Effect of Mulligan spinal mobilization with arm movement along with neurodynamics and manual traction in cervical radiculopathy patients: A randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of Mulligan Spinal Mobilisation with Arm Movement along with neurodynamics and manual traction on pain, disablity and cervical range of motion in cervical radiculopathy patients. METHODS: The randomised controlled trial (RCT) was conducted from August to December 2017 at the Railway General Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and comprised cervical radiculopathy patients of either gender aged 20-60 years. They were randomised into two groups, with the experimental Group A getting treated with Spinal Mobilisation with Arm Movement along with neurodynamics and manual traction, while the control group B only getting treated with neurodynamics and manual traction. The pain, disability and cervical range of motion were assessed before and after treatment of 3 weeks using Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Neck Disability Index and Goniometry. Data was analyzed using SPSS 21. RESULTS: Of the 31 patients, 19(61.3%) were females and 12(38.7%) were males. The overall mean age was 41.65±9.714 years. There were 15(48.4%) patients in Group A, and 16(51.6%) in Group B. Group A showed significantly better results in terms of pain, disability and cervical range of motion (p<0.05 each). CONCLUSIONS: Patients treated with Spinal Mobilisation with Arm Movement along with neurodynamics and manual traction had better outcome compared to those who only got neurodynamics and manual traction.

Histopathological Changes in Arsenic Kushta Induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar Rats.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the nephrotoxic effects of arsenic kushta (Kushta Sam-ul-Far) in Wistar rats. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Department of Morbid Anatomy and Histopathology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore from May to August 2014. METHODOLOGY: This experimental study was conducted on 48 healthy Wistar rats, each weighing 200 - 250 grams. The rats were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups each containing 12 rats. Group I was taken as control given flour pellets. Group II was given single dose (180 mg/kg) of arsenic kushta for 2 weeks. Group III received 150 mg/kg of arsenic kushta for 12 weeks; whereas, group IV was also given 150 mg/kg of arsenic kushta for 12 weeks along with 75 mg of BSA (bovine serum albumin). Histopathological changes in glomeruli, tubules and interstitium were noted in the kidney. RESULTS: Mesangial proliferation, thickening of basement membrane, necrosis, and interstitial edema were mainly observed in all the above groups except group I which served as control. These changes were seen in greater severity in high dose groups and the group given BSA injection along with kushta (group III, IV). CONCLUSION: Herbo-mineral preparations of arsenic kushta are nephrotoxic in rats and may have similar toxic effects in human beings.