysis of male fetuses at 17.5 days post-coital (dpc) and juvenile males at 6 weeks post-natal. Groups 1 and 4 were administered 0.3 mL of physiological solution. Groups 2 and 5 were given 600 mg/kg of VPA (VPA groups), while groups 3 and 6 were given the same dose of VPA supplemented with 200 IU of VE (VPA+VE). The normal and pathological histology of the peritubular compartment of the testis was described. In the VPA groups, degeneration of the peritubular wall, and atrophy of the seminiferous tubules, as well as exfoliation of the germ cells, were evident. On the contrary, in the VPA+VE groups such signs were not observed and the morphology presented a normal appearance with only some focal alterations. These results corroborate the fact that the administration of VE partially counteracts the deleterious effects caused by VPA.

Relação entre estilos de aprendizagem e rendimento acadêmico dos estudantes do quinto ano de medicina / Relationship between learning styles and academic performance of fifth graders enrolled in the medical course

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o(s) estilo(s) de aprendizagem dos estudantes do quinto ano do curso de medicina que frequentaram a disciplina de Oftalmologia e o nível de relação com o seu rendimento acadêmico. MÉTODOS: Foram aplicados questionários de estilos de aprendizagem de Kolb e Programação Neurolinguística (PNL) para determinar o estilo de aprendizagem dos estudantes e estes foram relacionados com as avaliações finais obtidas. As variáveis foram analisadas através do teste r de Pearson. RESULTADOS: Foi observado que existe relação entre as variáveis estilos de aprendizagem e rendimento acadêmico (p < 0,05). Segundo o modelo de Kolb os estudantes com estilo reflexivo obtiveram melhor rendimento e de acordo com o modelo PNL, foram os estudantes com estilo visual. CONCLUSÃO: As variáveis estilos de aprendizagem a partir dos modelos de PNL e Kolb atuam independentemente do rendimento acadêmico dos estudantes do curso de medicina, indicando predomínio dos estilos visual e reflexivo...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the learning styles of fifth-year medical students who attended the ophthalmology course and to also determine the correlation with their academic performance. METHODS: Kolb'slearning style and neurolinguistic programming (NLP) questionnaires were applied and related tothe final grades obtained. The variables were analyzed using Pearson's r test. RESULTS: I trevealed a relation between the variables of learning styles and academic performance (p < 0.05).According to Kolb's model, students with better performance were reflective style and according to the NLP model, students with visual style. CONCLUSION: learning styles variables from the NLP mode land Kolb, actingin dependently of the academic performance of students ina medical career, marking the highest preference forthe visual style andreflective questionnaires applied based on both models.this study is consistent with other research in this field conducted with students of the samerace...