Efficacy of Bushen Huoxue Decoction for Patients with Intra Uterine Adhesions After Trans Cervical Resection Adhesions Operation and Effect on Fibrotic Factors / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To discuss the efficacy of Bushen Huoxue decoction for recovery in patients with intra uterine adhesions （IUA） after trans cervical resection adhesions （TCRA） operation， and to investigate its effect on fibrosis factor. Method:The 110 patients were randomly divided into two groups by random number table （55 cases for control group and 55 cases for observation group）. The patients in both groups got TCRA， and after the operation， they got estradiol valerate tablets+progesterone capsules. The patients in control group additionally got Jinfengwan before meals， 10 g/time， 2 times/day. Patients in observation additionally got syndrome differentiation and treatment by Bushen Huoxuetang， 1 dose/day. The treatment course was 3 months in both groups， and 6 months' follow-up was recorded. Before and after treatment， menstrual volume， period and cycle were recorded. During the follow-up， pregnancy， ectopic pregnancy and abortion were also recorded. Endoscopy and vagina color Doppler ultrasound were conducted to detect endometrial thickness， uterine volume， resistance index （RI）， pulsation index （PI） and blood flow index （FI）. Scores of IUA and syndrome of kidney deficiency and blood stasis were graded. At the 6^th months after treatment， rate of intrauterine re-adhesion was recorded. Levels of transforming growth factor-<italic>β</italic>₁（TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁）， connective tissue growth factor （CTGF）， matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor-1 （TIMP-1）， platelet-derived growth factor （PDGF）， insulin-like growth factor-1 （IGF-1） and matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9） were detected， and safety was evaluated. Result:Total effective rate of clinical efficacy was 96.36% （53/55） in observation group， higher than 83.64% （46/55） in control group （<italic>χ</italic>²=4.959， <italic>P</italic><0.05）. Recovery rate of menstrual volume， period and cycle were 92.73% （51/55）， 90.91% （50/55）， and 94.55% （52/55） in observation group， higher than 72.73% （40/55）， 76.36% （42/55）， and 76.36% （42/55） in control group（<italic>χ</italic>²=7.698，<italic>χ</italic>²=4.245，<italic>χ</italic>²=7.313，<italic>P</italic><0.05， <italic>P</italic><0.01）. During the follow-up， rate of intrauterine re-adhesions was 23.64% （13/55） in observation group， lower than 43.64% （24/55） in control group （<italic>χ</italic>²=4.927，<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Pregnancy rate was 45.45% （25/55）， higher than 25.45% （14/55） in control group（<italic>χ</italic>²=4.807，<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Score of syndrome of kidney deficiency and blood stasis and IUA scores in observation group were lower than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Endometrial thickness， uterine volume， and FI were higher than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Levels of RI， PI， TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁， CTGF， PDGF， IGF-1 and TIMP-1 were lower than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， while level of MMP-9 was higher than that in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. No adverse reactions related to traditional Chinese medicine were found. Conclusion:Bushen Huoxue decoction can promote the recovery of menstruation， increase the thickness of endometrium， improve the blood circulation of uterus， regulate the expression of fibrogenic factors<italic> in vivo</italic>， prevent and treat intrauterine adhesions， reduce the rate of intrauterine re-adhesions， and improve the rate of pregnancy， with a good comprehensive effect and high safety for clinical use.

Simultaneous determination of 8 bioactive isoflavonoids in Astragali Radix by UHPLC equipped with core-shell column / 中国中药杂志

