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Curr Med Chem ; 23(30): 3450-3480, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27281129

RESUMO

An increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration plays a key role in the establishment of many cancer hallmarks, including aberrant proliferation, migration, invasion, resistance to apoptosis and angiogenesis. The dysregulation of Ca2+ entry is one of the most subtle mechanisms by which cancer cells overwhelm their normal counterparts and gain the adaptive advantages that result in tumour growth, vascularisation and dissemination throughout the organism. Both constitutive and agonist-induced Ca2+ influx may be mediated by store-dependent as well as store-independent Ca2+ entry routes. A growing body of evidences have shown that different isoforms of Stromal Interaction Molecules (Stim1) and Orai proteins, i.e. Stim1, Stim2, Orai1 and Orai3, underlie both pathways in cancer cells. The alteration in either the expression or the activity of Stim and Orai proteins has been linked to the onset and maintenance of tumour phenotype in many solid malignancies, including prostate, breast, kidney, esophageal, skin, brain, colorectal, lung and liver cancers. Herein, we survey the existing data in support of Stim and Orai involvement in tumourigenesis and provide the rationale to target them in cancer patients. Besides, we summarize the most recent advances in the identification of novel pharmacological tools that could be successfully used in clinical therapy.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Proteína ORAI1/metabolismo , Molécula 1 de Interação Estromal/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio/química , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio/farmacologia , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio/uso terapêutico , Sinalização do Cálcio/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Proteínas de Neoplasias/antagonistas & inibidores , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neoplasias/patologia , Proteína ORAI1/antagonistas & inibidores , Molécula 1 de Interação Estromal/antagonistas & inibidores
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