Wild plants used by the Lhoba people in Douyu Village, characterized by high mountains and valleys, in southeastern Tibet, China.

BACKGROUND: Douyu Village, inhabited by the Lhoba people, is situated within the Eastern Himalayas, in southeastern Tibet, China. The village is located among high mountains and valleys, which feature complex terrain with cold and dry climates and distinctive vegetation types and species. The Lhoba people in this village are isolated from other groups in China. The Lhoba people have lived in this village since the 15th century and mainly depended on gathering, hunting, and swidden agriculture before the 1960s. Because they have a long history and live under extreme climatic, geographical, and ecological conditions, the Lhoba people in Douyu Village may have unique traditional knowledge about wild plants. Thus, this research aims to record the traditional botanical knowledge of the Lhoba people in Douyu. METHODS: An ethnobotanical study was conducted on the Lhoba people in Douyu Village in Longzi County, Tibet, China. Semi-structured interviews and group discussions with informed consent were used in the study. We interviewed 41 informants (14 key informants) between 18 and 75 years of age. All information was collected, organized, and compiled into "use reports" for quantitative analysis. The informant consensus factor (ICF) was used to determine the homogeneity of the informants' knowledge of medicinal plants, while the cultural importance index (CI) was used to estimate the cultural importance of shared species. RESULTS: A total of 91 wild species (90 vascular plants and 1 fungus) belonging to 71 genera and 39 families utilized by the Lhoba people in Douyu were documented. Of these species, Pimpinella xizangense and Wikstroemia lungtzeensis are endemic to Longzi County, while Sinopodophyllum hexandrum and Paeonia ludlowii are endangered species in China. All habitats, from the field vegetation at the valley bottoms to the alpine shrubland and meadows, were used for plant collection, and the numbers of species of plants collected from the various vegetation types (except for fields) decreased with increasing altitude. Our study found that 55 species are edible plants and fungi, 29 species are medicinal plants, and 38 species are used for other purposes. Medicinal plants are used for 11 categories of diseases, among which diseases of blood-forming organs (ICF = 0.96) and gastrointestinal diseases (ICF = 0.95) exhibited the highest ICF values. Based on the CI values, the most important plants in this study area are Berberis xanthophloea, B. kongboensis, Sinopodophyllum hexandrum, Vicatia thibetica, and Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. gyantsensis. Moreover, a comparison of the wild plants used by Lhoba ethnic groups in three counties in China showed significant differences among these regions. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that the wild plants utilized by the Lhoba people in Douyu Village are highly diverse, at 90 plant and one fungal species, which reflects not only the number of species but also their diversified functions. The extreme climatic, geographical, and ecological conditions of Douyu within the high mountains and valleys of the Eastern Himalayas potentially affect the Lhoba people's culture, including plant utilization practices, and contribute to the rich diversity of the wild plants used by the local people.

[Cloning and expression analysis of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase genes from Siraitia grosvenorii].

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase(HMGR) is the first rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonic acid(MVA)pathway and it is an important regulatory site in the metabolism of terpenoids in the cytoplasm. In this study, Siraitia grosvenorii that had been pollinated 0 day,1 day,3 days,15 days and 30 days were used as experimental materials. Based on the transcriptome data, two HMGR genes were cloned from S. grosvenorii cDNA and named SgHMGR2(GenBank Accession Numbers MT270447) and SgHMGR3(GenBank Accession Number MT270448). The two genes contain open reading frames(ORFs) of 1 746 bp and 1 782 bp, encoding 582 and 594 amino acids, and their molecular masses are estimated to be 62.7,63.2 kDa, respectively. Isoelectric point are 8.34 and 7.47, both of which do not contain signal peptides, are non-secretory proteins, and have two transmembrane structures. Combining the conserved regions of the proteins and the analysis of the evolutionary tree, it was confirmed that the genes are indeed HMGR family genes. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression pattern of SgHMGRs at different times after pollination, and the highest expression level was 15 days after pollination. Finally, two full-length SgHMGRs were cloned from S. grosvenorii for the first time, and the differential expression of SgHMGRs at different times after pollination was revealed, providing a research basis for the mining of key enzyme gene elements in the biosynthesis pathway of S. grosvenorii terpenoids.