This research aims to develop an UHPLC method, based on core-shell column(i.e. superficially porous particles), for simultaneous determination of eight isoflavonoids including formononetin,(6αR,11αR)-3-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,(3R)-7,2-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyisoflavone, calycosin, ononin,(6αR,11αR)-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and(3R)-7,2-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyisoflavan-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside in Astragali Radix. The analysis was performed on an Agilent Poroshell EC-C_(18 )column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 2.7 μm) with 0.2% formic acid solution(A)-acetonitrile(B) as mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.5 mL·min~(-1), with column temperature of 40 ℃ and the wavelengths were set at 260 and 280 nm. According to the results, all calibration curves showed good linearity(R~2>0.999 8) within the tested concentration ranges. Both the intra-and inter-day precisions for 8 isoflavonoids were less than 0.80%, with the mean recovery at the range of 94.71%-104.6%. Thus, the newly developed UHPLC method using core-shell column owned the advantages in terms of rapid analysis, low column pressure and less solvent consumption, thus enabling the usage of conventional HPLC systems. Meanwhile, quantitative evaluation was carried out for 22 batches of commercial Astragali Radix. It has been found that great variations occurred for the content of the individual isoflavonoids among different batches; in contrast, the total content of total 8 isoflavonoids(>0.1%) was stable in most samples, indicating that it was reasonable to involve all isoflavonoids as the chemical markers for the quality control of Astragali Radix.

Effect of Taiji Quan on Sleep Quality of Patients with Chronic Insomnia Disorder / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the effect of Taiji Quan on the sleep quality of patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID) and its mechanism. Methods:From January, 2015 to December, 2017, 31 patients with CID were enrolled in the sleep disorder clinic. Before and 24 weeks after Taiji Quan exercise, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess their sleep quality, the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, TNF-β, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNF-R)1 and sTNF-R2 were detected with protein chip, and the correlation between the total score of PSQI and the serum levels of TNF-α, TNF-β, sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2 were analyzed after exercise. Results:After Taiji Quan exercise, the scores of PSQI factors (subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, daytime dysfunction) and the total score of PSQI decreased (t > 4.080, P < 0.05). The serum levels of TNF-α and TNF-β decreased (t > 13.580, P < 0.01), however, the serum levels of sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2 significantly increased (t > 160.189, P < 0.001). The serum levels of TNF-α and TNF-β were positively correlated with the total score of PSQI (r > 0.638, P < 0.001), while the serum levels of sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2 were negatively correlated with the total score of PSQI (r > 0.532, P<0.001). Conclusion:Taiji Quan exercise could help to improve the sleep quality of patients with CID. The mechanism may be related to the decrease of the serum levels of TNF-α and TNF-β, and the increase of the serum levels of sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2.

Effect of qingchang huash recipe on NF-kappaB/Tolls pathway in ulcerative colitis patients and mechanism study / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Qingchang Huashi Recipe (QHR) on the activation and expressions of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and contents of interleukin-8 (IL-8), thus exploring its possible mechanisms for treating ulcerative colitis (UC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The HT-29 cells were induced to inflammation model by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). HT-29 cells were divided into 6 groups, i.e., the vehicle control group, the model control group, the sulfasalazine (SASP) group, the high dose QHR group, the middle dose QHR group, the low dose QHR group. Effects on the cell growth were detected by MTT. The chemoattractant of macrophages was observed using Transwell. The expressions of NF-kappaB and TLR4 protein were detected using immune cell fluorescence method. The content of IL-8 was detected by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The growth of cells were not inhibited in each group. Statistical difference existed in each dose QHR group in inhibiting the chemoattractant of macrophages, reducing activation of NF-kappaB, lowing expressions of TLR4 protein, and decreasing the secretion of IL-8, when compared with the model control group (P < 0.05). No statistical difference existed in inhibiting the chemoattractant of macrophages between the high dose QHR group and the vehicle control group (P > 0.05). But its inhibition on NF-kappaB activation was higher in the high dose QHR group than in the SASP group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>QHR could obviously attenuate the inflammatory reaction of HT-29 cells, inhibit the chemoattractant of macrophages, reduce the activation of NF-kappaB, lower expressions of TLR-4, and attenuate the secretion of IL-8, which might be one of its mechanisms for treating UC.</p>

