RESUMO
The peptic ulcer is a gastric disorder that affects millions of people and yet they cause many side effects. In this sense, natural products represent an important alternative to the discovery of compounds with gastroprotective activity. The present work has as its objective to evaluate the antioxidant and gastroprotective activity of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of Leaves from Tocoyena formosa (Cham. & Schlecht.) K. Schum (HELTF), this being much emphasized in traditional medicine for inflammatory morbidities and gastric symptoms. For the evaluation of the antioxidant activity, FRAP and DPPH tests were carried out, and for the evaluation of the gastroprotective activity, gastric lesion induction by ethanol, acidified ethanol, indomethacin and physical barrier tests were used. Antioxidant assay of HELTF revealed an EC50 of 558.66⯵M FeSO4/g and IC50 of 189.78⯵g/ml for FRAP and DPPH respectively. In gastroprotective, in ethanol model, all the doses presented significant activity in comparison to controls, however, in the gastric lesion induction test by acidified ethanol and indomethacin, only the dose of 200â¯mg/kg presented with significance. In the physical barrier test presented evidence that protection by the formation of a protective layer associated with mucus. Concluded, therefore, that HELTF possesses antioxidant and significate gastroprotective activity.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Úlcera Péptica/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Substâncias Protetoras/administração & dosagem , Rubiaceae/química , Animais , Antioxidantes/análise , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Úlcera Péptica/patologia , Extratos Vegetais/análise , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Folhas de Planta/química , Substâncias Protetoras/análise , Substâncias Protetoras/isolamento & purificação , Estômago/efeitos dos fármacos , Estômago/patologiaRESUMO
Tocoyena formosa, a small ornamental tree growing in the dry regions of central Brazil, is commonly known as 'genipapo do bravo'. This is a medicinal plant traditionally used as an analgesic for rheumatic pain, lower back pain and myalgia, however its use is carried out without scientific evidence, which thus justifies the development of studies to investigate and prove its therapeutic potential. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical profile of Tocoyena formosa (Cham. & Schlecht.) K. Schum (TFLHE) and the mechanisms involved in its anti-nociceptive effect. The TFLHE revealed the presence of gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ellagic acid, rutin, quercetin and luteolin. The TFLHE at doses of 200 and 400mg/kg significantly decreased acetic acid-induced abdominal contortions, the reaction time for the formalin test in both phases and increased the paw withdrawal time in the hot plate thermal stimulus test. The 200mg/kg dose also significantly inhibited the plantar mechanical hyperalgesia intensity induced by formalin within 24h. TREATMENT: with the TFLHE did not cause significant changes in motor performance and coordination in the Rota Rod test. The investigation on the possible mechanism of antinociceptive action of TFLHE indicates the involvement of opioid, glutamatergic, nitric oxide/cGMP and vanilloid systems. It is concluded that the TFLHE has an antinociceptive effect promoted by the aforementioned mechanisms.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/farmacologia , Nociceptividade/efeitos dos fármacos , Medição da Dor/efeitos dos fármacos , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Folhas de Planta , Analgésicos/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Etanol/farmacologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Nociceptividade/fisiologia , Medição da Dor/métodos , Compostos Fitoquímicos/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Plantas Medicinais , Água/farmacologiaRESUMO
The species Croton rhamnifolioides, belonging to the Croton genus, is known in ethnomedicine as "quebra faca" and is used in the treatment of stomach pain, vomiting and fever. This study aims to evaluate the anti-edematogenic and anti-inflammatory effect of Croton rhamnifolioides leaf essential oil (OEFC) and its major constituent: 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol). The essential oil was extracted from fresh leaves through a hydrodistillation system. The chemical analysis was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The acute anti-inflammatory activity was determined from the models of: ear edema by the single application of croton oil, paw edema induced by: carrageenan, dextran, histamine and arachidonic acid, while vascular permeability was determined by Evans blue extravasation and chronic anti-inflammatory activity by