RESUMO
Medicinal leeches are well-established for promoting venous drainage in transplants/flaps and analgesia in osteoarthritis. Although medicinal leeches are bred and kept under controlled conditions, they are colonised by a genuine species-specific bacterial flora. Therapeutic application of leeches implies skin penetration carrying an a priori risk of infection. We report 2 cases with different indications for medicinal leech therapy. In both cases wound infection occurred in close temporal and spatial correlation or with evidence of a leech-associated germ that could be treated successfully. An unclarified complication rate warrants strict indications for the application of medicinal leeches. Preventive measures are currently tested.
Assuntos
Aeromonas , Articulação do Tornozelo , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Síndromes Compartimentais/terapia , Contusões/terapia , Erisipela/terapia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/terapia , Hirudo medicinalis/microbiologia , Aplicação de Sanguessugas/efeitos adversos , Traumatismos da Perna/terapia , Traumatismos Ocupacionais/terapia , Osteoartrite do Joelho/terapia , Osteoartrite/terapia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Terapia Combinada , Erisipela/transmissão , Feminino , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/transmissão , Humanos , Masculino , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/transmissãoRESUMO
To investigate the neural processing of emotion in right and left temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), we monitored EEG during neutral and emotionally positive and negative auditory stimulation. Left TLE patients displayed increased right lateralization and a negative emotional stimulus rating bias, while right TLE patients did not. This EEG arousal and negative affect may reflect deactivated inhibition of the right hemisphere, symptomatically expressed as arousal and anxiety. Failure to increase lateralization to emotional stimuli in right TLE may reflect compromised emotional attention/arousal centers in the right hemisphere. Results support a two-dimensional theory of the neural processing of emotion.
Assuntos
Afeto/fisiologia , Nível de Alerta/fisiologia , Atenção/fisiologia , Encéfalo/fisiopatologia , Eletroencefalografia , Epilepsia do Lobo Temporal/fisiopatologia , Lateralidade Funcional/fisiologia , Estimulação Acústica , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inibição Neural/fisiologia , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The CCCH finger protein PIE-1 is a regulator of germ cell fate that segregates with the germ lineage in early embryos. At each asymmetric division, PIE-1 is inherited preferentially by the germline daughter and is excluded from the somatic daughter. We show that this asymmetry is regulated at the protein level by two complementary mechanisms. The first acts before cell division to enrich PIE-1 in the cytoplasm destined for the germline daughter. The second acts after cell division to eliminate any PIE-1 left in the somatic daughter. The latter mechanism depends on PIE-1's first CCCH finger (ZF1), which targets PIE-1 for degradation in somatic blastomeres. ZF1s in two other germline proteins, POS-1 and MEX-1, are also degraded in somatic blastomeres, suggesting that localized degradation also acts on these proteins to exclude them from somatic lineages.