[Efficacy and mechanism of new resource medicinal materia Moringa oleifera leaves against hyperlipidemia].

High fat diet induced hyperlipidemia hamster model was used to explore the anti-hyperlipidemia effect of water extract of Moringa oleifera leaves( WEMOL). On this basis,the possible action mechanism was predicted by network pharmacology. Golden hamsters were randomly divided into normal diet group( NFD),high-fat diet group( HFD),simvastatin group,high dose group of WEMOL( HIWEMOL) and low dose group of WEMOL( LOWEMOL). The model was administered simultaneously for 66 days,during which the body weight changes of hamsters were recorded. At the end of the experiment,serum lipid level and serum transaminase level of golden hamsters in each group were detected,and the pathological changes of liver were observed by hematoxylin-eosin( HE) staining. The results showed that WEMOL could significantly decrease the serum total cholesterol( TC),total triglyceride( TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol( LDL-c) levels,and reduce the lipid deposition in liver tissue,thus improving the hyperlipidemia of golden hamsters. According to the prediction of network pharmacology,219 targets of potential active components of M.oleifera leaves and 185 targets of water-soluble potential active components of M. oleifera leaves for the treatment of hyperlipidemia were obtained separately. The MCODE analysis was performed on the PPI network of 219 targets and 185 targets obtained above and got five and four clusters respectively. The signaling pathway analysis of clusters showed that among the common pathways,nonalcoholic fatty liver,insulin resistance,MAPK signaling pathway,estrogen signaling pathway,cell apoptosis and HIF-1 signaling pathway were associated with hyperlipidemia. In addition,the potential active components of M. oleifera leaves could also inhibit the metabolic inflammation of hyperlipidemia by modulating complement and coagulation cascades signaling pathway,and GSK3 B,F2,AKT1,RELA,SERPINE1 might be the key targets. The water-soluble potential active components of M. oliefera leaves could modulate lipid metabolism by modulating AMPK signaling pathway and JAK-STAT signaling pathway,with PIK3 CB,PIK3 CA,CASP3,AKT1 and BCL2 as the key targets. These results suggested that WEMOL had anti hyperlipidemia effect,and its mechanism might be related to the protein expression regulation of lipid metabolism,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis related signaling pathways.

[Study on potential molecular mechanism of Mongolian medicine Bawei Sanxiang San in treatment of chronic heart failure based on network pharmacology and molecular docking].

To explore the potential molecular mechanism of Mongolian medicine Bawei Sanxiang San in the treatment of chronic heart failure(CHF) through network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. The active ingredients and potential targets of Bawei Sanxiang San were collected by applying TCMSP, BATMAN databases and literature mining. CHF-related genes were collected through TTD, GeneCards and CTD databases. After the potential common targets between Bawei Sanxiang San and CHF were disco-vered, the interaction network diagram of "compound-target-pathway" was constructed using Cytoscape. The intersecting targets were imported into the DAVID database for GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, the Autodock_vina software was used to molecularly dock the selected proteins with the active ingredients of Bawei Sanxiang San. The results showed that there were 60 active ingredients in Bawei Sanxiang San that might be used to treat CHF, involving 311 target genes and 7 signaling pathways that directly related to CHF, such as HIF-1 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption, calcium signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, renin secretion. Additionally, molecular docking showed that the bioactive compounds had good binding activity with the protein receptors of key target genes. Bawei Sanxiang San might exert therapeutic effects on CHF by regulating cardiomyocytes, angiogenic and inflammation related targets and pathways in a multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway manner.

A review of the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and quality control of the ethnic medicinal plant Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach in China.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach (syn. Polygonum orientale L.) is a potent medicinal herb widely used in many ethnic groups, such as the Han, Tibetan, Mongolian, Zhuang, Miao, Yao, Yi, Korean, Dong, Hani, Lisu, Naxi and She people in China. Aims of the review: This article aims to present the research progress on P. orientalis, which is helpful to understand the multi-purpose of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) and prompt its medicinal value. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Information on P. orientalis was obtained from published materials, including monographs on medicinal plants, ancient and modern recorded classics, pharmacopoeias and electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Science Direct, Springer, AGRIS, Europe PMC, SCI Finder, PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang DATA, J-STAGE, classical treatises of modern pharmaceutical science and Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (FRPS). RESULTS: Clinical applications of traditional medicine of P. orientalis have therapeutic effects for dispelling rheumatism, promoting digestion, aiding diuresis and activating blood circulation. A total of 153 chemical constituents have been identified from P. orientalis, including flavonoids, carboxylic acids, phenolic acids, amino acids, hydrocarbons, chromones, lignans, volatile oils, amides and other components. Its active ingredients have a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as anti-oxidative, anti-aging, anti-inflammation, analgesia, anti-myocardial ischemia, anti-abortion, and anti-rheumatoid arthritis, as well as protective effects on cerebral ischemia and liver injury. By establishing stable detection methods, the quality standards of P. orientalis medicinal materials have been guaranteed, such as determination of the iconic components, harvesting periods and optimization of specific components extraction processes. CONCLUSIONS: P. orientalis has different pharmacological activities based on the diversity of chemical constituents. However, the existing reports mainly focus on the extracts, and these studies on its corresponding compounds are not clear enough. The information suggests that P. orientalis has good potential medicinal value, and more attention should be paid to further explore its bioactive components.

