Efeito biológico do laser de baixa intensidade em osteoblastos cultivados na superfície de arcabouços poliméricos tridimensionais / Biological effect of low-intensity laser on osteoblasts cultured on the surface of three-dimensional polymeric scaffolds

A primeira parte do trabalho avaliou, através de uma revisão sistemática de estudos in vitro, a aplicabilidade da fotobiomodulação como uma ferramenta auxiliar na engenharia de tecidos. De 8373 estudos inicialmente identificados a partir das estratégias de busca, dez artigos atingiram os critérios de inclusão para análise. Os dados obtidos na maioria dos estudos revisados indicaram que a laserterapia de baixa intensidade (LBI) pode aumentar a proliferação e diferenciação de células cultivadas na superfície dos biomateriais. Na segunda parte do trabalho foi avaliado o efeito da LBI na dose de 4 J/cm2 na proliferação de osteoblastos (OFCOL II) cultivados na superfície de arcabouços poliméricos tridimensionais (3D) de ácido polilático (PLA) e de PLA associado a quitosana (PLA/Q) produzidos pela técnica de fiação por sopro em solução. O ensaio do Alamar Blue demonstrou que as células OFCOL II cultivadas sobre os arcabouços 3D de PLA e irradiadas apresentaram uma maior atividade proliferativa quando comparadas aos grupos não irradiados no intervalo de 72 h. Além disso, as células OFCOL II cultivadas sobre arcabouços de PLA/Q também apresentaram uma maior atividade proliferativa em 24 h. A análise pela microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) mostrou que os osteoblastos se encontravam ancorados em concavidades das fibras nos arcabouços examinados. Concluiu-se que o modelo proposto apresentou um potencial para estudos na área da engenharia tecidual óssea. Na terceira parte do trabalho foi avaliada a influência da LBI infravermelha (IV) e vermelha (V) em diferentes dosagens (1 J/cm², 4 J/cm² e 6 J/cm²) na proliferação e viabilidade das células OFCOL II. O ensaio do Alamar Blue mostrou diferenças significativas (p<0,05) na atividade mitocondrial do grupo IV utilizando a dose de 1 J/cm2 e 4 J/cm2, nos intervalos de 24 e 48 h. Já o ensaio do Live/Dead evidenciou que a LBI induziu aumento da viabilidade celular no grupo IV na dose de 4 J/cm2, quando comparada com os demais grupos. Em conjunto, os resultados sugerem que a LBI pode promover bioestimulação in vitro de osteoblastos, inclusive quando cultivados na superfície de arcabouços poliméricos 3D, representando assim uma ferramenta promissora nas técnicas de engenharia tecidual óssea (AU).

The first part of the work evaluated, through a systematic review of in vitro studies, the applicability of photobiomodulation as an auxiliary tool in tissue engineering. Of 8373 studies initially identified from the search strategies, ten articles met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Data obtained from most of the reviewed studies indicated that low-intensity laser therapy (LLLT) could increase the proliferation and differentiation of cells cultured on the surface of biomaterials. The second part of the work evaluated the effect of LLLT at a dose of 4 J/cm² on the proliferation of osteoblasts (OFCOL II) cultivated on the surface of threedimensional (3D) polymer scaffolds of polylactic acid (PLA) and PLA associated with chitosan (PLA/Q) produced by the solution blow spinning technique. The Alamar Blue assay demonstrated that OFCOL II cells cultured on 3D PLA scaffolds and irradiated showed more significant proliferative activity when compared to non-irradiated groups within 72 h. Furthermore, OFCOL II cells cultured on PLA/Q scaffolds showed higher proliferative activity at 24 h. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the osteoblasts were anchored in the concavities of the fibers of the examined scaffolds. It was concluded that the proposed model showed potential for studies in the field of bone tissue engineering. The third part of the work evaluated the influence of infrared (IR) and red (R) laser therapy at different dosages (1 J/cm², 4 J/cm², and 6 J/cm²) on the proliferation and viability of OFCOL II cells. The Alamar Blue assay showed significant differences (p<0.05) in the mitochondrial activity of group IR using the dose of 1 J/cm² and 4 J/cm² at 24 and 48 h. The Live/Dead assay showed that LLLT induced an increase in cell viability in the IR group at a dose of 4 J/cm² compared to the other groups. Taken together, the results suggest that LLLT can promote in vitro biostimulation of osteoblasts, even when cultivated on the surface of 3D polymeric scaffolds, thus representing a promising tool in bone tissue engineering techniques (AU).

