Hypolipidemic and antiatherogenesis effect of culinary-medicinal pink oyster mushroom, Pleurotus salmoneostramineus L. Vass. (higher Basidiomycetes), in hypercholesterolemic rats.

The present study was conducted to investigate dietary supplementation of Pleurotus salmoneostramineus fruiting bodies on biochemical and histological effects in hyper- and normocholesterolemic rats. Six-week-old female Sprague-Dawley albino rats were divided into three groups of 10 rats each. Feeding of diet containing a 5% powder of the fruiting bodies of P. salmoneostramineus in hypercholesterolemic rats reduced plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, total lipid, phospholipids, and LDL/HDL ratio by 22.55, 51.38, 69.23, 29.67, 16.61, and 65.31%, respectively. The mushroom also significantly reduced body weight in hypercholesterolemic rats. Moreover, it had no adverse effects on plasma albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, glucose, total protein, calcium, sodium, potassium, chloride, inorganic phosphate, magnesium, and enzyme profiles. Feeding mushroom increased total lipid and cholesterol excretion in feces. The plasma lipoprotein fraction, separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, indicated that P. salmoneostramineus significantly reduced plasma ß and pre-ß-lipoprotein, while it increased α-lipoprotein. A histological study of liver tissues by conventional hematoxylin-eosin and oil red O staining showed normal in mushroom feed hypercholesterolemic rat. This study suggests that the P. salmoneostramineus diet supplement provided health benefits by acting on the atherogenic lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic rats.

Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Dietary Lentinus edodes on Plasma, Feces and Hepatic Tissues in Hypercholesterolemic Rats.

We investigated diet supplementation with shiitake mushroom fruiting bodies on biochemical and histological changes in hypercholesterolemic rats. Six-wk old female Sprague-Dawley albino rats were divided into three groups of 10 rats each. A diet containing 5% Lentinus edodes fruiting bodies given to hypercholesterolemic rats reduced plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total lipid, phospholipids, and the LDL/high-density lipoprotein ratio by 34.33, 53.21, 75.00, 34.66, 25.73, and 71.43%, respectively. Feeding mushroom also significantly reduced body weight in hypercholesterolemic rats. However, it had no detrimental effects on plasma albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, glucose, total protein, calcium, sodium, potassium, chloride, inorganic phosphate, magnesium, or enzyme profiles. Feeding mushroom increased total lipid and cholesterol excretion in feces. The plasma lipoprotein fraction, separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, indicated that L. edodes significantly reduced plasma ß and pre-ß-lipoprotein but increased α-lipoprotein. A histological study of hepatic cells by conventional hematoxylin-eosin and oil red-O staining showed normal findings for mushroom-fed hypercholesterolemic rats. These results suggest that shiitake mushrooms could be recommended as a natural cholesterol lowering substance in the diet.

Dietary effect of Pleurotus eryngii on biochemical function and histology in hypercholesterolemic rats.

This work was conducted to investigate diet supplement of king oyster mushroom fruiting bodies on biochemical and histological changes in hypercholesterolemic rats. Six-week old female Sprague-Dawley albino rats were divided into three groups of 10 rats each. The feeding of 5% powder of the fruiting bodies of Pleurotus eryngii to hypercholesterolemic rats reduced their plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, total lipid, phospholipids, and LDL/HDL ratio by 24.05%, 46.33%, 62.50%, 24.63%, 19.22%, and 57.14%, respectively. Mushroom also significantly reduced body weight in hypercholesterolemic rats. However, it had no adverse effects on plasma albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, glucose, total protein, calcium, sodium, potassium, chloride, inorganic phosphate, magnesium, and enzyme profiles. Feeding mushroom increased total lipid and cholesterol excretion in feces. The plasma lipoprotein fraction, separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, indicated that P. eryngii significantly reduced plasma ß and pre-ß-lipoprotein, while increased α-lipoprotein. A histological study of hepatic cells by conventional hematoxylin-eosin and oil red O staining showed normal findings for mushroom-fed hypercholesterolemic rat. The present study suggests that 5% P. eryngii diet supplement provided health benefits by acting on the atherogenic lipid profile in hypercholesterolaemic rats. Therefore, king oyster mushroom could be recommended as a natural cholesterol lowering substance within the human diet.

In vitro and in vivo activities of DA-7867, a new oxazolidinone, against aerobic gram-positive bacteria.

In vitro and in vivo activities of DA-7867 were assessed against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. All isolates were inhibited by DA-7867 at

In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of DW286, a new fluoronaphthyridone antibiotic.

The in vitro and in vivo activities of DW286, a novel fluoronaphthyridone with potent antibacterial activity, were compared with those of ciprofloxacin, gemifloxacin, sparfloxacin, and trovafloxacin. Against gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis, the in vitro activity of DW286 was stronger than that of any other reference antibiotic. Against gram-negative bacteria, the activity of DW286 was similar to those of trovafloxacin and gemifloxacin but was weaker than that of ciprofloxacin. In a mouse systemic infection caused by three S. aureus strains, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus and quinolone-resistant S. aureus (QRSA), DW286 demonstrated the most potent activity, as found in vitro. Specially, DW286 is >or=8-fold more active against QRSA than the other fluoroquinolones. And the 50% protective doses for DW286 were correspondent with the in vitro activities.