[Effect of auricular-point pressure combined with personalized music therapy on perioperative stress response in primipara].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of auricula-point pressure combined with personalized music therapy on perioperative stress response in primipara. METHODS: A total of 1000 primiparas who were elective for cesarean section were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 500 cases in each one. 1 h before surgery and 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after surgery, individualized music relaxation intervention was given for 1 h in the two groups. On the basis of the treatment, auricular-point pressure was added at Pizhixia (AT4), Shenmen (TF4), Xin (CO15), Zigong (uterus), Luanchao (ovary), Neishengzhiqi (TF2) in the observation group. Each point was pressed for 1 min each time, repeated once every 15 min, the force is from light to heavy, and it is better to have a feeling of distension, sourness and radiation in the auricle. The scores of anxiety self-rating scale, visual analog scale (VAS), heart rate, systolic blood pressure, thyroid stimulating hormone, cortisol and blood glucose levels were observed in the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 973 primiparas completed the clinical study in the end, including 488 patients in the observation group and 485 patients in the control group. Compared to enrollment, the scores of anxiety self-rating scale before entering the operating room in the two groups were significantly improved (P<0.05), and the observation group was superior to the control group (P<0.05). Entering the operating room and tracheal extubation, the heart rate and systolic blood pressure of the primiparas in the observation group were more stable than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Entering the operating room, 1 h into the surgery and 3 h after surgery, the thyroid stimulating hormone, cortisol and blood glucose levels of the primiparas in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group (P<0.05). The VAS scores in the observation group at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after surgery were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Auricular-point pressure combined with personalized music therapy can reduce the perioperative stress response in primipara and promote the improvement of psychological, physiological and emotional.

[Effect of auricular acupuncture on postpartum rehabilitation of primipara with cesarean].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the postoperative effect of auricular acupuncture on primipara with cesarean in order to promote postpartum rehabilitation. METHODS: A total of 120 primiparas with cesarean were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 60 cases in each group. The routine treatment and care after surgery were given in the two groups. On the basis treatment, auricular acupuncture was applied at penqiang (TF5), shenmen (TF4), jiaogan (AH6a), pizhixia (AT4), neishengzhiqi(TF2), pi(CO13), wei(CO4) in the observation group, even-needling technique at all points. The needles were retained for 30 min, 3 times a day, the acupuncture was alternately every other day for 5 days continuously. The postpartum pain, anus exhaust time, incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, urinary retention and constipation, and postpartum average hospitalization day were recorded and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Twenty-seven cases of postpartum uterine contraction pain (45.0%), 25 cases of wound pain (41.7%), 19 cases of breast distending pain (31.7%) and 11 cases of muscle soreness (18.3%) in the observation group, which was significantly lower than 38 cases (63.3%), 36 cases (60.0%), 30 cases (50.0%) and 21 cases (35.0%) respectively in the control group (P<0.05). The anus exhaust time in the observation group was earlier than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the average hospitalization time was shorter than that in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, urinary retention and constipation in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Auricular acupuncture can effectively relieve postpartum pain in primipara with cesarean, promote postpartum exhaust and shorten hospitalization days, and reduce the incidence of postpartum complications such as postpartum hemorrhage, urinary retention and constipation, it is conducive to postpartum rehabilitation.

[Effect of auricular point pressing combined with electroacupuncture on postoperative pain and inflammatory cytokines in children with hernia].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical efficacy and action mechanism of auricular point pressing combined with electroacupuncture (EA) on postoperative pain in children with hernia. METHODS: A total of 93 children with inguinal hernia were randomly divided into an auricular point group, an EA group and a combination group, 31 cases in each group. All the three groups were treated with routine postoperative treatment and nursing, and analgesic and sedative drugs were used when necessary. After awaking, the children in the auricular point group were treated with auricular point pressing at Shenmen (TF4), Jiaogan (AH6a) and Pizhixia (AT4); the seeds of cowherb were placed at the auricular points and the same nurse used index finger and thumbs to press the points for 2 min, and repeated after 30 min. The pressing time was 8-11 AM and 14-17 PM for 3 days. The children in the EA group were treated with EA at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Zusanli (ST 36); the needles were perpendicularly inserted with mild reinforcing-reducing method; EA instrument was connected with needles and the current intensity was under the maximal tolerance of children; the needles were retained for 20 min, three times a day for continuous 3 days. The children in the combination group were treated with auricular point pressing and EA for 3 days. The Wong-Baker facial expression evaluation method was used to observe the pain scores 1-3 h, 4-24 h, 25-48 h and 49-72 h after operation; the contents of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 were compared 1 day, 2 days and 3 days after operation; the number of cases using sedative drugs and average hospitalization days were compared among the three groups. RESULTS: ①Among the children aged 8-15 years old, the pain scores 4-24 h and 25-48 h after operation in the combination group were lower than those in the auricular point group and the EA group (all P<0.05); among the children aged 4-7 years old, differences of the pain scores in each time after operation were not significant statistically among the three groups (all P>0.05). ②The contents of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in serum 1 day, 2 days and 3 days after operation in the combination group were lower than those in the auricular point group and the EA group (all P<0.05). ③The number of cases using analgesic and sedative drugs after operation in the combination group was fewer than that in the auricular point group and the EA group (all P<0.05). ④The average hospitalization days in the combination group were shorter than those in the auricular point group and the EA group (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Compared with auricular point pressing or EA alone, the combination of auricular point pressing and EA could not only effectively relieve the postoperative pain, but also reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines in children with hernia, improving the clinical efficacy.

