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1.
J Agric Food Chem ; 72(10): 5197-5211, 2024 Mar 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38477041

RESUMO

Broccoli has gained popularity as a highly consumed vegetable due to its nutritional and health properties. This study aimed to evaluate the composition profile and the antioxidant capacity of a hydrophilic extract derived from broccoli byproducts, as well as its influence on redox biology, Alzheimer's disease markers, and aging in the Caenorhabditis elegans model. The presence of glucosinolate was observed and antioxidant capacity was demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory capacity was quantified, and the treatment ameliorated the amyloid-ß- and tau-induced proteotoxicity in transgenic strains via SOD-3 and SKN-1, respectively, and HSP-16.2 for both parameters. Furthermore, a preliminary study on aging indicated that the extract effectively reduced reactive oxygen species levels in aged worms and extended their lifespan. Utilizing broccoli byproducts for nutraceutical or functional foods could manage vegetable processing waste, enhancing productivity and sustainability while providing significant health benefits.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Brassica , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans , Animais , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Brassica/metabolismo , Acetilcolinesterase , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Envelhecimento , Caenorhabditis elegans , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Oxirredução , Longevidade , Biologia
2.
Food Chem ; 444: 138516, 2024 Jun 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38306771

RESUMO

In this study, the phytochemical profile of fifty olive leaves (OL) extracts from Spain, Italy, Greece, Portugal, and Morocco was characterized and their anti-cholinergic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities were evaluated. Luteolin-7-O-glucoside, isoharmnentin, and apigenin were involved in the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity, while oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol showed noteworthy potential. Secoiridoids contributed to the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory activity and antioxidant capacity. Compounds such as oleuropein, ligstroside and luteolin-7-O-glucoside, may exert an important role in the ferric reducing antioxidant capacity. It should be also highlighted the role of hydroxytyrosol, hydroxycoumarins, and verbascoside concerning the antioxidant activity. This research provides valuable insights and confirms that specific compounds within OL extracts contribute to distinct anti-cholinergic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative effects.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Glucosídeos Iridoides , Olea , Álcool Feniletílico/análogos & derivados , Antioxidantes/química , Acetilcolinesterase , Olea/química , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2 , Extratos Vegetais/química , Iridoides/análise , Compostos Fitoquímicos/análise , Folhas de Planta/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/análise , Antagonistas Colinérgicos/análise
3.
Adv Food Nutr Res ; 107: 193-212, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37898540

RESUMO

Olive (Olea europaea) is a native species from the Mediterranean region and widely cultivated for its edible fruit, known as olives. Olives are a rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E, and polyphenols, and have been shown to have various health benefits. They are commonly used for cooking and are also employed in cosmetics and the pharmaceutical industry. The extract obtained from olive fruits and several subproducts of the olive industry has demonstrated several biological activities mainly associated with their antioxidant and inflammatory properties. Thus, olives, olive-derived products, and subproducts of the olive industry have gained popularity in recent years due to their potential health benefits and their use in traditional medicine. The present chapter summarizes the main applications of Olea europaea and olive oil processing by-products as therapeutic agents against cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and antimicrobial agents.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Olea , Azeite de Oliva/análise , Polifenóis , Frutas/química , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia
4.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(5)2023 Feb 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36901783

RESUMO

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the cause of around 60-70% of global cases of dementia and approximately 50 million people have been reported to suffer this disease worldwide. The leaves of olive trees (Olea europaea) are the most abundant by-products of the olive grove industry. These by-products have been highlighted due to the wide variety of bioactive compounds such as oleuropein (OLE) and hydroxytyrosol (HT) with demonstrated medicinal properties to fight AD. In particular, the olive leaf (OL), OLE, and HT reduced not only amyloid-ß formation but also neurofibrillary tangles formation through amyloid protein precursor processing modulation. Although the isolated olive phytochemicals exerted lower cholinesterase inhibitory activity, OL demonstrated high inhibitory activity in the cholinergic tests evaluated. The mechanisms underlying these protective effects may be associated with decreased neuroinflammation and oxidative stress via NF-κB and Nrf2 modulation, respectively. Despite the limited research, evidence indicates that OL consumption promotes autophagy and restores loss of proteostasis, which was reflected in lower toxic protein aggregation in AD models. Therefore, olive phytochemicals may be a promising tool as an adjuvant in the treatment of AD.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Olea , Humanos , Polifenóis/farmacologia , Olea/química , Iridoides/farmacologia , Glucosídeos Iridoides , Folhas de Planta , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia
5.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(1)2023 Dec 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38203451