Effects of Prostate Water Pellets on the number of colonies, NO concentration and NOS activity in the prostate tissue of CBP rats / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of Prostate Water Pellets (PWP) on the number of colonies, NO concentration and NOS activity in the prostate tissues of rats with chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 120 healthy adult male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were equally randomized into 6 groups: blank control, model control, positive control, high-dose PWP, medium-dose PWP and low-dose PWP. The CBP rat models were established by injecting colibacilli (10(7)/ml) into the prostate. A month later, the high- , medium- and low-dose PWP groups were treated intragastrically with PWP at 4.4 g/kg, 2.2 g/kg and 1.1 g/kg per day respectively, the positive controls with levofloxacin at 0.018 g/kg per day, and the blank and model controls with normal saline, all for 35 days. Then the numbers of colonies in the prostate tissues were measured, and the changes in NO concentration and NOS activity detected by the nitrite reductase method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the model controls, the number of colonies, NO concentration and NOS activity were significantly reduced in the prostate tissues of the rats of the high- , medium- and low-dose PWP groups (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PWP was proved to be efficacious for CBP in rats, whose mechanism might be related with its inhibitory effect on bacterial growth and decreasing effect on NO concentration and NOS activity in the prostate tissues.</p>

Establishment of hepatocyte extraction combined with HPLC(HE-HPLC) and application in analysis of active components in the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides extract / 中国中药杂志

To screen effective principles from traditional Chinese medicine, a method named hepatocyte extraction combined with HPLC (HE-HPLC) was establish in this study. The active principles in the fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis extract were combined with the hepatocytes under imitated physiological environments. Then the unattached substances were washed off by PBS with pH 7.4. After that the conjugated compounds were eluted by PBS with pH 4.0. These compounds released from target sites were collected and handled through SPE to be condensed, and analyzed by HPLC. The results indicated that two characteristic active compounds in the fruits of G. jasminoides extract binded to the hepatocytes. One of them is geniposide. The other is continued to be identified. It is showed that active principles which could bind to hepotocyte (through receptors, Channels, enzymes, etc.) could be detected, at least partly, by HE-HPLC analysis. There was a significant correlation between the retention properties of the active compounds which was obtained by HE-HPLC and their pharmacological effects on hepotocytes.

Biomass structure analysis of Atractylodes lancea in different ecological environments / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the ecological environments of Atractylodes lancea by biomass structural analysis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Through the scientific investigation in Maoshan, the sampling spots were set up, the relation between growth and ecological environments was researched and the ecological environments of A. lancea were divided as following: the vegetation layer, the shrub layer, the shrub-weed layer and the weed layer. The ramet biomass, height, leaves and coverage of A. lancea were studied.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The several factors (ramet biomass, height, leaves and coverage) showed the regular change. Among maximum, minimum and average, the shrub layer was the biggest, the shrub and weed layer was the second biggest and the vegetation layer and the weed layer was the least.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A. lancea tends to distribute in the shrub layer and the shrub-weed layer.</p>

Studies on furmaric acid and isofraxidin content in Sarcandra glabra of different provenances / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the content variation of furmarid acid and isofraxidin in Sarcandra glabra from 21 different provenances and provide the basis for resource utilization and quality optimization of S. glabra.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>HPLC method was developed to determine the contents of furmarid acid and isofraxidin in 330 samples of S. glabra which were collected respectively from 21 different provenances.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There were significant differences in the contents of isofraxidin and furmarid acid in S. glabra from different provenances. The contents of isofraxidin and furmarid acid dropped off from low altitude to high altitude, which were also close with longitude and latitude. The content of isofraxidin in S. glabra at central area of natural distribution was the highest. The different parts of the plant had different results, the influence on the contents of the acitive components in stem were more obvious than the leaf.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This simple, accurate and reproducible method could be use to determine the contents of furmarid acid and isofraxidin in S. glabra. The results represented the status of medicines quality and difference of Chinese S. glabra. These agreed with the traditional views that the medicines quality of Sarcandra glabra in Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang was better. These provenances were considered as important areas of medicines breeding and bases building on S. glabra in future.</p>