Effect of auricular point pressing combined with electroacupuncture on postoperative pain and inflammatory cytokines in children with hernia / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical efficacy and action mechanism of auricular point pressing combined with electroacupuncture (EA) on postoperative pain in children with hernia.@*METHODS@#A total of 93 children with inguinal hernia were randomly divided into an auricular point group, an EA group and a combination group, 31 cases in each group. All the three groups were treated with routine postoperative treatment and nursing, and analgesic and sedative drugs were used when necessary. After awaking, the children in the auricular point group were treated with auricular point pressing at Shenmen (TF), Jiaogan (AH) and Pizhixia (AT); the seeds of cowherb were placed at the auricular points and the same nurse used index finger and thumbs to press the points for 2 min, and repeated after 30 min. The pressing time was 8-11 AM and 14-17 PM for 3 days. The children in the EA group were treated with EA at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Zusanli (ST 36); the needles were perpendicularly inserted with mild reinforcing-reducing method; EA instrument was connected with needles and the current intensity was under the maximal tolerance of children; the needles were retained for 20 min, three times a day for continuous 3 days. The children in the combination group were treated with auricular point pressing and EA for 3 days. The Wong-Baker facial expression evaluation method was used to observe the pain scores 1-3 h, 4-24 h, 25-48 h and 49-72 h after operation; the contents of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 were compared 1 day, 2 days and 3 days after operation; the number of cases using sedative drugs and average hospitalization days were compared among the three groups.@*RESULTS@#①Among the children aged 8-15 years old, the pain scores 4-24 h and 25-48 h after operation in the combination group were lower than those in the auricular point group and the EA group (all 0.05). ②The contents of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in serum 1 day, 2 days and 3 days after operation in the combination group were lower than those in the auricular point group and the EA group (all <0.05). ③The number of cases using analgesic and sedative drugs after operation in the combination group was fewer than that in the auricular point group and the EA group (all <0.05). ④The average hospitalization days in the combination group were shorter than those in the auricular point group and the EA group (all <0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with auricular point pressing or EA alone, the combination of auricular point pressing and EA could not only effectively relieve the postoperative pain, but also reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines in children with hernia, improving the clinical efficacy.

Effect of auricular-point pressure combined with personalized music therapy on perioperative stress response in primipara / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of auricula-point pressure combined with personalized music therapy on perioperative stress response in primipara.@*METHODS@#A total of 1000 primiparas who were elective for cesarean section were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 500 cases in each one. 1 h before surgery and 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after surgery, individualized music relaxation intervention was given for 1 h in the two groups. On the basis of the treatment, auricular-point pressure was added at Pizhixia (AT), Shenmen (TF), Xin (CO), Zigong (uterus), Luanchao (ovary), Neishengzhiqi (TF) in the observation group. Each point was pressed for 1 min each time, repeated once every 15 min, the force is from light to heavy, and it is better to have a feeling of distension, sourness and radiation in the auricle. The scores of anxiety self-rating scale, visual analog scale (VAS), heart rate, systolic blood pressure, thyroid stimulating hormone, cortisol and blood glucose levels were observed in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#A total of 973 primiparas completed the clinical study in the end, including 488 patients in the observation group and 485 patients in the control group. Compared to enrollment, the scores of anxiety self-rating scale before entering the operating room in the two groups were significantly improved (<0.05), and the observation group was superior to the control group (<0.05). Entering the operating room and tracheal extubation, the heart rate and systolic blood pressure of the primiparas in the observation group were more stable than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (<0.05). Entering the operating room, 1 h into the surgery and 3 h after surgery, the thyroid stimulating hormone, cortisol and blood glucose levels of the primiparas in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group (<0.05). The VAS scores in the observation group at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after surgery were lower than those in the control group (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Auricular-point pressure combined with personalized music therapy can reduce the perioperative stress response in primipara and promote the improvement of psychological, physiological and emotional.

