Effective prediction model for preventing postoperative deep vein thrombosis during bladder cancer treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To begin to understand how to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after an innovative operation termed intracorporeal laparoscopic reconstruction of detenial sigmoid neobladder, we explored the factors that influence DVT following surgery, with the aim of constructing a model for predicting DVT occurrence. METHODS: This retrospective study included 151 bladder cancer patients who underwent intracorporeal laparoscopic reconstruction of detenial sigmoid neobladder. Data describing general clinical characteristics and other common parameters were collected and analyzed. Thereafter, we generated model evaluation curves and finally cross-validated their extrapolations. RESULTS: Age and body mass index were risk factors for DVT, whereas postoperative use of hemostatic agents and postoperative passive muscle massage were significant protective factors. Model evaluation curves showed that the model had high accuracy and little bias. Cross-validation affirmed the accuracy of our model. CONCLUSION: The prediction model constructed herein was highly accurate and had little bias; thus, it can be used to predict the likelihood of developing DVT after surgery.

A new anthraquinone and a new naphthoquinone from the whole plant of Spermacoce latifolia.

A phytochemical study on the whole plant of Spermacoce latifolia led to the isolation of a new anthraquinone, 1,2,6-trihydroxy-5-methoxy-9,10-anthraquinone (1), and a new naphthoquinone, (2R)-6-hydroxy-7-methoxy-dehydroiso-α-lapachone (2), together with three known anthraquinones (3-5). Their structures were established on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis, including one- and two-dimensional NMR, ESI-MS, and HR-ESI-MS techniques. All the compounds were isolated from S. latifolia for the first time. Compounds 1, 2, 4, and 5 showed significant antibacterial activity toward Bacillus subtilis with MIC values ranging from 0.9 to 31.2 µg/ml, and compound 4 aslo exhibited antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus with a MIC value 62.5 µg/ml. Compound 1 was further revealed to show significant in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 0.653 mM.

A new steroidal saponin from dragon's blood of Dracaena cambodiana.

Phytochemical study on dragon's blood of Dracaena cambodiana led to a new steroidal saponin, cambodianoside G(1), and six known ones (2-7). The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis. Evaluation of antibacterial activities showed that compound 7 exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.

Flavonoids produced by tissue culture of Dracaena cambodiana.

Dragon's blood is a traditional medicine used in many countries of many cultures because of its various therapeutic uses, and its main bioactive compounds are flavonoids, which mainly exhibit antitumor and antimicrobial activities. In the process of tissue culture of Dracaena cambodiana, one of its resource plants, red secretion was discovered in the culture when 6-benzylaminopurine was added. Analysis of its constituents by HPLC in comparison with dragon's blood and the standards proved that 17 compounds, including 10 flavonoids, are the same as those in dragon's blood. It is promising that flavonoids from dragon's blood could be produced by tissue culture of its resource plants for the development of new drugs.

Steroidal saponins from dragon's blood of Dracaena cambodiana.

Six new steroidal saponins, cambodianosides A-F (1-6), together with seven known ones, were isolated from the dragon's blood of Dracaena cambodiana. The structures of 1-6 were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques and chemical methods. The cytotoxicities of all the isolated compounds were evaluated in vitro against three human cancer cell lines, and compounds 7, 8, and 11 showed significant inhibitory activities.

Two new antimicrobial flavanes from dragon's blood of Dracaena cambodiana.

Two new flavonoids, named cambodianins D (1) and E (2), together with two known flavanes (2S)-7,4'-dihydroxy-6,8-dimethylflavane (3) and (2S)-7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-8-methylflavane (4), were isolated from dragon's blood of Dracaena cambodiana. The new compounds were determined by HR-ESI-MS and spectroscopic techniques (UV, IR, 1D, and 2D NMR). Compounds 1-3 exhibited antimicrobial activities.

Cytotoxic and antibacterial flavonoids from dragon's blood of Dracaena cambodiana.

Chemical studies on the constituents from the dragon's blood of Dracaena cambodiana led to the discovery of three new flavonoid derivatives (1- 3) and six known compounds (4- 9). The structures of the three new compounds were elucidated by NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses. All compounds were evaluated for their growth inhibitory activity against human cell lines K-562, SMMC-7721, and SGC-7901, as well as antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). As a result, compounds 1, 2, 5, 7, and 9 showed cytotoxicity against K-562, SMMC-7721, and SGC-7901 cell lines. All these compounds were observed to exhibit antibacterial activities against S. aureus, and compounds 1- 4, 6, 8, and 9 were observed to exhibit antibacterial activity against MRSA.

[Transurethral enucleation of the prostate for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients less than 50 years old].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of transurethral enucleation of the prostate for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients below 50 years of age. METHODS: Twelve patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia patients (mean age 48.2 years, range 46-49 years) underwent transurethral enucleation of the prostate. The middle lobe and two lateral lobes were enucleated with the preprosthetic sphincter and anterior fibromuscular stroma preserved during the operation. The patients were followed up to evaluate the lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual activity after the surgery. RESULTS: The 12 patients were followed up for 3 to 6 months. The symptoms of lower urinary tract obstruction were improved obviously after the surgery, and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) decreased from 24±5.1 to 8.8±1.4 and peak urine flow rate (Qmax) increased from 8.1±4.2 ml/s to 20.1±4.2 ml/s at 3 months postoperatively. All the 12 cases had residual urine (12-44 ml) preoperatively, but after the surgery, only 4 still had residual urine of less than 30 ml. All the patients had normal erection function postoperatively, and 10 had normal ejaculation; the other 2 patients recovered normal ejaculation 3 and 5 months after the operation, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Transurethral enucleation can alleviate the low urinary tract obstruction symptom and improve the sexual function by avoiding preprosthetic sphincter injury in relatively young patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.