[The effect of the phosphorus supply on the energy metabolism of growing swine]. / Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der Phosphor-Versorgung auf den Energieumsatz wachsender Schweine.

In growing barrows (live weight 17-30 kg) 3 g P/kg DM feed resulted in comparison to 6 g P/kg DM in 8% lower live weight gain. The lower live weight gain had no relation to N- and energy retention. The lower P feeding has only low effect on energy excretion in faeces and urine (1% of gross energy). A submarginal P feeding has no influence on N- and energy metabolism of growing pigs.

[The energetic utilization of rations with dried concentrates, potatoes, sugar beets, apple pectin and cane sugar by growing, intact and ileorectostomized swine. 1. Results in swine with ileorectal anastomoses]. / Untersuchungen zur energetischen Verwertung von Rationen mit Trockenkonzentraten, Kartoffeln, Zuckerrüben, Apfelpektin und Rohrzucker durch wachsende, intakte und ileorektostomierte Schweine. 1. Mitteilung. Ergebnisse an Schweinen mit Ileo-Rektal Anastomosen.

Rations with dried feedstuffs and rations with between 30 and 50% raw potatoes in the dry matter as well as steamed potatoes and sugar beets, sucrose and apple pectin were tested in measurings of the total metabolism in growing pigs with ileo-rectal anastomoses. The prececal digestibility of the energy of the rations ranged between 42% (rations with raw potatoes) and 79% (rations with sucrose). The digestibility of the rations with a 50% quota of steamed potatoes was better by 30%--units than that of rations with raw potatoes. In addition to crude nutrient digestibility, data are given on the digestibility of starch, water soluble carbohydrates and pectin. The wide variation in the N retention of 6-25 g/animal.day can only be partly connected with energy retention. Urine energy amounted to between 2.5 and 5% of gross energy. The average utilization of metabolizable energy amounted to 69.4%. A connection is to be seen with the value of energy maintenance requirement of 646 kJ retention energy/kg LW0.62.d.

[The energetic utilization of sugar beets, dried chips, cane sugar and apple pectin by growing swine. 2. Nitrogen and energy metabolism]. / Untersuchungen zur energetischen Verwertung von Zucker-rüben, Trockenschnitzeln, Rohrzucker und Apfelpektin durch wachsende Schweine. 2. Mitteilung. Stickstoff- und Energieumsatz.

The energetic utilization of rations with raw and steamed sugar beets, dried sugar beet pulp (16 measured values each), sucrose and apple pectin (8 measured values each) as supplement feed to a basic ration was measured at 4 growing pigs each in the live weight range of between 40 and 130 kg. The utilization of the energy in the rations amounted to 69.1 +/- 5.5, 68.3 +/- 7.1, 60.9 +/- 5.8, 70.5 +/- 4.1 and 69.9 +/- 6.9% (same sequence as above). The utilization values for the supplemented feedstuffs were 69.2 +/- 7.4, 68.0 +/- 10.0, 55.9 +/- 9.7, 72.2 +/- 7.6 and 71.7 +/- 17.3%. The average retention value of the digestible pectin was derived from the test results with dried sugar beet pulp and apple pectin as 5.8 kJ/g. An influence of the ontogenetic development on energy utilization cannot be derived from the comparison of the retention effect of digestible nutrients measured at growing pigs and that derived from adult pigs.

[The energy utilization of coarse feed by adult swine]. / Untersuchung zur energetischen Verwertung von Grobfuttermitteln durch adulte Schweine.

The energetic utilization of 12 technically dried roughages (6 legumes, 5 grasses, 1 straw) with a wide variation of the chemical composition (crude fibre content 190-395, crude protein content 61-266 g/kg DM) was tested with 8 adult pigs each by means of the respiration test technique. The experiments were laid out according to the difference method with 3-4 basal ration period per animal. The digestibility of the energy of the feedstuffs (except straw) ranged from 40-60%, the partial utilization of the metabolizable energy from 63 to 74%.

[Nutrient dependence of energy preservation requirements in rats. 1. Dependence of energy requirements for preservation in fully-grown rats on the type of nutrient offered as the sole energy source]. / Untersuchungen an Ratten zur Nährstoffabhängigkeit des Energieerhaltungsbedarfs. 1. Mitteilung. Abhängigkeit des Energiebedarfs für Erhaltung ausgewachsener Ratten von der Art des Nährstoffs, der als alleinige Energiequelle angeboten wird.

In two experiments with fully-grown albino rats (Wistar strain) the energetic utilization of glucose, sunflower oil and casein in the maintenance metabolism was determined under thermoneutral conditions of keeping the animals. The relative requirement of metabolizable energy for maintenance was, with either glucose, sunflower oil or casein being the sole energy source of the feed, in experiment 1 100:105:133 and in experiment 2 100:102:135. The absolute values of the maintenance requirement of metabolizable energy were in experiment 1 347 +/- 26, 364 +/- 61 and 460 +/- 33 resp., and in experiment 2 330 +/- 11, 337 +/- 21 and 446 +/- 27 kJ/kg LW 0.75 resp. The results are discussed in connection with the efficiency of ATP synthesis (metabolizable energy/mol ATP gain) in the oxidative decomposition of nutrients.

[Energy requirements for the synthesis of body proteins during growth as determined in model experiments in rats. 2. Studies with dietary casein and wheat gluten used unsupplemented or supplemented with methionine or lysine]. / Der Energieaufwand für die Bildung von Körperprotein beim Wachstum nach Modellversuchen an Ratten. 2. (Mitteilung) Versuche mit Kasein und Weizenkleber mit und ohne Ergänzung durch Methionin bzw. Lysin als Nahrungsprotein

Rats were used in 7 trials each comprising 9 animals (197 total metabolism trials carried out at an environmental temperature of 30 degree). The animals received casein, casein+methionine, wheat gluten, wheat gluten+lysine as protein sources and were investigated for their nitrogen and energy turnover. The rations fed contained between 10% and 27% protein. Supplementation of the natural proteins with synthetic amino acids positively influenced the growth rate and the rate of N retention. The feeding of wheat gluten as sole protein source induced an absolute depression of the food and energy intake. The rates of tetention of protein and fat energy per animal/day showed opposing trends, in dependence upon the protein levels in the rations. It was found in the trials with casein that the proteins yielded 25%, or 18% of the total energy retention if the rats received low protein rations while the percentage of protein energy retention increased to 49-53%, if the rations contained high protein levels. The rats utilized between 67% and 84% of the metabolizable energy for the turnover of body energy. A negative correlation was found between the levels of energy utilization and protein intake. The energy demends for protein retention were calculated (mean of all trials) to be 1.67 kcal of metabolizable energy while those for fat retention amounted to 1.15 kcal. The energy demands for protein retention were not found to be dependent on the type of protein source used. The maintenance requirements of the rats were 102 kcal of metabolizable energy per kg LM0,75.