Effect of auricular acupuncture on postpartum rehabilitation of primipara with cesarean / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the postoperative effect of auricular acupuncture on primipara with cesarean in order to promote postpartum rehabilitation.@*METHODS@#A total of 120 primiparas with cesarean were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 60 cases in each group. The routine treatment and care after surgery were given in the two groups. On the basis treatment, auricular acupuncture was applied at penqiang (TF), shenmen (TF), jiaogan (AH), pizhixia (AT), neishengzhiqi(TF), pi(CO), wei(CO) in the observation group, even-needling technique at all points. The needles were retained for 30 min, 3 times a day, the acupuncture was alternately every other day for 5 days continuously. The postpartum pain, anus exhaust time, incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, urinary retention and constipation, and postpartum average hospitalization day were recorded and compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Twenty-seven cases of postpartum uterine contraction pain (45.0%), 25 cases of wound pain (41.7%), 19 cases of breast distending pain (31.7%) and 11 cases of muscle soreness (18.3%) in the observation group, which was significantly lower than 38 cases (63.3%), 36 cases (60.0%), 30 cases (50.0%) and 21 cases (35.0%) respectively in the control group (<0.05). The anus exhaust time in the observation group was earlier than that in the control group (<0.05), and the average hospitalization time was shorter than that in the control group (<0.05). The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, urinary retention and constipation in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Auricular acupuncture can effectively relieve postpartum pain in primipara with cesarean, promote postpartum exhaust and shorten hospitalization days, and reduce the incidence of postpartum complications such as postpartum hemorrhage, urinary retention and constipation, it is conducive to postpartum rehabilitation.

Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates testicular senescence changes in D­gal­induced aging mice via anti­inflammatory and antioxidative mechanisms.

With the growing population, aging, extended lifespans and anti-aging have become popular areas of research in the life and social sciences. With increasing age, the structure and function of the testes, the spermatogenetic and androgen­producing organ in the male reproductive system, gradually declines. Ginsenoside Rg1 is an extract of Panax ginseng in traditional Chinese medicine. The extract facilitates anti­aging through its anti­inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, it has not been reported whether ginsenoside Rg1 delays testicular aging. The present study established D­galactose (D­gal)­induced aging mouse models to examine the protective effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on the structure and function of the testes, and the underlying mechanism. A total of 60 healthy specific pathogen­free male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: Control group; Rg1 group; D­gal + Rg1 group; and D­gal group. The tissues of the mice were used for further experiments. The present study further investigated the effects of Rg1 on the volume of serum testosterone, the testicular index, testicular microscopic structures, the senescence of spermatogenetic cells, the apoptosis of spermatogenetic cells, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, the levels of inflammatory cytokines, and the levels of S­phase kinase­associated protein (p19), cyclin­dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21) and cellular tumor antigen p53 (p53) in D­gal­induced aging mice. In general, compared with the D­gal group, the treatment of Rg1 increased the testis index, serum testosterone level and the active content of superoxide dismutase and the total antioxidant capacity. The percentage of senescence­associated ß­galactosidase­positive cells, the level of apoptosis and the volume of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde, tumor necrosis factor­α, interleukin (IL)­1ß and IL­6 in testicular tissues were significantly decreased, and the expression of p19, p53 and p21 was downregulated due to the treatment with Rg1. The results of the present study demonstrated that ginsenoside Rg1 was able to protect the testes against D­gal­induced aging in mice. In addition, the protective effect of Rg1 may be achieved via antioxidation and downregulation of the p19/p53/p21 signaling pathway.

Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Phosphorus Metabolism in Hemodialysis Patients: A Preliminary Exploration / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#Hyperphosphatemia is a risk factor associated with mortality in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Gut absorption of phosphate is the major source. Recent studies indicated that the intestinal flora of uremic patients changed a lot compared with the healthy population, and phosphorus is an essential element of bacterial survival and reproduction. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of intestinal microbiota in phosphorus metabolism.@*Methods@#A prospective self-control study was performed from October 2015 to January 2016. Microbial DNA was isolated from the stools of 20 healthy controls and 21 maintenance hemodialysis patients. Fourteen out of the 21 patients were treated with lanthanum carbonate for 12 weeks. Thus, stools were also collected before and after the treatment. The bacterial composition was analyzed based on 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing. Bioinformatics tools, including sequence alignment, abundance profiling, and taxonomic diversity, were used in microbiome data analyses. Correlations between genera and the serum phosphorus were detected with Pearson's correlation. For visualization of the internal interactions and further measurement of the microbial community, SparCC was used to calculate the Spearman correlation coefficient with the corresponding P value between each two genera.@*Results@#Thirteen genera closely correlated with serum phosphorus and the correlation coefficient was above 0.4 (P < 0.05). We also found that 58 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were significantly different and more decreased OTUs were identified and seven genera (P < 0.05) were obviously reduced after using the phosphate binder. Meanwhile, the microbial richness and diversity presented downward trend in hemodialysis patients compared with healthy controls and more downward trend after phosphorus reduction. The co-occurrence network of genera revealed that the network complexity of hemodialysis patients was significantly higher than that of controls, whereas treatment with lanthanum carbonate reduced the network complexity.@*Conclusions@#Gut flora related to phosphorus metabolism in hemodialysis patients, and improving intestinal microbiota may regulate the absorption of phosphate in the intestine. The use of phosphate binder lanthanum carbonate leads to a tendency of decreasing microbial diversity and lower network complexity.

Effects of acupressure in free position combined with modest protection of perineum on delivery outcomes / 中华护理杂志

Objective To study the effects of acupressure in free position combined with modest protection of perineum on delivery outcomes.Methods A total of 250 puerperae with natural childbirth from June 2014 to June 2016 in a maternity and child care hospital in Hainan Province were recruited and divided into the experimental group(125 cases) and the control group(125 cases) using random number table.Two groups gave birth through free position combined with modest protection of perineum.On this basis,the experimental group received acupressure.Cesarean section rate,episiotomy rate,forceps delivery rate,perineal laceration degree,perineal pain degree,postpartum hemorrhage rate and neonatal asphyxia rate,weight,and Apgar score of the two groups were compared.Results Eventually a total of 231 puerperae completed clinical research,with 117 cases in the experimental group and 114 cases in the control group.For the experimental group,cesarean section rate and episiotomy rate were lower,perineal laceration degree and perineal pain degree were reduced,postpartum hemorrhage was less and neonatal Apgar score was improved compared with those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion The acupressure in free position combined with modest protection of perineum can lower cesarean section rate and maternal episiotomy rate,reduce perineal laceration,relieve perineal pain,prevent postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal asphyxia.It can effectively improve maternal and neonatal delivery outcomes.

Intravenous Injections of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Modulated the Redox State in a Rat Model of Radiation Myelopathy.

The main aim of the present study was to assess the antioxidative effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (UC-MSCs) in a rat model of radiation myelopathy. UC-MSCs were isolated from Wharton's jelly (WJ) of umbilical cords. An irradiated cervical spinal cord rat model (C2-T2 segment) was generated using a (60)Co irradiator to deliver 30 Gy of radiation. UC-MSCs were injected through the tail vein at 90 days, 97 days, 104 days, and 111 days after-irradiation. Histological damage was examined by cresyl violet/Nissl staining. The activities of two antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in the spinal cord were measured by the biomedical assay. In addition, the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) in the spinal cord were determined by ELISA methods. Multiple injections of UC-MSCs through the tail vein ameliorated neuronal damage in the spinal cord, increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes CAT and GPX, and increased the levels of VEGF and Ang-2 in the spinal cord. Our results suggest that multiple injections of UC-MSCs via the tail vein in the rat model of radiation myelopathy could significantly improve the antioxidative microenvironment in vivo.

Diallyl disulfide inhibits growth and metastatic potential of human triple-negative breast cancer cells through inactivation of the ß-catenin signaling pathway.