granuloma induction using the implantation of cotton pellets. The GC-MS results identified and quantified 11 constituents, with the major component being 1,8-cineole (41.33%). The OEFC (20mg/mL) and 1,8-cineole (8.26mg/mL) significantly reduced the edema induced by croton oil by 42.1 and 34.9%, respectively. The OEFC (25, 50, 100 and 200mg/kg) and 1,8-cineole (10.33, 20.66, 41.33 and 82.66mg/kg) statistically reduced paw edema induced by carrageenan, dextran as well as vascular permeability (protein extravasation). The OEFC (25mg/kg) and 1,8-cineole (10.33mg/kg) demonstrated efficacy in reducing edema induced by histamine and arachidonic acid and granuloma. In conclusion, the OEFC and 1,8-cineole have anti-inflammatory activity in the acute and chronic phase, suggesting therapeutic potential as a source for the development of new anti-inflammatory agents.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Óleo de Cróton/uso terapêutico , Croton , Cicloexanóis/uso terapêutico , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Monoterpenos/uso terapêutico , Folhas de Planta , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Óleo de Cróton/isolamento & purificação , Cicloexanóis/isolamento & purificação , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Edema/patologia , Eucaliptol , Masculino , Camundongos , Monoterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Óleos Voláteis/isolamento & purificação , Óleos Voláteis/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are cyclic oligosaccharides can enhance the bioavailability of drugs. Ocimum basilicum is an aromatic plant found in Brazil used in culinary. The essential oil of this plant presents anti-edematogenic and anti-inflammatory activities in acute and chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oil obtained from O. basilicum complexed with ß - cyclodextrin (OBEO/ß-CD) in mice. The complexation with ß-cyclodextrin (ß-CD) was performed by different methods and analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using mice models of paw edema induced by carrageenan, dextran, histamine and arachidonic acid (AA); vascular permeability and peritonitis induced by carrageenan and granuloma induced by cotton block introduction. The DSC, TG and SEM analysis indicated that the OBEO was successfully complexed with ß-CD. The oral administration of OEOB/ß-CD prevented paw edema formation by decreasing vascular permeability in vivo, inhibited leukocyte recruitment to the peritoneal cavity, and inhibited granuloma formation in mice. Our results indicate that conjugation with ß-CD improves the anti-inflammatory effects of OBEO in mice models of acute and chronic inflammation, indicating that this complex can be used in anti-inflammatory drug development.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Ocimum basilicum/química , Óleos Voláteis/administração & dosagem , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , beta-Ciclodextrinas/química , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Brasil , Edema/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Óleos Voláteis/química , Extratos Vegetais/químicaRESUMO
The genus Ocimum are used in cooking, however, their essential oils are utilized in traditional medicine as aromatherapy. The present study was carried out to investigate the chemical composition and systemic anti-inflammatory activity of the Ocimum basilicum essential oil (EOOB) and its major component estragole, as well as its possible mechanisms of action. The Ocimum basilicum essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. The anti-inflammatory action was verified using acute and chronic in vivo tests as paw edema, peritonitis, and vascular permeability and granulomatous inflammation model. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of action was analyzed by the participation of histamine and arachidonic acid pathways. The chemical profile analysis identified fourteen components present in the essential oil, within them: estragole (60.96%). The in vivo test results show that treatment with EOOB (100 and 50 mg/kg) and estragole (60 and 30 mg/kg) significantly reduced paw edema induced by carrageenan and dextran. The smallest doses of EOOB (50 mg/kg) and estragole (30 mg/kg) showed efficacy in the reduction of paw edema induced by histamine and arachidonic acid, vascular permeability inhibition and leukocyte emigration in the peritoneal fluid. Theses doses were capable of reducing the chronic inflammatory process. The results observed between the EOOB and estragole demonstrate efficacy in anti-inflammatory activity, however, the essential oil is more efficacious in the acute and chronic anti-inflammatory action. This study confirms the therapeutic potential of this plant and reinforces the validity of its use in popular medicine.