Effect of oral exercises and photobiomodulation therapy in the rehabilitation of patients with mandible fractures: randomized double-blind clinical trial.

Mandible fractures compromise stomatognathic functions, requiring rehabilitation. Evaluate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation (PBM) associated with oral exercises for rehabilitation of patients with mandible fractures. In this randomized clinical trial, we compared PBM with PBM sham in 14 adults with mandibular fractures who underwent surgical intervention. The sessions were performed 24 h and 48 h after surgical procedure, and weekly for 4 weeks after hospital discharge. Both groups performed oral exercises after each PBM session. Restriction of food consistencies, mandibular mobility, pain, and facial sensitivity measured before and after the surgical procedure were the outcomes evaluated, one and 3 months after surgery. Maximum interincisal distances (MID), exercise pain, and restriction of food consistencies were also evaluated during each week of intervention. Both groups showed normal MID (> 35 mm) and food consistencies consumed 1 month after the surgical procedure, with no significant differences between them. Individuals in the PBM group had less pain response to exercise during all the weeks of intervention than the sham group (p < 0.05). The patients presented a reduction in the painful response in MID and mandibular laterality movements 1 month after surgery compared to the preoperative period. In contrast, there was an improvement in laterality in the sham group only 3 months postoperatively and persistent pain in MID. There was no significant difference in facial sensitivity within and between groups during follow-up. The performance of oral exercises associated with PBM effectively facilitated the early rehabilitation of oral functions, with significant gains in pain management.

Efficacy of low-level laser for treatment of cancer oral mucositis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Review effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the curative treatment of oral mucositis (OM) in patients receiving cancer therapy. A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed using Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases according to PRISMA guidelines, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) on OM in patients during and/or after cancer therapy and in which the therapeutic approach was LLLT, with wavelengths between 632 and 970 nm. We considered grade of OM as a dichotomous variable (such as an improvement or not in severe OM on the seventh day of therapy), with the analysis of subgroups of adult patients or children and adolescents and as a continuous variable with determination of the time for the complete resolution and the subgroup analysis occurred with the strata of the samples by treatment only with chemotherapy or chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This paper's protocol was registered a priori at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO . We found five RCT (total of 315 patients) with adequate methodology. LLLT was effective, presenting a 62% risk reduction of severe mucositis on the seventh day of evaluation (RR = 0.38 [95% CI, 0.19-0.75]). When we analyzed subgroups, RR was 0.28 (95% CI 0.17-0.46) in the adult studies and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.46-1.78) in the studies with children and adolescents. We demonstrated a mean reduction of 4.21 days in the time of complete resolution of OM (CI - 5.65 to - 2.76) in favor of LLLT. There is moderate evidence that LLLT is effective in resolving OM lesions in adult patients undergoing cancer therapy. LLLT demonstrates potential for decreasing the resolution time of OM lesions by approximately 4.21 days.

[Evaluation of eight Clinical Protocols and Therapeutic Guidelines under the Brazilian Ministry of Health using the AGREE II instrument: a pilot study]. / Avaliação de oito Protocolos Clínicos e Diretrizes Terapêuticas (PCDT) do Ministério da Saúde por meio do instrumento AGREE II: um estudo piloto.

The number of clinical guidelines is increasing worldwide, while there are concerns regarding their quality. In 2000, the Brazilian Ministry of Health began its process of creating clinical guidelines, called Clinical Protocols and Therapeutic Guidelines (PCDT). The goal of this study was to assess the quality of Brazilian guidelines approved since 2009 using the AGREE II instrument (Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation). We identified 59 PCDT from 2009 to 2012, of which eight were randomly selected and evaluated by three independent evaluators. For the item "recommends the guidelines", two evaluators recommended the use of all eight, but with modifications, and one did not recommend any to the guidelines. Regarding the item "global quality of the guidelines" (varying from 1 to 7), the mean was 4.25 (SD = 0.46). The results showed the need for adjustments in the PCDT in relation to AGREE II domains. However, due to the instrument's limitations, further studies are needed, including the quality of evidence used in the PCDT.