Effect of low-level laser therapy on seminiferous epithelium: a systematic review of in vivo studies.

Laser therapy has proved effective in the treatment of different tissue injuries but little is known about its effect on the testis. The aim of this review was to synthesize research on the in vivo effect of low-level laser therapy on the seminiferous epithelium. A search was performed in the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and LILACS databases. The initial search retrieved 354 references, and five articles that met the eligibility criteria were selected. In general, the studies showed that laser therapy exerted a positive effect on the germ cell population; however, there was considerable variation in the laser parameters, as well as in the experimental models and methods of tissue analysis used. In conclusion, further studies determining the biostimulation parameters of laser therapy in the testis are necessary in order to provide a basis for the possible application of this technique to the restoration of the human seminiferous epithelium and consequent treatment of some male reproductive disorders.

Atividade antimicrobiana de substâncias fitoterápicas utilizadas no tratamento de afecções bucais: estudo in vitro / Antimicrobian activity of phytoterapicsubstances used in the treatment of buccal afecctions: In vitro study / Actividad antimicrobiana de sustancias fitoterapéuticas utilizadas en el tratamiento de trastornos orales: estudio in vitro

Introdução:A utilização de fitoterápicos para os tratamentos de prevenção e de suporte de patologias situadas nos diversos órgãos e tecidos, caracteriza-se como uma prática amplamente disseminada no Brasil.Objetivo:Avaliar a ação antimicrobiana de 09 substâncias fitoterápicas utilizadas costumeiramentepara o tratamento de suporte em algumas afecções bucais no nordeste brasileiro. Materiais:O experimento in vitrofoi realizado no Laboratório de Microbiologia do Centro de Biociências da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, e o preparo foi realizado por decocção em por um período de 10 minutos e para cada espécie de bactérias, foram utilizadas duas Placas dePetri com meio de cultura Agar Muller Hinton.Métodos:Para a realização da decocção, foi utilizadauma quantidade de 10 gramas eesperou-se os preparos atingir a temperatura ambiente (37º),aatividade antimicrobiana foi avaliada frente à duas cepas de bactérias,através de uma técnica de observação em laboratório, para cada espécie de bactéria.Foram utilizadas duas Placas de Petri com meio de cultura Agar Muller Hinton, onde a inoculação foi realizada por meio de Swabs, e sobre os quais foram realizadoscinco poços de aproximadamente 6 mm de diâmetro. Resultados:Os extratos da semente de manuscada, óleo de coco, casca de cajueiro, semente de sucupira, raiz de urtiga branca e gengibre, foram ineficazes contra o Streptococcus mutans,e Streptococcus mitis,por outro lado o extrato de româ exibiu eficácia para o Streptococcus mutanse a pedra hume exibiu eficácia parao Streptococcus mitis.Conclusões:Os extratos de casca de cajueiro, casca de romã, gengibre e de pedra hume foram eficazes antibacterianos sobre Streptococcus mutansquando comparado com o Periogard®, considerado padrão ouro nos estudos sobre os agentes antibacterianos na odontologia (AU).

Introduction:The use of herbal medicines for the prevention and support treatments of pathologies located in the various organs and tissues is characterized as a widespread practice in Brazil.Objective:To analyze, from the elaboration of antibiogramsof the species Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus mitis, the antimicrobial activity of phytotherapeutic species in oral disorders.Materials:The in vitro experiment was carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Biosciences Center of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, and the preparation was carried out by decoction in a period of 10 minutes and for each species of bacteria, two plates were used Petri dish with Agar Muller Hinton culture medium.Methods:For the decoction, a quantity of 10 grams was used and the preparations were expected to reach room temperature (37º), the antimicrobial activity was evaluated against two strains of bacteria, using a laboratory observation technique, for each species of bacteria, two Petri dishes with Agar Muller Hinton culture medium were used, where the inoculation was performed by means of Swabs, and on which five wells of approximately 6 mm in diameter were made.Results:The extracts of the mamuscada seed, coconut oil, cashew bark, sucupira seed, white nettle root and ginger, were ineffective against Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus mitis, on the other hand, pomegranate extract showed efficacy for Streptococcus mutans and the hume stone showed efficacy for Streptococcus mitis. Conclusions:Cashew bark, pomegranate, ginger and hume stone extracts were effective antibacterials against Streptococcus mutans when compared to Periogard®, considered the gold standard in studies on antibacterial agents in dentistry (AU).