Comparing of different methods on habitat adaptive division of Chinese material medica / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To comparing two kinds habitat adaptive division of Chinese material medica with different models.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The habitat adaptive divisions of A. lancea according essential oil accumulation with two kinds pattern, model pattern and template pattern were carrid and compared.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Two habitat adaptive divisions of A. lancea maps according essential oil accumulation were gotten.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both model pattern and template pattern were efficient on habitat adaptive division of Chinese material medica, but they shoud bu used with different processesd and based different background [corrected]</p>

Study on dynamical changes of Ginkgo biloba resources in Pizhou city of Jiangsu Province base on RS and GIS / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse the dynamical changes of the Ginkgo biloba's resources from 2001 to 2006, in Pizhou city, Jiangshu province by useing spatial analytical function of GIS and RS technology.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Use the GIS and RS technology, extracted the information of G. biloba by scientific investigation, researched the spatial distribution and dynamical changes of G. biloba based on landsat 5 TM: the Apr. 3rd, 2001; Jan. 16th, 2005; July 30th, 2006.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Ginkgo biloba's resource was 1.61 x 10(5) hm2 in 2001, 1.84 x 10(5) hm2 in 2005, 1.88 x 10(5) hm2 in 2006.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ginkgo biloba's resource rised from 1.61 x 10(5) hm2 to 1.88 x 10(5) hm2 from 2001 to 2006, showed the gradually rise.</p>

Remote sensing monitoring methods for medicinal plants resource in different types of ecological environment / 中国中药杂志

Different remote sensing monitoring methods are needed for the medicinal plant resource in different types of ecological environment. This paper explained remote sensing monitoring methods for the resource of the wild medicinal plants and cultivated plants, and analyzed the rare species, generous species and species in special ecological environment in detail. It provides a new method to all kind of medicinal plants resources' remote sensing monitoring.

Protective effect of total glucosides of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora against oxidative stress in glomerular mesangial cells induced by high glucose / 药学学报

Total glucosides of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora (TGP) is the active principal in Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora which has antioxidant effect. Since oxidative stress plays a key role in diabetic nephropathy, we investigated the effects of TGP on oxidative stress in bovine glomerular mesangial cells (MC) induced by prolonged high glucose. Bovine glomerular mesangial cells were cultured and passages 2-3 were used for the experiment. Mesangial cells were cultured in high glucose medium, and treated with TGP for 3 weeks. Then collagen IV excreted by mesangial cells were detected, and the percentages of cell cycle were observed by flow cytometry technique. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and [Ca2+]i were measured by flow cytometry after loaded with fluorescent probe DCFH-DA, Rh123 and fluo-3-acetoxymethylest. TGP significantly decreased the excretion of collagen IV and cell hypertrophy induced by high glucose, reduced the levels of ROS and [Ca2+]i, and increased MMP. Therefore we conclude that TGP could protect mesangial cells against oxidative stress induced by high glucose.

How to analyze and interpret the effective values in clinical trials / 中国中西医结合杂志

The analysis of the effective value obtained in clinical trails should take account of both sides of its size and precision, for its interpretation, the general principles of: accuracy, explicitness and quantification should be complied. Criteria such as relative risk (RR), relative risk reducing rate (RRR), absolute risk reducing rate (ARR) and number needed to treat (NNT) an important clinical event, etc. are commonly used in the primary outcomes interpretation, while the methods to express the effective size and precision of surrogate outcomes and intermediary outcomes are needed to be further studied. Many problems for give expression to the outcome of TCM clinical trail still remain to be solved.

Surrogate outcomes, intermediary outcomes and their application in TCM clinical efficacy evaluation / 中国中西医结合杂志

In this paper, the concepts of surrogate outcomes and intermediary outcomes, their correlation with the primary outcome, how to select surrogate outcomes and intermediary outcomes and the particular requirements for using surrogate outcomes in assessing TCM clinical efficacy were discussed and described. It is difficult to evaluate clinical efficacy objectively and thoroughly by means of a single surrogate outcome for reason of the global characteristics of TCM, therefore, to rationally select such intermediary outcomes as important clinical symptoms, combination of several syndromes, patients' subject feeling, patients' satisfaction for treatment and quality of life, should be beneficial for objectively evaluating the efficacy of TCM intervention approaches.

[Analysis of the therapeutic effect and the safety of glutamine granules per os in patients with severe burns and trauma].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect and possible side effects of glutamine granules per os in patients with trauma, burns and major operations. METHODS: Patients inflicted with severe burns, trauma and major operations were enrolled in the study. One hundred and twenty patients were randomly divided into two groups, 60 in control group (C) and 60 in glutamine group (Gln). Randomized double blind and placebo control methods were employed in the study. All the patients in both groups were given diet with equal calories and equal nitrogen content. The patients in Gln group received glutamine granules in dose of 0.5 g.kg(-1).d(-1) orally or by gavage, while those in C group received same dose of placebo (glycine) for 7 days. The changes in the intestinal mucosal barrier function, the protein metabolism, the immune function, hepatic and renal functions, and the incidence of side effects of the medication in both groups of patients were observed and compared before and after the supplementation of glutamine or glycine. RESULTS: The plasma contents of glutamine, proteins and interleukin 2 in both groups were all lower than normal values. But the plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, endotoxin content, intestinal mucosal permeability (urine lactose/mannitol, L/M) and urine excretion of nitrogen increased obviously in both groups. The plasma glutamine concentration in Gln group increased by 38.04% after the administration of Gln for 7 days (P < 0.01). The plasma contents of pro-albumin, transferrin, and IL-2 were obviously higher than those in the C group (the increase rates were 21.19%, 51.11%, 57.54%, respectively, P < 0.01). The plasma DAO activity, L/M ratio, endotoxin content and urine nitrogen excretion in Gln group were evidently lower than those in C group (the decrease rates were 47.26%, 52.18, 22.22% and 27.78%, respectively, P < 0.05 or 0.01). There was no obvious difference in the plasma levels of total protein and albumin, the indices in blood and urine test, or the hepatic and renal functions between the two groups before and after the amino acid supplementation. Mild side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, constipation occurred in both groups, but all of them disappeared spontaneously afterwards (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Oral administration of glutamine could be helpful to increase plasma concentration of glutamine and to ameliorate obviously the intestinal mucosal injury, to promote systemic protein synthesis and to inhibit protein catabolism and to upgrade systemic immune function with little side effect in patients with severe injury.

Effect of TCTS on experimental endometriosis of rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of TCTS on endometriosis rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>On the model of surgical induced rat endometriosis, weight and pathological changes of endometrial transplant and serum hormones were observed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Weight of endometrial transplants was reduced by TCTS 11.2 g.kg-1 and 22.5 g.kg-1 and transplants of TCTS treated rat showed poorly developed epithelium, thinner stroma, fewer stromal cells and glands. At the same time elevated serum E2, FSH and LH were reduced by TCTS.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TCTS can inhibit the growth of endometrial transplants, which is related with serum hormone, especially E2.</p>

Effect of extract from shenghua decoction on myoelectric activity of rabbit uterine muscle in the latest period of pregnancy / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To elucidate the difference between uterus body and cervix under the intervention of Shenghua decoction, and to observe the rabbit uterine muscle in the latest period of pregnancy for the way of myoelectric activity.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>PowerLab/8s was used to record myoelectric activity of rabbit muscle in uterus body and cervix which was in a general anaesthesia state induced by urethane.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Myoelectric activities of rabbit uterine smooth muscle in the latest period of pregnancy was enhanced in vivo by being treated with Shenghua decoction 40 mg x kg(-1) (P < 0.01) while cervix myoelectric activities had no significant change (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Myoelectric activities of rabbit uterine muscle in the latest period of pregnancy are enhanced by being treated with Shenghua decoction so its hemostatic effect can be represented via the constriction of uterus body. Shenghua decoction is beneficial for child delivery because cervix myoelectric activities have no significant change under the intervention of Shenghua decoction while the myoelectric activities of uterus body are increased significantly.</p>