RESUMO
This report offers a consensus opinion on the diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment, and prevention of leptospirosis in dogs, an important zoonosis. Clinical signs of leptospirosis in dogs relate to development of renal disease, hepatic disease, uveitis, and pulmonary hemorrhage. Disease may follow periods of high rainfall, and can occur in dogs roaming in proximity to water sources, farm animals, or wildlife, or dogs residing in suburban environments. Diagnosis is based on acute and convalescent phase antibody titers by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), with or without use of polymerase chain reaction assays. There is considerable interlaboratory variation in MAT results, and the MAT does not accurately predict the infecting serogroup. The recommended treatment for optimal clearance of the organism from renal tubules is doxycycline, 5 mg/kg p.o. q12h, for 14 days. Annual vaccination can prevent leptospirosis caused by serovars included in the vaccine and is recommended for dogs at risk of infection.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/microbiologia , Leptospira/isolamento & purificação , Leptospirose/veterinária , Zoonoses/microbiologia , Animais , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Vacinas Bacterianas/uso terapêutico , Consenso , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Doenças do Cão/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças do Cão/prevenção & controle , Cães , Doxiciclina/uso terapêutico , Leptospirose/diagnóstico , Leptospirose/tratamento farmacológico , Leptospirose/microbiologia , Leptospirose/prevenção & controle , Guias de Prática Clínica como AssuntoRESUMO
Northern elephant seal (NES) serum concentrations of total immunoglobulin (Ig) G, an IgG sub-class, and an IgM-like protein were determined by capture immunoassay using three monoclonal antibodies with specificities for Ig of members of the Phocidae pinniped family. These assays were calibrated for use with NES sera using affinity column purified Ig. Concentrations of these Ig populations were estimated in adult female sera sampled at two time points during the lactation period, as well as sera from their pups collected during the first 5 weeks after birth. In pups, concentrations of the IgM-like protein was found to increase rapidly post-partum. In some individuals, values reached mean concentrations within 10-14 days. In addition, rapid increases in pup total IgG and IgG sub-class concentrations were also observed. Collectively, these findings suggest that the majority of post-partum increases in serum Ig can be accounted for by de-novo synthesis.