Cost-effectiveness of transdiagnostic group cognitive behavioural therapy versus group relaxation therapy for emotional disorders in primary care (PsicAP-Costs2): Protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Several randomised controlled trials (RCT) have demonstrated the superiority of transdiagnostic group cognitive-behavioural therapy (TD-CBT) to treatment as usual (TAU) for emotional disorders in primary care. To date, however, no RCTs have been conducted to compare TD-CBT to another active intervention in this setting. Our aim is to conduct a single-blind RCT to compare group TD-CBT plus TAU to progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) plus TAU in adults (age 18 to 65 years) with a suspected emotional disorder. We expect that TD-CBT + TAU will be more cost-effective than TAU + PMR, and that these gains will be maintained at the 12-month follow-up. Seven therapy sessions (1.5 hours each) will be offered over a 24-week period. The study will be carried out at four primary care centres in Cantabria, Spain. The study will take a societal perspective. Psychological assessments will be made at three time points: baseline, post-treatment, and at 12-months. The following variables will be evaluated: clinical symptoms (anxiety, depression, and/or somatic); functioning; quality of life (QoL); cognitive-emotional factors (rumination, worry, attentional and interpretative biases, emotion regulation and meta-cognitive beliefs); and satisfaction with treatment. Data on health service use, medications, and sick days will be obtained from electronic medical records. Primary outcome measures will include: incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) and incremental cost-utility ratios (ICURs). Secondary outcome measures will include: clinical symptoms, QoL, functioning, and treatment satisfaction. Bootstrap sampling will be used to assess uncertainty of the results. Secondary moderation and mediation analyses will be conducted. Two questionnaires will be administered at sessions 1, 4, and 7 to assess therapeutic alliance and group satisfaction. If this trial is successful, widespread application of this cost-effective treatment could greatly improve access to psychological treatment for emotional disorders in the context of increasing demand for mental healthcare in primary care. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: Cost-effectiveness of a Transdiagnostic Psychological Treatment for Emotional Disorders in Primary Care (PsicAP). NCT05314920.

Cambios psicológicos e intervenciones basadas en mindfulness para los supervivientes de un cáncer / No disponible

La población de supervivientes de cáncer va en aumento gracias a los avances de la medicina. Lograr solo años de supervivencia no es ya suficiente y el interés está en mejorar la calidad de vida en todas sus dimensiones incluidas las psicológicas y espirituales. Surgen nuevas necesidades psicosociales a atender para esta población. En general los trastornos mentales graves, tales como depresión mayor o Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático son raros entre los supervivientes siendo más frecuentes los trastornos adaptativos menos graves como los depresivos, ansiosos o mixtos. Pero junto a estos cambios negativos para la calidad de vida, también se han descrito cambios psicológicos positivos englobados en el concepto de crecimiento postraumático. Las afinidades entre las descripciones de los cambios de las personas que experimentan crecimiento postraumático y la actitud que promueve Mindfulness nos hace plantear que el entrenamiento en Mindfulness o Atención Plena podría promover crecimiento postraumático en los supervivientes de cáncer (AU)

The population of cancer survivors is increasing due to advances in medicine. Achieving an increase in survival is not enough and the focus is on improving the quality of life in all its dimensions, including psychological and spiritual. New psychosocial needs arise in this population. In general, major mental disorders such as major depression or PTSD are rare among survivors, while less severe adjustment disorders such as depression, anxiety or mixed are relatively common. But not only negative changes in quality of life have been described, there are also several positive psychological changes included in the concept of posttraumatic growth. The similarities between descriptions of change in people experiencing posttraumatic growth and the attitude that Mindfulness promotes suggest that Mindfulness training may promote posttraumatic growth in cancer survivors (AU)