SCOPE: Although diallyl disulfide (DADS), an important garlic (Allium sativum) derivative, has exhibited potential anticancer activity, the molecular mechanism of this activity remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the antitumor activity of DADS in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines based in vitro and in vivo models. METHODS AND RESULTS: We found that treatment with DADS resulted in decreased viability, increased apoptosis, and suppression of metastatic potential in TNBC cells. Furthermore, DADS induced dysregulation of B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 family members, downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and reversal of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Interestingly, DADS significantly inhibited activation of the ß-catenin signaling pathway, which regulated Bcl-2 family members, MMP-9 and EMT in TNBC cells. Consistent with these in vitro findings, we also verified the anticancer potential of DADS in MDA-MB-231 xenograft mice. Treatment with DADS significantly reduced tumor volume and weight and increased apoptosis in these mice, while the expression of active ß-catenin was decreased, and the downstream molecules were dysregulated. CONCLUSION: Our results show that the antitumor effect of DADS on TNBC cells is mediated by the ß-catenin pathway, suggesting that DADS could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for treating or preventing breast cancer.

Dendrobium officinale cliff epiphytic cultivation method / 中国中药杂志

To solve the issues of costly planting of facility cultivation method and inferior efficacy than wild herbs of Dendrobium officinale, the cliff epiphytic cultivation method was studied. To research the growth, agronomic traits, yield, polysaccharide and alcohol-soluble extract contents were measured on the D. officinale from different water regulation and cliff slope gradients treatments. The results showed that D. officinale epiphytic at 85 degrees-90 degrees cliff and sprayed water 1-2 h x d(-1) at the growing season can get better growth and obtain high yield, and the morphology has no different from wild cliff D. officinale, even in the environments without shade. The contents of polysaccharide and alcohol-soluble extract are closely related to the physiological ages, but significantly higher than the facility cultivation. It is possible that environmental stresses benefit the accumulation of polysaccharides, alcohol-soluble extract and other efficient ingredients.

Comparison of different harvest ways of Dendrobium officinale / 中国中药杂志

To standardize the harvest ways of Dendrobium officinale and improve the quality and yield of D. officinale, a field experiment was carried out to study the effect of two kinds of harvest ways, which were keeping some of the axial shoot and harvesting all of the shoot by the end of the year. Then, the agronomic traits and yield were measured and the contents of polysaccharides and extractum were determined. The results showed that the harvest ways significantly affected the growth of D. officinale. Keeping some of the axial shoot could significantly improved the number of sprout, stem length, internode number and the internodal length, which also triggered increase the weight of fresh stems, leaves and the total of them and dry stems in per unit area, but it could not promote the stem diameter and the polysaccharide content in stems. Keeping some of the axial shoot moderately was conducive to the improvement of the production of medicinal materials in the process of harvesting by promoting the germination and growth of new buds, and to ensure the polysaccharide content by regulating the illumination and the density of cultivation.

[Studies on chemical constituents of the extract of Lonicera japonica].

OBJECTIVE: To isolate and elucidate the structure of the constituents of the extract of Lonicera japonica. METHODS: The compounds were isolated and repeatedly purified on TLC, silica gel column chromatography, and gel column chromatography. The structures were elucidated by physico-chemical properties, MS and NMR. RESULTS: Seven compounds were obtained and elucidated as luteolin (I), luteoloside (II), quercetin (III), quercetin-3-0-beta-D-glucoside (IV), quercetin-7-0-beta-D-glucoside (V), rutin (VI), chlorogenic acid (VII). CONCLUSION: Compound V is isolated from this genus for the first time.

Effects of storage time on magnolol and honokiol contents in bark of Magnolia officinalis / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To reveal the relationship between the storage time of the bark of Magnolia officinalis and the content of phenols in it, and lay a theoretical foundation for the harvest, processing, management and storage.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The contents of magnolol and honokoiol in 15 bark samples, collected from the main producing areas in China, were determined in the time of freshly harvest and 3 and 10 years after respectively by HPLC method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>It showed that within a certain period of time, bark storage was favorable to conversion and accumulation of phenols, that the content of magnolol tended to increase from year 0 to year 3, then followed by slight decrease with years on account of volatilization of phenols, but was still higher when the bark was stored for 10 years than that that when the bark was freshly harvested, and the content of honokoiol still tended to increase when the bark had been stored for 10 years.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The phenols in bark of M. officinalis is quite stable and the bark can be stored for 10 years or longer.</p>