Avaliação de oito Protocolos Clínicos e Diretrizes Terapêuticas (PCDT) do Ministério da Saúde por meio do instrumento AGREE II: um estudo piloto / Evaluation of eight Clinical Protocols and Therapeutic Guidelines under the Brazilian Ministry of Health using the AGREE II instrument: a pilot study / Evaluación de ocho Protocolos Clínicos y Directrices Terapéuticas (PCDT) del Ministerio de Salud de Brasil mediante el instrumento AGREE II: un estudio piloto

Há, mundialmente, um crescente aumento de publicações de diretrizes clínicas, acompanhado de preocupações quanto à qualidade. Em 2000, o Ministério da Saúde iniciou a elaboração de Protocolos Clínicos e Diretrizes Terapêuticas (PCDT). O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os PCDT elaborados após 2009, quanto à sua qualidade, utilizando o instrumento AGREE II (Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation). Entre 2009 e 2012, foram identificados 59 PCDT, dos quais oito foram sorteados e avaliados por três avaliadores independentes. Para o item recomendação do uso da diretriz, dois avaliadores recomendaram o uso de todas, mas com modificações, e um não recomendou qualquer diretriz. Para o item classificação da qualidade global da diretriz, cuja avaliação poderia variar de 1 a 7, obteve-se média de 4,25 (DP = 0,46). Esses resultados apontam a necessidade de adequações nos PCDT, quanto aos domínios do AGREE II. Devido à limitação do instrumento utilizado, existe necessidade de novos estudos, inclusive sobre a qualidade das evidências utilizadas na elaboração dos PCDT.

The number of clinical guidelines is increasing worldwide, while there are concerns regarding their quality. In 2000, the Brazilian Ministry of Health began its process of creating clinical guidelines, called Clinical Protocols and Therapeutic Guidelines (PCDT). The goal of this study was to assess the quality of Brazilian guidelines approved since 2009 using the AGREE II instrument (Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation). We identified 59 PCDT from 2009 to 2012, of which eight were randomly selected and evaluated by three independent evaluators. For the item “recommends the guidelines”, two evaluators recommended the use of all eight, but with modifications, and one did not recommend any to the guidelines. Regarding the item “global quality of the guidelines” (varying from 1 to 7), the mean was 4.25 (SD = 0.46). The results showed the need for adjustments in the PCDT in relation to AGREE II domains. However, due to the instrument’s limitations, further studies are needed, including the quality of evidence used in the PCDT.

El número de guías de práctica clínica está aumentando en todo el mundo, al mismo tiempo que existen dudas respecto a su calidad. En el año 2000, el Ministerio de Salud de Brasil inició su proceso de creación de guías clínicas, denominadas Protocolos Clínicos y Directrices Terapéuticas (PCDT). El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la calidad de las guías que fueron elaboradas después de 2009, mediante el instrumento AGREE II (Instrumento para la Evaluación de Guías de Práctica Clínica). Entre 2009 y 2012, se identificaron 59 PCDT, de las cuales se han seleccionado 8, que fueron analizadas por 3 evaluadores independientes. Para el tema “recomendaría esta guía”, 2 evaluadores recomendaron el uso de las 8, pero con modificaciones y 1 no recomendó ninguna. En relación con el tema “calidad global de la guía”, la media fue de 4,25 (DP = 0,46). Estos resultados muestran la necesidad de ajustes en los PCDT, según los dominios del AGREE II. Sin embargo, debido a las limitaciones del instrumento, todavía existe la necesidad de nuevos estudios, entre ellos sobre la calidad de las evidencias utilizadas en el PCDT.

Blood pressure control in hypertensive patients in the "Hiperdia Program": a territory-based study.

