Misdiagnosis of primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the pleura: case report and literature review.

Background: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is an indolent B cell lymphoma. Its occurrence in the pleura is rare, with atypical clinical manifestations. MALT of the pleura is easily misdiagnosed. This is the first case report of pleural MALT lymphoma in China. Case Description: We report the case of a 54-year-old Chinese man with no notable medical history who complained of cough, sputum, and shortness of breath for 3 months. He had a positive purified protein derivative (PPD) test. An initial misdiagnosis of pleural tuberculosis was corrected, after 3 thoracoscopic biopsies and tests, to primary pleural MALT lymphoma. He received treatments of R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, vindesine and prednisolone) and traditional Chinese medicine. The patient was followed for 3 years until June 2022, with no obvious respiratory symptoms. Pleural MALT lymphoma is extremely rare, with only a few cases reported. This article describes our case, and includes an overview of 15 previously reported cases to summarize the characteristics, treatments, and prognosis of primary pleural MALT lymphoma. Conclusions: Pleural MALT lymphoma is rare, and a correct diagnosis depends on tissue biopsy, immunohistochemical staining, and detection of gene rearrangement. Thoracoscopy is important to diagnose this disease. Multiple thoracoscopic biopsies may be necessary.

Fingerprint Analysis and Quantitative Determination of Fourteen Active Components in the Traditional Chinese Medicinal Preparation Feiyangchangweiyan Capsule by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS.

FeiYangchangweiyan capsule (FY capsule), a traditional Chinese medicinal preparation consisting of three medicinal herbs, has been used to treat bacterial dysentery, acute, and chronic gastroenteritis for several decades. In this study, a novel, convenient, accurate, and valid method was developed by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with diode array detection (DAD) to obtain a chromatographic fingerprint of FeiYangchangweiyan capsule (FY capsule). Then, fourteen peaks were identified according to MS/MS fragmentation behavior of the reference standards by using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS analysis. At the same time, the fingerprint similarity was calculated and the contents of known ingredients were also determined simultaneously. The result demonstrated that the HPLC fingerprint combining similarity evaluation and quantification analysis can be successfully applied to control the quality of FY capsule.

The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Feiyangchangweiyan Capsule and Its Main Components on Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in Rats via the Regulation of the NF-κB and BAX/BCL-2 Pathway.

Although gastroenteritis and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) occur in the gastrointestinal tract and pelvis, respectively, they display similar pathogeneses. The incidence of inflammation in these conditions is usually associated with dysbacteriosis, and, at times, they are caused by the same pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus aureus. Feiyangchangweiyan capsule (FYC) is a traditional Chinese patent medicine that is widely used to treat bacterial dysentery and acute and chronic gastroenteritis. However, whether it has an effect on PID is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of FYC and its main components, gallic acid (GA), ellagic acid (EA), and syringin (SY), on a pathogen-induced PID model and illustrate their potential mechanism of action. Female specific pathogen-free SD rats (n = 1110) were randomly divided into control, PID, FYC, GA, EA, SY, GA + EA, GA + SY, EA + SY, GA + EA + SY, and Fuke Qianjin capsule (FKC) positive groups. Histological examination and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were carried out as well as western blot analysis to detect the expression of NF-κB, BAX, BCL-2, and JNK. In this study, FYC and its main components dramatically suppressed the infiltration of inflammatory cells, reduced the production of IL-1ß, TNF-α, and MCP-1, and elevated the IL-10 level to varying degrees. We also found that FYC and its main components inhibited the expression of BAX induced by infection and increased the expression of Bcl-2. FYC, GA, EA, and SY could also block the activation of the NF-κB pathway. Finally, we found that the phosphorylation of JNK could be decreased by FYC, GA, and SY. FYC and its main components exhibit anti-inflammatory effect on a pathogen-induced PID model by regulating the NF-κB and apoptosis signaling pathways.

High-level expression and purification of recombinant human catalase in Pichia pastoris.

Catalase is one of the antioxidant enzymes and is involved in many pathophysiologic processes and human diseases. This study focused on high-level expression and purification of recombinant catalase in Pichia pastoris. The cDNA encoding catalase was cloned by RT-PCR from Fetal liver of Homo sapiens. After PCR and construction of expression vector pPIC9K-CAT, human catalase was expressed highly in P. pastoris yeast SMD1168 and secreted into the culture medium. The secreted catalase was purified to a purity of 95% by ammonium sulfate fractionation, anionic exchange-chromatography, and Macro-prep Ceramic Hydroxyapatite with a overall yield of 60%. This study provides a new method for large-scale expression and purification of recombinant protein catalase.

[Local applied slow-releasing rapamycin inhibits neointima hyperplasia in vein graft].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether rapamycin (RPM) can reduce the neointima formation in the autologous vein graft, thus to provide support for its clinical application. METHODS: Twenty-four male rabbits were made external jugular vein-to-common carotid artery models and then were divided into 4 equal groups at random: blank-control group; F-127 control group receiving local application of 0.5 ml 20% F-127 around the vein graft; low-dose RPM group, receiving local application of 0.5 ml 20% F-127 containing RPM of 50 microg/cm(2); and high dose RPM group, receiving local application of 0.5 ml 20% F-127 containing RPM of 100 microg/cm2. The rabbits were killed 3 weeks later and the samples of vein graft bridge were taken to undergo light microscopy. The ratio of intima to media thickness and restenosis rate (ratio of lumina to lumina plus intima area) were measured. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) positive cells so as to indicate the degree of cell proliferation. The apoptosis cells were detected by TUNEL to indicate the degree of cell apoptosis. RESULTS: The intima thickness levels of the low- and high-dose RPM groups were 29 microm +/- 10 microm and 16 microm +/- 8 microm respectively, both significantly lower than those of the blank-control group and F-127 control group (90 microm +/- 11 microm and 85 microm +/- 11 microm respectively, all P < 0.05). The restenosis rate (lumina area/total area ratio) of the low- and high-dose RPM groups were 0.80 +/- 0.36 and 0.91 +/- 0.13 respectively, both significantly higher than those of the blank-control group and F-127 control group (0.58 +/- 0.11 and 0.65 +/- 0.47 respectively, all P < 0.05). The cell proliferation indicis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of the low- and high-dose RPM groups were 20% +/- 9% and 14% +/- 6% respectively, both significantly lower than those of the blank-control group and F-127 control group (31% +/- 7% and 35% +/- 6%, all P < 0.05). The cell apoptosis indicis of the low- and high-dose RPM groups were 33% +/- 7% and 36% +/- 7% respectively, both significantly lower than those of the blank-control group and F-127 control group (16% +/- 6% and 18.% +/- 8% respectively, all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Local delivery of slow-releasing RPM by F-127 effectively inhibits the neointima hyperplasia in vein graft by a mechanism of reducing the VSMC proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis.