Effect of laser phototherapy (λ660 nm) on type I and III collagen expression during wound healing in hypothyroid rats: an immunohistochemical study in a rodent model.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess, immunohistochemically, the impact of hypothyroidism and the effect of laser phototherapy on the expression of type I and III collagen during wound healing. BACKGROUND DATA: Hypothyroidism has been associated with the disruption of the body's metabolism, including the healing process. Laser phototherapy has been shown to be effective in improving wound healing, but its usefulness on enhancing wound healing under hypothyroid condition remains unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using general anesthesia, a standard surgical wound (1 cm(2)) was created on the dorsa of 48 Wistar rats divided into four groups of 12 animals each: control euthyroid (EC), euthyroid plus laser (EL), control hypothyroid (HC), and hypothyroid plus laser (HL). The irradiation with laser GaAlAs [λ660 nm, 40 mW, 1 W/cm(2), continuous wave (CW), ø=0.04 cm(2)] started immediately after surgery and was repeated every other day until end-point of study was reached, and animals were euthanized (i.e., 7 and 14 days). Laser light was applied on four different points (6 J, 150 sec and 150 J/cm(2) per point). Hypothyroidism was induced in rats with propylthiouracil (0.05 g/100 mL) administered orally for 4 weeks and maintained until the end of the experiment. Immunohistochemistry for collagen I and III was performed with EnVision(™) in the specimens removed. RESULTS: Seven days after the surgery EC, EL, and HL groups showed higher immunoexpression of collagen I and lower immunoexpression of collagen III in the newly formed tissue. There was increased immunoexpression of collagen I in EC when compared with HC (p=0.019). The immunoexpression of collagen III was significantly lower in EL than in EC (p=0.047) and HL (p=0.019). No significant difference was found in the experimental period of 14 days among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Laser light therapy performed with the parameters of this investigation increased immunoexpression of collagen type I during tissue repair, and improved the quality of newly formed tissue in the presence of hypothyroidism.

Effects of LED phototherapy on relative wound contraction and reepithelialization during tissue repair in hypothyroid rats: morphometric and histological study.

The aim of this study was to assess morphometrically and histologically, the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) (λ630 ± 20 nm) phototherapy on reepithelialization and wound contraction during tissue repair in hypothyroid rats. Thyroid hormone deficiency has been associated with disorders of tissue repair. LED phototherapy has been studied using several healing models, but their usefulness in the improvement of hypothyroidism wound healing remains unknown. Under general anesthesia, a standard surgical wound (1 cm(2)) was produced on the dorsum of 48 male Wistar rats divided into four groups of 12 animals each: EC-control euthyroid, ED-euthyroid + LED, HC-control hypothyroid, and HD-Hypothyroid + LED. The irradiation started immediately after surgery and was repeated every other day for 7 and 14 days. Photographs of the wound were taken at the day of the surgical procedure and on days 8 and 15 after surgery, when animals' deaths occurred. The specimens were removed, routinely processed, and stained with hematoxylin/eosin. Seven days after the surgery, it was possible to observe statistically significant reductions in the wound area of the irradiated euthyroid group, in comparison to hypothyroid group, irradiated and non-irradiated (ANOVA, p < 0.05). The reepithelialization was significantly higher in the euthyroid and hypothyroid groups irradiated with LED than in the non-irradiated groups (Fisher's test, p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in the experimental period of 14 days among the groups. The hypothyroidism delayed wound healing and the LED phototherapy, at these specific parameters, improved the process of reepithelialization in the presence of hypothyroidism.