RESUMO

Tagetes erecta is an edible flower deeply rooted in traditional Mexican culture. It holds a central role in the most popular and iconic Mexican celebration, "the Day of the Dead". Furthermore, it is currently receiving interest as a potential therapeutic agent, motivated mainly by its polyphenol content. The present study aims to evaluate the biological activity of an extract synthesized from the petals of the edible flower T. erecta. This extract showed significant antioxidant scores measured by the most common in vitro methodologies (FRAP, ABTS, and DPPH), with values of 1475.3 µM trolox/g extr, 1950.3 µM trolox/g extr, and 977.7 µM trolox/g extr, respectively. In addition, up to 36 individual polyphenols were identified by chromatography. Regarding the biomedical aspects of the petal extract, it exhibited antitumoral activity against ovarian carcinoma cells evaluated by the MTS assay, revealing a lower value of IC50 compared to other flower extracts. For example, the extract from T. erecta reported an IC50 value half as low as an extract from Rosa × hybrida and six times lower than another extract from Tulbaghia violacea. This antitumoral effect of T. erecta arises from the induction of the apoptotic process; thus, incubating ovarian carcinoma cells with the petal extract increased the rate of apoptotic cells measured by flow cytometry. Moreover, the extract also demonstrated efficacy as a therapeutic agent against tauopathy, a feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the Caenorhabditis elegans experimental model. Treating worms with the experimental extract prevented disfunction in several motility parameters such as wavelength and swimming speed. Furthermore, the T. erecta petal extract prevented the release of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which are associated with the progression of AD. Thus, treatment with the extract resulted in an approximate 20% reduction in ROS production. These findings suggest that these petals could serve as a suitable source of polyphenols for biomedical applications.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Carcinoma , Neoplasias Ovarianas , Tagetes , Tauopatias , Feminino , Humanos , Animais , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Caenorhabditis elegans , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Carcinoma Epitelial do Ovário , Flores , Polifenóis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia
6.
Food Chem ; 381: 132096, 2022 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35094882

RESUMO

Traditionally, edible flowers have been used as foods and for therapeutic purposes, today they have gained importance due to their bioactive compounds such as flavonols, anthocyanins or other phenolic compounds, which give them potential for biomedical applications. This work evaluated a methanolic extract of Tulbaghia violacea. Eleven individual phenolic compounds were found and quantified by mass spectrometry in the extract. Antioxidant activity tests (TEAC, FRAP and DPPH) and other characterization parameters were assayed (total phenolic content and total flavonoid content). In vitro studies showed antitumoral activity against ovarian tumoral cells mediated by the induction of non-dependent caspase cell death and by the activation of reactive oxygen species. The effect of the extract against features of Alzheimer disease was in vivo assayed in Caenorhabditis elegans. Tulbaghia extract led to a reduction in the 1-42 beta amyloid peptide formation and prevented oxidative stress. These results suggested that Tulbaghia violacea could be a new source of phenolic compounds for nutraceuticals and functional food development.


