Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells Transplantation with Cholecalciferol Supplementation in Recent-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Patients: Twelve Months Follow-Up.

To evaluate safety and therapeutic effect along 12 months of allogenic adipose tissue-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) transplantation with cholecalciferol (VITD) in patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D). Prospective, phase II, open trial, pilot study in which patients with recent onset T1D received ASCs (1xKgx106 cells) and VITD 2000UI/day for 12 months (group 1) and were compared to controls with standard insulin therapy (group 2). Adverse events, C-peptide area under the curve (CPAUC), insulin dose, HbA1c and frequency of FoxP3+ in CD4+ or CD8+ T-cells(flow cytometry) were evaluated at baseline(T0), after 3(T3), 6(T6) and 12 months(T12). Eleven patients completed follow up (7:group 1;4:group 2). Group 1 had lower insulin requirement at T3(0.24±0.18vs0.53±0.23UI/kg,p=0.04), T6(0.24±0.15vs0.66±0.33 UI/kg,p=0.04) and T12(0.39±0.15vs0.74±0.29 UI/Kg,p=0.04).HbA1c was lower at T6 (50.57±8.56vs72.25±10.34 mmol/mol,p=0.01), without differences at T12 (57.14±11.98 in group 1 vs. 73.5±14.57 mmol/min in group 2, p=0.16). CPAUC was not significantly different between groups at T0(p=0.07), higher in group 1 at T3(p=0.04) and T6(p=0.006), but similar at T12(p=0.23). IDAA1c was significantly lower in group 1 than group 2 at T3,T6 and T12 (p=0.006, 0.006 and 0.042, respectively). IDDA1c was inversely correlated to FoxP3 expression in CD4 and CD8+ T cells at T6 (p<0.001 and p=0.01, respectively). In group 1, one patient had recurrence of a benign teratoma that was surgically removed, not associated to the intervention. ASCs with VITD without immunosuppression were safe and associated lower insulin requirements, better glycemic control, and transient better pancreatic function in recent onset T1D, but the potential benefits were not sustained.

Influence of the unsaturated fatty acids on body weight, glucose, and lipids metabolism in obese women with Pro12Pro genotype in PPARY2 gene / Influencia de los ácidos grasos insaturados en el peso corporal y en el metabolismo de la glucosa y de los lípidos en mujeres obesas con el genotipo Pro12Pro en el gen PPARY2

Background: The type of dietary fatty acid may have different effects on obesity and its complications, however, these effects can be influenced by genes and polymorphisms, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ isoform 2 (PPARγ2). Moreover, it is unclear whether the degree of unsaturation of the fat has different effects on lipid and glucose metabolism, and particularly the loss of body weight. Objective: To evaluate the influence of diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) on anthropometric and biochemical variables in obese woman with genotype Pro12Pro on PPARγ2 gene on body weight, glycemic and lipemic profile. Methods: Eighteen obese women with Pro12Pro genotype in PPARγ2 gene were randomized into groups to receive a high PUFAs (PUFA-diet, n = 8) or MUFAs (MUFA-diet, n = 10) diets. Anthropometrics (body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference) and biochemical variables (glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides) were evaluated at baseline and after 45 days. Results: Anthropometric and biochemical variables were similar between groups at baseline and after intervention (p > 0.05). BMI decrease only in PUFA-diet (p = 0.01), probably due to the lower lipid content in this diet. MUFA-diet decrease fasting glucose (p = 0.03), insulin (p = 0.03), and HOMA-IR (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Compared to PUFA, MUFA was more efficient to reduce the insulin resistance in obese women with Pro12Pro genotype in PPARγ2, even in high saturated fatty acids and total fat diet (AU)

Introducción: el tipo de ácido graso de la dieta presenta diferentes efectos sobre la obesidad y sus complicaciones, pero estos efectos pueden verse influenciados por los genes y sus polimorfismos, tales como los receptores activados por el proliferador de los peroxisomas isoforma γ2 (PPARγ2). Además, no está claro si el grado de insaturación de los lípidos posee diferentes efectos en el metabolismo de los lípidos y de la glucosa y, particularmente, en la pérdida de peso. Objetivos: evaluar la influencia de dietas ricas en ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (AGPI) y monoinsaturados (AGMI) en las variables antropométricas y bioquímicas en el peso corporal y el perfil glucémico y lipémico en mujeres obesas con el genotipo Pro12Pro en el gen PPARγ2. Métodos: dieciocho mujeres obesas con genotipo Pro12Pro fueron distribuidas aleatoriamente para una de las dietas, rica en AGPI (n = 8) o AGMI (n = 10). Las variables antropométricas (índice de masa corporal [IMC] y circunferencia de la cintura) y bioquímicas (glucosa, insulina, HOMA-IR, colesterol total, LDL-colesterol, HDL-colesterol y triglicéridos) fueron evaluadas antes y después de un periodo de 45 días. Resultados: las variables antropométricas y bioquímicas fueron similares entre los grupos antes y después de la intervención (p > 0,05). El IMC disminuyó después de la ingesta de AGPI (p = 0,01), probablemente debido al menor contenido de lípidos. El AGMI redujo la glucosa (p = 0,03), insulina (p = 0,03) y HOMA-IR (p = 0,02). Conclusión: los AGMI fueron más eficientes para reducir la resistencia a la insulina en mujeres obesas con el genotipo Pro12Pro en el gen PPARγ2, aunque las mujeres presentaran una elevada ingesta de lípidos totales y ácidos grasos saturados (AU)