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1.
Metab Brain Dis ; 38(8): 2615-2625, 2023 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37921949

RESUMO

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) has been widely used due to its specific and reproducible neurotoxic effect on the nigrostriatal system, being considered a convenient model of dopaminergic neurodegeneration to study interventions therapeutics. The purple pitanga (Eugenia uniflora) is a polyphenol-rich fruit with antioxidant and antidepressant properties, among others. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of purple pitanga extract (PPE) on acute early oxidative stress induced by intranasal 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) administration in rats. Male Wistar rats were pre-treated orally with PPE (1000 mg/kg) or vehicle. After 24 h, MPTP (0.1 mg/10µL/nostril) or vehicle was administered bilaterally into the animal's nostrils, and 6 h later, the olfactory bulb (OB), striatum (ST), and substantia nigra (SN) were collected to evaluate the oxidative stress parameters. Our findings revealed that OB and SN were the most affected areas after 6 h of MPTP infusion; an early increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels was observed, while pretreatment with a single dose of PPE prevented this increment. No differences in thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) formation were observed, although 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) levels increased, which is the most toxic form of lipid peroxidation, in the MPTP group. The PPE pretreatment could prevent this increase by increasing the NPSH levels previously decreased by MPTP. Furthermore, PPE prevents the Na+/K + ATPase strongly inhibited by MPTP, showing the neuroprotective capacity of the PPE by inhibiting the MPTP-generated oxidation. Thus, we demonstrated for the first time the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of PPE against the early MPTP neurotoxicity.


Assuntos
Eugenia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores , Ratos , Masculino , Animais , Camundongos , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , 1-Metil-4-Fenil-1,2,3,6-Tetra-Hidropiridina/farmacologia , Eugenia/metabolismo , Ratos Wistar , Estresse Oxidativo , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêutico , Substância Negra/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Modelos Animais de Doenças
2.
Oxid Med Cell Longev ; 2020: 1321354, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33101582

RESUMO

Plants are widely used in folk medicine because of their pharmacological properties. Ceiba speciosa, popularly known as paineira-rosa or tree-of-wool, is a species found in the Northwest of Rio Grande do Sul, being native of the upper Uruguay River, Brazil. The tea obtained from the stem bark is employed in folk medicine to reduce cholesterol, triacylglycerides, and glucose levels. However, there are no studies in the literature proving its efficacy or the safety of its use. For this study, we used Caenorhabditis elegans as an animal model considering its advantages for risk assessment and pharmacological screenings. For the toxicological tests, C. elegans N2 (wild type) was treated with the aqueous extract of the stem bark of C. speciosa (ECE) at the first larval stage (L1) at concentrations of 5, 25, 50, and 250 µg/mL. To evaluate biological activities, we challenged the extract for oxidative stress resistance in the presence of paraquat (0.5 mM), H2O2 (1 mM), and against glucose-induced toxicity. Our results demonstrated that ECE did not alter survival rate, pharyngeal pumping, and reproduction of the nematodes. The extract was not able to protect the nematodes against the toxicity induced by prooxidants. Notably, ECE protected against glucotoxicity by increasing worms' life span and by reducing glucose levels. On the other hand, ECE treatment did not reduce lipid accumulation induced by exogenous glucose feeding, as observed in worms which lipid droplets were tagged with GFP. Based on our results, we believe that the extract is indeed promising for further studies focusing on carbohydrates metabolism; however, it needs to be carefully evaluated since the extract does not seem to modulate lipid accumulation.


Assuntos
Caenorhabditis elegans/efeitos dos fármacos , Ceiba/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Substâncias Protetoras/farmacologia , Animais , Caenorhabditis elegans/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ceiba/metabolismo , Glucose/farmacologia , Larva/efeitos dos fármacos , Larva/metabolismo , Dose Letal Mediana , Longevidade/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Paraquat/toxicidade , Casca de Planta/química , Casca de Planta/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/química
3.
J Liposome Res ; 29(3): 274-282, 2019 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30563398

RESUMO

The ethanolic extract obtained from purple pitanga fruit (Eugenia uniflora - PPE) has been previously described by its potential to reduce lipid accumulation in vitro. In this study, we aimed to study this potential in vivo using Caenorhabditis elegans as animal model. Considering the low pH of the extract, its hydrophilic characteristic, its absorption by the medium where the worms are cultivated and the need of a chronic exposure in the worms solid medium, we have loaded liposomes with PPE and investigated its potential for oral administration. Following 48 h exposure to the PPE-loaded liposomes on worms nematode growth medium, we did not observe any toxic effects of the formulation. Under high cholesterol diet, which increased worms total lipid and also triacylglycerides levels, liposomes containing PPE were able to significantly attenuate these alterations, which could not be observed when worms were treated with free PPE. Furthermore, we could evidence that liposomes were ingested by worms through their labelling to uranin fluorescence dye. Through total phenolic compounds quantification, we estimated an entrapment efficacy of PPE into liposomes of 87.7%. The high levels of phenolic compounds present in PPE, as previously described by our group, indicate that these antioxidants may interfere in worms lipid metabolism, which may occur through many and intricated mechanisms. Although the use of conventional liposomes for human consumption may not be pragmatic, its application for oral delivery of a hydrophilic substance in C. elegans was absolutely critical for our experimental design and has proven to be efficient.


Assuntos
Caenorhabditis elegans/efeitos dos fármacos , Etanol/química , Eugenia/química , Hipolipemiantes/química , Lecitinas/química , Lipossomos/química , Fenóis/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Animais , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/toxicidade , Frutas/química , Interações Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Hipolipemiantes/administração & dosagem , Hipolipemiantes/toxicidade , Tamanho da Partícula , Fenóis/administração & dosagem , Fenóis/toxicidade , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade , Solventes , Triglicerídeos/metabolismo
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