Introducción: El uso de hierbas medicinales para la prevención y el tratamiento de apoyo de patologías localizadas en los diversos órganos y tejidos se caracteriza como una práctica generalizada en Brasil. Objetivo:analizar, a partir de la elaboración de antibiogramas de las especies Streptococcus mutans y Streptococcus mitis, la actividad antimicrobiana de las especies fitoterapéuticas en los trastornos orales.Materiales:Elexperimento in vitro se realizó en el Laboratorio de Microbiología del Centro de Biociencias de la Universidad Federal de Rio Grande do Norte, y la preparación se realizó por decocción en un período de 10 minutos y para cada especie de bacteria, se utilizaron dos placas. Placa de Petri con medio de cultivo Agar Muller Hinton. Resultados:los extractos de semilla de mamuscada, aceite de coco, corteza de anacardo, semilla de sucupira, raíz de ortiga blanca y jengibre, no fueron efectivos contra Streptococcus mutans y Streptococcus mitis, por otrolado, el extracto de granada mostró eficacia para Streptococcus mutans y el cálculo de húmero mostraron eficacia para Streptococcus mitis.Métodos:Para la decocción, se utilizó una cantidad de 10 gramos y se esperaba que las preparaciones alcanzaran la temperatura ambiente (37º), se evaluó la actividad antimicrobiana contra dos cepas de bacterias, utilizando una técnica de observación de laboratorio. Para cada especie de bacteria, se utilizaron dos placas de Petri con medio de cultivo Agar Muller Hinton, donde la inoculación se realizó por medio de hisopos, y en la cual se hicieron cinco pozos de aproximadamente 6 mm de diámetro.Conclusiones:los extractos de corteza de anacardo, granada, jengibre y cálculos de húmero fueron antibacterianos efectivos contra Streptococcus mutans en comparación con Periogard®, considerado el estándar de oro en estudios sobre agentes antibacterianos en odontología (AU).

Improvement of bone repair in diabetic rats subjected to ƛ780 nm low-level laser therapy.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy on bone healing in diabetic rats. METHODS: Bone cavities (19 mm diameter) were performed in the femur of 72 alloxan-induced diabetic rats, which were assigned into four groups: CTR (non-diabetic control), DBT (diabetic) CTRL (non-diabetic irradiated) and DBTL (diabetic irradiated). Low-level laser therapy was performed every 48 h for seven days. Animals were euthanized at seven, 18 and 30 days. Alkaline phosphatase serum levels and bone repair were analyzed. RESULTS: Low-level laser therapy significantly increased alkaline phosphatase in at seven and 18 days (p<0.001), and improved bone healing at seven (p<0.01), 18 (p<0.05) and 30 (p<0.01) in diabetic animals. In addition, bone healing in irradiated diabetic group was statistically similar to control group at 30 days (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Low-level laser therapy increased the serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and improved bone healing in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Improvement of bone repair in diabetic rats subjected to ƛ780 nm low-level laser therapy

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy on bone healing in diabetic rats.METHODS: Bone cavities (19 mm diameter) were performed in the femur of 72 alloxan-induced diabetic rats, which were assigned into four groups: CTR (non-diabetic control), DBT (diabetic) CTRL (non-diabetic irradiated) and DBTL (diabetic irradiated). Low-level laser therapy was performed every 48h for seven days. Animals were euthanized at seven, 18 and 30 days. Alkaline phosphatase serum levels and bone repair were analyzed.RESULTS: Low-level laser therapy significantly increased alkaline phosphatase in at seven and 18 days (p<0.001), and improved bone healing at seven (p<0.01), 18 (p<0.05) and 30 (p<0.01) in diabetic animals. In addition, bone healing in irradiated diabetic group was statistically similar to control group at 30 days (p>0.05).CONCLUSION:Low-level laser therapy increased the serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and improved bone healing in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.