RESUMO
Mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) ion channel are established as the primary causative factor in the devastating lung disease cystic fibrosis (CF). More recently, cigarette smoke exposure has been shown to be associated with dysfunctional airway epithelial ion transport, suggesting a role for CFTR in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Here, the identification and characterization of a high throughput screening hit 6 as a potentiator of mutant human F508del and wild-type CFTR channels is reported. The design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of compounds 7-33 to establish structure-activity relationships of the scaffold are described, leading to the identification of clinical development compound icenticaftor (QBW251) 33, which has subsequently progressed to deliver two positive clinical proofs of concept in patients with CF and COPD and is now being further developed as a novel therapeutic approach for COPD patients.
Assuntos
Aminopiridinas/química , Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística/metabolismo , Administração Oral , Aminopiridinas/metabolismo , Aminopiridinas/uso terapêutico , Animais , Fibrose Cística/tratamento farmacológico , Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística/antagonistas & inibidores , Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística/genética , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Deleção de Genes , Meia-Vida , Humanos , Ligação Proteica , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Solubilidade , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Optimization of a 7-azaindole-3-acetic acid CRTh2 receptor antagonist chemotype derived from high throughput screening furnished a highly selective compound NVP-QAV680 with low nM functional potency for inhibition of CRTh2 driven human eosinophil and Th2 lymphocyte activation in vitro. The molecule exhibited good oral bioavailability in the rat, combined with efficacy in rodent CRTh2-dependent mechanistic and allergic disease models and was suitable for clinical development.
Assuntos
Indolizinas/química , Receptores Imunológicos/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptores de Prostaglandina/antagonistas & inibidores , Administração Oral , Animais , Células CHO , Cricetinae , Cricetulus , Dermatite de Contato/tratamento farmacológico , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Eosinófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Eosinófilos/metabolismo , Meia-Vida , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade/tratamento farmacológico , Indolizinas/farmacocinética , Indolizinas/uso terapêutico , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Ligação Proteica , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptores Imunológicos/genética , Receptores Imunológicos/metabolismo , Receptores de Prostaglandina/genética , Receptores de Prostaglandina/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Células Th2/imunologia , Células Th2/metabolismoRESUMO
A novel and robust synthesis of the fragment, 2-amino-5-tert-butylpyridine, has been described, which has been shown to have improved physicochemical properties over 4-tert-butylaniline, when considering drug-like properties. The synthesis also yields fragments containing more highly oxidised precursors to the tert-butyl group as intermediates. These fragments can be incorporated into final target molecules, yielding pharmaceutical compounds and their putative CYP-mediated oxidative metabolites, which can aid in elucidation of metabolic clearance processes.