Assuntos
Allium , Antocianinas , Antocianinas/análise , Antioxidantes/análise , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Flores/química , Extratos Vegetais/química
7.
Food Chem ; 372: 131272, 2022 Mar 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34628121

RESUMO

Bioactive compounds from strawberries have been associated with multiple healthy benefits. The present study aimed to assess chemical characterization of a methanolic extract of the Romina strawberry variety in terms of antioxidant capacity, polyphenols profile and chemical elements content. Additionally, potential toxicity, the effect on amyloid-ß production and oxidative stress of the extract was in vivo evaluated in the experimental model Caenorhabditis elegans. Results revealed an important content in phenolic compounds (mainly ellagic acid and pelargonidin-3-glucoside) and minerals (K, Mg, P and Ca). The treatment with 100, 500 or 1000 µg/mL of strawberry extract did not show toxicity. On the contrary, the extract was able to delay amyloid ß-protein induced paralysis, reduced amyloid-ß aggregation and prevented oxidative stress. The potential molecular mechanisms present behind the observed results explored by RNAi technology revealed that DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/NRF2 signaling pathways were, at least partially, involved.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans , Fragaria , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/genética , Animais , Antioxidantes , Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolismo , Proteínas de Caenorhabditis elegans/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/genética , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/metabolismo , Fragaria/genética , Fragaria/metabolismo , Metanol , Estresse Oxidativo , Extratos Vegetais , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo
8.
Food Chem Toxicol ; 149: 112018, 2021 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33549632

RESUMO

Edible flowers are being used as a new ingredient in modern gastronomy. Recently, these products have also gained interest as an important source of phenolic compounds with potential for biomedical applications. The present work studied a methanolic extract of Rosa x hybrida in which 35 individual phenolic compounds were identified. The extract has been evaluated for its antiproliferative properties in ovarian carcinoma cells. Results showed that the antiproliferative effect was associated with the induction of autophagy and apoptosis with the concomitant ROS increase probably related to mitochondria dysfunction. These antiproliferative effects might be associated with some components of the extract such as quercetin. The extract did not induce damage in healthy cells and that it was able to improve the wound healing activity. The present study also evaluated the properties of the mentioned extract in vivo in C. elegans. Tests demonstrated a lack of toxicity in the worm model. Promising results have been obtained in transgenic strains of C. elegans that produce human beta amyloid peptide, suggesting the possible utility of the extract from the point of view of Alzheimer disease. Altogether, results suggest that Rosa x hybrida extracts could be a new tool for the development of functional foods.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Rosa/química , Animais , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Caenorhabditis elegans/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Flores , Humanos , Extratos Vegetais/química , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo
9.
Nutrients ; 11(10)2019 Oct 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31591312

RESUMO

Diet plays a decisive role in heart physiology, with lipids having especial importance in pathology prevention and development. This study aimed to investigate how dietary lipids varying in lipid profile (virgin olive oil, sunflower oil or fish oil) affected the heart of rats during aging. Heart histopathology, mitochondrial morphometry, and oxidative status were assessed. Typical histopathological features associated with aging, such as valvular lesions, endomyocardical hyperplasia, or papillary muscle calcification, were found at a low extent in all the experimental groups. The most relevant finding was that inflammation registered by fish oil group was lower compared to the other treatments. At the ultrastructural level, heart mitochondrial area, perimeter, and aspect ratio were higher in fish oil-fed rats than in those fed on sunflower oil. Concerning oxidative stress markers, there were differences only in coenzyme Q levels and catalase activity, lower in sunflower oil-fed animals compared with those fed on fish oil. In summary, dietary intake for a long period on dietary fats with different fatty acids profile led to differences in some aspects associated with the aging process at the heart. Fish oil seems to be the fat most protective of heart during aging.


Assuntos
Óleos de Peixe/administração & dosagem , Cardiopatias/prevenção & controle , Longevidade , Mitocôndrias Cardíacas/ultraestrutura , Miocárdio/ultraestrutura , Azeite de Oliva/administração & dosagem , Óleo de Girassol/administração & dosagem , Fatores Etários , Ração Animal , Animais , Óleos de Peixe/metabolismo , Cardiopatias/metabolismo , Cardiopatias/patologia , Masculino , Mitocôndrias Cardíacas/metabolismo , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Azeite de Oliva/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Ratos Wistar , Óleo de Girassol/metabolismo , Fatores de Tempo
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