Hainanxylogranolides A-F: New Limonoids isolated from the seeds of Hainan mangrove plant Xylocarpus granatum.

Six new limonoids, named hainanxylogranolides A-F (1-6), together with nineteen known ones (7-25) were isolated from the seeds of a Hainan mangrove Xylocarpus granatum. The structures of the new compounds were established by extensive NMR spectroscopic data combined with the DFT and TDDFT calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. Hainanxylogranolide A (1) is the aromatic B-ring limonoid containing a central pyridine ring and a C-17 substituted γ(21)-hydroxybutenolide moiety. Hainanxylogranolide B (2) belongs to the small group of mexicanolides containing a C3-O-C8 bridge, whereas hainanxylogranolides C and D (3 and 4) are mexicanolides comprising a C1-O-C8 bridge. Compounds 9 and 25 posed obvious inhibition effect on the tube formation of HUVECs. There are only about 25% tube-like structures were observed at the concentration of 40.0 µM of compound 25. The antiviral activities of the isolates against herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) were tested in vitro. Compound 23 exhibited moderate anti-SFTSV activity with the IC50 value of 29.58 ± 0.73 µM. This is the first report of anti-angiogenic effect and anti-SFTSV activity of limonoids from the genus Xylocarpus.

Two new phthalide derivatives from the endophytic fungus Penicillium vulpinum isolated from Sophora tonkinensis.

Two new phthalide derivatives, (-)-3-carboxypropyl-7-hydroxyphthalide (1) and (-)-3-carboxypropyl-7-hydroxyphthalide methyl ester (2), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Penicillium vulpinum isolated from the Chinese medicinal plant Sophora tonkinensis. Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods, mainly on 1D and 2D NMR. Compound 1 exhibited medium antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Shigella dysenteriae and Enterobacter areogenes with MIC values of 12.5-25 µg/mL, and 2 showed a medium inhibition to E. areogenes with MIC value of 12.5 µg/mL.

Eremophilane sesquiterpenes from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. GDG-102.

A new eremophilane sesquiterpene, xylareremophil (1), together with five known eremophilanes, 1α,10α-epoxy-3α-hydroxyeremophil-7(11)-en-12,8ß-olide (2), 1,10α,13-trihydroxyeremophil-7(11)-en-12,8-olide (3), 1α,10α-epoxy-13-hydroxyeremophil-7(11)-en-12,8ß-olide (4), mairetolides B (5) and G (6) were isolated from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. GDG-102 cultured from Sophora tonkinensis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis. The absolute configurations of 1 was determined by comparing computed electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and optical rotation (OR) with experimental results. Compounds 1, 5 and 6 showed antibacterial activities against Proteus vulgaris, Micrococcus luteus, Micrococcus lysodeikticus and Bacillus subtilis with MIC values of 25-100 µg/mL.

Effect of chitosan film incorporated with tea polyphenol on quality and shelf life of pork meat patties.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of chitosan (CH) film incorporated with tea polyphenol (TP) on quality and shelf life of pork meat patties stored at 4±1 °C for 12 days. The microbiological, physicochemical (pH, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) values, and metmyoglobin (MetMb)), and sensory qualities were measured on all the samples. A microbiological shelf-life extension of 6 days was achieved for CH and CH-TP treatment groups when compared to the control group. Wrapping with CH-TP composite film tended to retard the increases in TBARS values and MetMb content. CH-TP composite film maintained acceptable sensory quality of pork meat patties throughout the storage. The results indicated that CH-TP composite film could be a promising material as a packaging film for extending the shelf life of pork meat patties.