[Analysis and monitoring of traditional Chinese medicines for tumor based on data mining].

The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) decoction pieces for treating tumors in China-Japan Friendship Hospital in both outpatient and inpatient departments from January 1 to December 31, 2018 were analyzed in this paper, and the statistical analysis on the frequency and proportion of TCM decoction pieces, as well as the average dosage and dosage range were conducted. Such data were then compared with Chinese Pharmacopoeia. At the same time, data mining association rules were used to study the compatibility of TCM in oncology, and finally, the drug use in TCM was discussed. The top 20(use frequency) TCM decoction pieces for tumors were mainly based on tonic medicines; the use frequency of toxic TCM decoction pieces was low, mainly of small poisonous pieces, with dosage exceeding pharmacopoeia. The drug combinations with higher frequency included Fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma-Poria Cocos(16.11%), and Astragali Radix-Poria Cocos(15.10%). Drug pairs with strong associations included Achyranthes Bidentata→Parasitic Loranthus, Coix Seed→Achyranthes Bidentata, Achyranthes Bidentata→Hairyvein Agrimony, Cuscutae Semen→Achyranthes Bidentata and so on. According to the use of drugs, the drug monitoring can be emphasized from the aspects of usage and dosage, selection of processed TCM, compatibility, decoction methods, and patient education. Pharmacists can analyze the characteristics and regularity of the use of TCM for tumors through data mining methods, and this can be a cutting point for drug monitoring.

Rehmannia glutinosa exhibits anti-aging effect through maintaining the quiescence and decreasing the senescence of hematopoietic stem cells.

BACKGROUND: The time-related decline in regenerative capacity and organ homeostasis is a major feature of aging. Rehmannia glutinosa and Astragalus membranaceus have been used as traditional Chinese herbal medicines for enhanced immunity and prolonged life. However, the mechanism by which this herbal medicine slows aging is unknown. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of the herbal anti-aging effect. METHODS: Mice were fed diets supplemented with R. glutinosa or A. membranaceus for 10 months; the control group was fed a standard diet. The phenotypes were evaluated using a grading score system and survival analysis. The percentages of the senescence phenotypes of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. The function and the mechanism of HSCs were analyzed by clonogenic assay and the real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The anti-aging effect of R. glutinosa is due to the enhanced function of HSCs. Mice fed with R. glutinosa displayed characteristics of a slowed aging process, including decreased senescence and increased rate of survival. Flow cytometry analysis showed decreased numbers of Lin-Sca1+c-kit- (LSK) cells, long-term HSCs (LT-HSCs) and short-term HSCs (ST-HSCs) in the R. glutinosa group. In vitro, clonogenic assays showed increased self-renewal ability of LT-HSCs from the R. glutinosa group as well as maintaining LSK quiescence through upregulated p18 expression. The R. glutinosa group also showed decreased reactive oxygen species levels and the percentage of ß-gal+ cells through downregulation of the cellular senescence-associated protein p53 and p16. CONCLUSION: Rehmannia glutinosa exerts anti-aging effects by maintaining the quiescence and decreasing the senescence of HSCs.

[Determination of five pyrethroid pesticides residues in Anoectochilus roxburghii by cloud point extraction-back extraction and GC-MS].

A method for residual determination of 5 pyrethroid pesticides in Anoectochilus roxburghii by cloud point extraction-back extraction-GC-MS was established. PEG 6000 was used as extraction agent and isooctane was used for back-extractant. The con- tent was calculated by external standard method. The linear range was from 15 to 2 000 µg x kg(-1) with the good correlation coefficients (0.955-0.999). The recoveries at spiked concentrations of 50-500 µg x kg(-1) ranged from 85.12% to 101.6%. The limit of detection and quantification of 5 pyrethroid pesticides were in the range of 0.63-3.10 µg x kg(-1) and 2.10-10.31 µg x kg(-1), respectively. The proposed method can be applied to the determination of pyrethroid pesticides residues in A. roxburghii.

[Effects of different nitrogen forms and their ratios on broccoli yield, quality, and nutrient absorption].

A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen forms ((NH2)2CO-N, NO(3-)-N, NH(4+)-N, and NO(3-)-NH4+) and their ratios on the yield formation, quality, and nutrient (N, P, and K) absorption of broccoli (Brassica oleracea). Fertilization with NO(3-)-N increased the accumulation of nitrate and soluble sugars in ball flower. When the NO(3-)-N: NH(4+)-N ratio was ranged from 3:7 to 5:5 and from 5:5 to 7:3, respectively, the accumulation of nitrate in the ball flower was reduced, while the soluble sugars content was promoted. Fertilization with (NH2)2CO-N and NH(4+)-N was conducive to the improvement of Vc content in the ball flower. N fertilization increased the accumulation of N, P, and K in plants, with the highest contents of N, P, and K observed at rosette stage. Throughout the entire growth period, NH(4+)-N fertilization improved the plant N content, whereas NO(3-)-N fertilization improved the plant K content. At different growth stages, the effects of different N sources on plant P content varied. As compared with applying single N forms, the NO(3-)-N:NH(4+)-N ratio ranged from 3:7 to 5:5 could improve the yield significantly. It was suggested that a combined application of NO(3-)-N and NH(4+)-N with an appropriate ratio could improve the productivity, quality, and economic return of broccoli.

[Effect of yishenqinghuo recipe on periodontal inflammation and immunity of rats with experimental periodontitis].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of Yishenqinghuo recipe on periodontal inflammation and immunity of rats with experimental periodontitis. METHODS: 12 months old Spague-Dawley rats were used in this study. 78 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. group A: control group (with no periodontitis, fed with the same dosage of saline as group D); group B: model group (with periodontitis, fed with the same dosage of saline as group D); group C: high dosage group (with periodontitis, fed with double dosage of medicine as group D); group D: equivalent dosage group (with periodontitis, fed with clinical equivalent effective dosage of medicine). After being gavaged with medicine/saline for 3 months, the periodontium was analyzed through histological slices; and the amount of CD4+T,CD8+T, the ratio of CD4+T/CD8+T, IL-2 and IL-1beta in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry and ELISA. All the results were analyzed by ANOVA, with the use of SAS 6.04 software package. RESULTS: It was found that the periodontal inflammation of group C and D were improved significantly; the ratio of CD4+T/CD8+T in peripheral blood for this 4 groups were 3.55 +/- 0.94, 2.42 +/- 0.75, 3.23 +/- 1.14 and 3.29 +/- 0.83; the level of IL-2 and IL-1beta were (36.03+/- 2.63/179.04 +/- 17.29) pg/ml, (25.18 +/- 3.08/306.09 +/- 13.38) pg/ml, (38.44 +/- 2.58/176.33 +/- 45.38) pg/ml and (36.81 +/- 2.45/182.13 +/- 43.97) pg/ml. Compared with group B, the ratio of CD4+T/CD8+T for group C and D was significantly rised (P < 1.05); the level of IL-2 increased significantlyand IL-1beta decreased accordingly (P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference between group C and D (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: From this study, we conclude that Yishenqinghuo recipe can improve the periodontal inflammation and adjust the immunity of rats with experimental periodontitis. Supported by National "Tenth Five-Year" Key Science and Technology PROject (Grant No. 2004BA720A26) and Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipality (Grant No. 03Zr14081).