[The application of transcranial magnetic stimulation for the functional diagnostics of motor disturbances in the patients presenting with ischemic stroke].

AIM: To estimate the informative value of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as a tool for the functional diagnostics of motor disturbances and to evaluate its remedial potential in the patients presenting with ischemic stroke (IS) and motility disorders in the acute phase of the disease and during the early rehabilitation period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study included the comprehensive examination of 112 patients (mean age 59.2 +/- 5.67 years) with the newly emerged hemispheric IS in the basin of the right (n = 53) and left (n = 59) middle cerebral artery (MCA) in the acute phase of the disease and during the early rehabilitation period associated with a moderate neurologic deficit. Moreover, TMS was used to examined 30 subjects (mean age 57.8 +/- 4.33 years) presenting without neurological pathology who comprised the control group for the comparison of the motor evoked potentials (MEP). Correlation between different MEP values and numerical score estimates of neurological deficit based on the NIH stroke scale was calculated using nonparametric Spearman's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: In 42 (34.4%) patients with IS, MEP on the affected side were missing which was later manifested as the low rehabilitative potential for the restoration of the motor functions. In 70 of the 112 patients (65.6%) MEP were registered from the paretic limbs by TMS of the motor centers of the affected hemisphere even though with a decreased amplitude and increased latency that facilitated the well apparent recovery of the motor function during the rehabilitation process in these patients (from 5.4 +/- 0.3 points to 1.3 +/- 0.5 points, p < 0.05). The persistence of MEP during TMS of the affected hemisphere in the patients with IS can be considered as the conservation of the rehabilitation potential for the recovery of the motor functions. All the time-amplitude parameters of MEP in the upper extremities significantly correlated with the NIHSS scores. In the lower extremities correlation was statistically significant for the MEP amplitude parameters and the latency difference between the affected and unaffected sides. CONCLUSION: TMS with the determination of the time and amplitude parameters of MEP is a sensitive method for the quantitative assessment of the functional status of the motor system in the patients presenting with ischemic stroke and motility disorders in the acute phase of the disease and during the early rehabilitation period.

[Possibilities of magnetic-laser therapy in comprehensive treatment of patients with brain concussion in acute period].

The efficacy of magnetic-laser therapy used according to the method developed by us was studied in patients having the brain concussion (BC) in an acute period. The study was based on the dynamics of values of the evoked vestibular potentials and the disease clinical course. It was shown that following the magnetic-laser therapy in combination with traditional pharmacotherapy in BC acute period, the statistically significant positive changes were registered in the quantitative characteristics of the evoked vestibular brain potentials that correlated with the dynamics of the disease clinical course. The data obtained substantiate the possibility of using the magnetic-laser therapy in patients with a mild craniocereblal injury in an acute period.

[Clinical and experimental aspects of the treatment effect of laser irradiation].

The article summarizes literature data and results of the authors' studies on clinical experimental aspects of the treatment effect of laser emission. The literature shows that among different therapeutic effects of laser emission, the most studied are neurotropic, methabolic, immunomodulating, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory as well as its ability to stimulate the regeneration of wounds and bones. The authors stressed on biostimulative effect of laser therapy.

[Protein component in therapeutic effect of electric current].

Literature data and authors' own observation on the role of albumin in realization of curative effect of electric current are summarized in the article. Electric current action on albumin leads to physical and chemical changes (conformational ones, membrane process are also involved, development of free forms of biologically active substances) and biochemical changes (enzymes activity, lipid peroxidation). It furthers the normalization of function of body organs and systems. Curative effect of electric current depends on the dose, physical characteristic, functional specialization of tissues and peculiarities of a pathological process. Protein component is primary one in treatment effect of electric currents and should be further studied using physical, physical and chemical and biochemical techniques.

[Magnetic and laser therapy of acute ischemic stroke]. / Magnitolazernaia terapiia ishemicheskogo insul'ta v ostrom periode.

The paper presents the technique of frequency-modulated magnetolaser therapy (FMMLT) used in combined treatment of 121 patients with ischemic stroke in acute period. The results were compared with those in the control group of 30 patients who received conventional drug treatment. The results of the comparison allowed the author to recommend FMMLT in ischemic stroke especially in the period of "therapeutic window".

[Pain relief by low-intensity frequency-modulated millimeter waves acting on the acupuncture points]. / Podavlenie boli nizkointensivnymi chastotno-modulirovannymi millimetrovymi volnami pri vozdeistvii na tochki akupunktury.

Analgetic effect of low-intensive frequency-modulated millimetric waves (MW) was studied in mice with formalin induced nociceptive behavior reaction (licking of defeat hindpaw). MW were applied to the acupoint E 36 of the defeat hindpaw. The following MW were used: 60 GHz (1) and 118 GHz (2) which were modulated by 4 Hz; noise MW within the range of 42-95 GHz (3) and 90-140 GHz (4) which were modulated in accidental order by frequencies 1-60 Hz; combinations of fixed frequencies with noise - 60 GHz + noise 42-95 GHz (5) and 118 GHz + noise 90-140 GHz (6). All used MW combinations suppressed licking of the defeat hindpaw and increased duration of sleep and eating. The strongest analgesia was achieved in series 1-3 (42.4-69.7%), the weakest in series 6 and 4 of the experiment (12.2-19.7%).

[Physiopuncture therapy of trigeminal neuralgia]. / Fiziopunkturnaia terapiia nevralgii troinichnogo nerva.

137 patients with typical trifacial neuralgia (TN) were divided into four groups. 30 patients of group 1 received EHF therapy, 30 patients of group 2 were exposed to laser, 67 patients of group 3 were treated with combination of laser with EHF-puncture, 10 patients of group 4 were controls on conventional physiotherapy. Patients of all the groups were given drug of choice--carbamazepin. The highest response was registered in group 3, 21(31.3%) patients of which could stop carbamazepin, while 40(59.7%) patients reduced carbamazepin dose by 50-70%. Positive results were due to restoration of self-regulation in pain and antipain systems which are disturbed in TN patients.