BACKGROUND: Systemic hypertension is highly prevalent and an important risk factor for cardiovascular events. Blood pressure control in hypertensive patients enrolled in the Hiperdia Program, a program of the Single Health System for the follow-up and monitoring of hypertensive patients, is still far below the desired level. OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiological profile and to assess blood pressure control of patients enrolled in Hiperdia, in the city of Novo Hamburgo (State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a stratified cluster random sample, including 383 adults enrolled in the Hiperdia Program of the 15 Basic Health Units of the city of Porto Alegre, conducted between 2010 and 2011. Controlled blood pressure was defined as ≤ 140 mmHg × 90 mmHg. The hypertensive patients were interviewed and their blood pressure was measured using a calibrated aneroid device. Prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence interval, Wald's χ(2) test, and simple and multiple Poisson regression were used in the statistical analysis. RESULTS: The mean age was 63 ± 10 years, and most of the patients were females belonging to social class C, with a low level of education, a sedentary lifestyle, and family history positive for systemic hypertension. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was observed in 31%; adherence to the antihypertensive treatment in 54.3%; and 33.7% had their blood pressure controlled. DM was strongly associated with inadequate BP control, with only 15.7% of the diabetics showing BP considered as controlled. CONCLUSION: Even for hypertensive patients enrolled in the Hiperdia Program, BP control is not satisfactorily reached or sustained. Diabetic hypertensive patients show the most inappropriate BP control.

Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensive Patients in the "Hiperdia Program": A Territory-Based Study / Controle da Pressão Arterial em Hipertensos do Programa Hiperdia: Estudo de Base Territorial

Background: Systemic hypertension is highly prevalent and an important risk factor for cardiovascular events. Blood pressure control in hypertensive patients enrolled in the Hiperdia Program, a program of the Single Health System for the follow-up and monitoring of hypertensive patients, is still far below the desired level. Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile and to assess blood pressure control of patients enrolled in Hiperdia, in the city of Novo Hamburgo (State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Methods: Cross-sectional study with a stratified cluster random sample, including 383 adults enrolled in the Hiperdia Program of the 15 Basic Health Units of the city of Porto Alegre, conducted between 2010 and 2011. Controlled blood pressure was defined as ≤140 mmHg × 90 mmHg. The hypertensive patients were interviewed and their blood pressure was measured using a calibrated aneroid device. Prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence interval, Wald's χ2 test, and simple and multiple Poisson regression were used in the statistical analysis. Results: The mean age was 63 ± 10 years, and most of the patients were females belonging to social class C, with a low level of education, a sedentary lifestyle, and family history positive for systemic hypertension. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was observed in 31%; adherence to the antihypertensive treatment in 54.3%; and 33.7% had their blood pressure controlled. DM was strongly associated with inadequate BP control, with only 15.7% of the diabetics showing BP considered as controlled. Conclusion: Even for hypertensive patients enrolled in the Hiperdia Program, BP control is not satisfactorily reached or sustained. Diabetic hypertensive patients show the most inappropriate BP control. .

Fundamento: A hipertensão arterial sistêmica apresenta alta prevalência e é um importante fator de risco para eventos cardiovasculares. O controle da pressão arterial em pacientes hipertensos cadastrados no Programa Hiperdia, um programa do Sistema Único de Saúde para acompanhamento e monitoramento dos hipertensos, permanece muito abaixo do desejável. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico e avaliar o controle da pressão arterial em pacientes cadastrados no Hiperdia, em Novo Hamburgo (RS). Metodologia: Estudo transversal, com amostra probabilística estratificada por conglomerados, incluindo 383 adultos cadastrados no Programa Hiperdia das 15 Unidades Básicas de Saúde do município, realizado entre 2010 e 2011. A pressão arterial controlada foi definida como ≤140 mmHg × 90 mmHg. Os hipertensos foram entrevistados e a pressão arterial foi mensurada com aparelho aneroide calibrado. Na análise estatística foram utilizados razões de prevalência (RP) com intervalo de confiança de 95%, teste χ2 de Wald e regressão de Poisson simples e múltipla. Resultados: A média de idade foi de 63 ± 10 anos, sendo a maioria mulheres, pertencentes à classe C, com baixa escolaridade, sedentários e com histórico familiar para HAS. O diabetes melito (DM) estava presente em 31%, a adesão ao tratamento anti-hipertensivo era de 54,3%, e 33,7% estavam com pressão arterial controlada. O DM mostrou-se fortemente associado com o controle inadequado da PA, com 15,7% dos diabéticos com PA considerada controlada. Conclusão: Mesmo com o cadastro no Programa Hiperdia, o controle da PA nos hipertensos não é satisfatoriamente alcançado e mantido, sendo os hipertensos diabéticos os que apresentam o controle mais inadequado. .