Antidiarrheal Effect of Sechang-Zhixie-San on Acute Diarrhea Mice and Network Pharmacology Deciphering Its Characteristics and Potential Mechanisms.

Sechang-Zhixie-San (SCZX) is an ancient prescription used for pediatric diarrhea by the Yi people in China, which consists of Rodgersia sambucifolia Hemsley (known as Yantuo and abbreviated as YT) and Bentonite (BN). Now, it is also a Chinese patent medicine used in the clinic to treat infantile diarrhea. Besides evaluating the antidiarrheal effect of SCZX on diarrhea mice induced by Folium Sennae, the purpose of this study is to outline the characteristics of the antidiarrheal effect and reveal the potential mechanisms of SCZX through the analysis of the mechanism and active components of YT via network pharmacology and molecular docking, combined with the research progress of BN obtained from the literature. SCZX (3.12 and 12.48 g/kg) effectively inhibited diarrhea in mice, significantly lowering the loose stool rate (LSR), loose stool level (LSL), and loose stool index (LSI). Using network pharmacology, the "herb-compound-target-pathway-pharmacological action" network was mapped to indicate the antidiarrheal mechanism of YT. And the docking results revealed that 4 components of YT including quercetin, geranyl-1-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 ⟶ 6)-ß-D-glucopyranoside, 3α-O-(E)-p-hydroxy-cinnamoyl-olean-12-en-27-oic acid, and daucosterol showed significant docking activities with STAT3, EGFR, and SLC10A2, involving 11 pathways such as Th17 cell differentiation, Jak-STAT signaling pathway, ErbB signaling pathway, and HIF-1 signaling pathway. According to our research results and literature reports, the antidiarrheal could be summarized into five aspects: inhibiting intestinal inflammation, acting as a barrier to the intestinal mucosal, regulating water and ion transport, involving the purification of intestinal microorganisms, and intestinal transmission, which might be dependent on multiple proteins and intervention in multiple pathways.

[Textual research on traditional application of Moringa].

Moringa has a long history of edible and medicinal use in foreign countries, this paper collected and sorted out the traditional application of Moringa recorded in the ancient medical books and historical materials of countries and regions along the ancient Silk Road. According to preliminary research, the earliest record of Moringa in China can be traced back to The Bower Manuscript(volume Ⅱ)(about the 4 th-6 th century A.D.) unearthed in Kuqa, Xinjiang. Around the 8 th century, with the communication between countries along the ancient Silk Road becoming prosperous, more and more medical books containing Moringa and its prescriptions were introduced to Tibet, Xinjiang and other places in today's China. The leaves, root bark, seeds and stem bark of Moringa all can be used for medicinal purposes and are recorded in The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India(API). Among them, Moringa leaves have been approved as a new resource food in China. According to the API, it is of cold property and sweet taste, its post-digestive effect is sweet and has the functions of removing wind, bile and fat, relieving pain, killing abdominal worms, moistening skin, brightening eyes and clearing brain. It can be used to treat edema, parasitic diseases, spleen diseases, abscess, tumor, pharyngeal swelling and other diseases. This study explored and organized the historical evidence of communication through the Silk Road and traditional application records of Moringa, in order to provide the evidence of traditional medicine basis, medicine property and efficacy application reference for the realization of the introduction of Moringa as a new resource of traditional Chinese medicine.

[Functional orientation of Moringa leaves based on text mining and molecular docking technology].

A new method on functional orientation of Moringa leaves based on text mining and molecular docking was explored in the study. First, PubMedplus was used to analyze research data on Moringa leaves collected in PubMed and the indications of Moringa leaves were screened along with the hotspots and development tendency of Moringa leaves. Second, Arrowsmith was used to obtain the biological targets of Moringa leaves. Third, active candidate components of Moringa leaves were filtered by SwissADME analyzing on chemical data collected from literatures. Subsequently, molecular docking between active candidate component and target was studied by systemsDock to forecast the potential active components and their possible effective targets, and GO functional annotation of the potential targets was performed by DAVID database. According to the results, tumor, diabetes and digestive diseases were suggested to be indications of Moringa leaves, correlated with 25 active components and 12 potential effective targets possibly by adjusting G protein-coupled receptor and affecting on inflammatory reaction. The new method on functional orientation by combining text mining with molecular docking was successfully practiced on Moringa leaves as a case study,which provides a useful reference for the ultilization of foreign medicinal resource.